地震-电离层扰动探测技术的研究进展
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摘要
回顾了地震-电离层扰动机理的研究进展和主要的数据观测方法.总结了地震电磁卫星观测电离层扰动的应用发展情况以及基于卫星测量数据对异常辐射源定位的研究进展.介绍了无线电探测方法的实验情况和数据分析方法.为未来中国探测电离层扰动进行短临地震预测工作提出了建议.
The research progress on mechanism of seism-ionospheric disturbances and the main data observation methods are reviewed.Application development of ionospheric perturbation observation on seismic-electromagnetic satellite and research on anomaly radiation source locating according to the satellite data are summarized.The experimental research as well as the analysis methods of radio sounding are introduced.Some suggestions for future development in ionospheric disturbances detection for short-term and immediate earthquake prediction in China are given.
The research progress on mechanism of seism-ionospheric disturbances and the main data observation methods are reviewed.Application development of ionospheric perturbation observation on seismic-electromagnetic satellite and research on anomaly radiation source locating according to the satellite data are summarized.The experimental research as well as the analysis methods of radio sounding are introduced.Some suggestions for future development in ionospheric disturbances detection for short-term and immediate earthquake prediction in China are given.
引文
[1]郭亚红.地震前的电磁效应[J].地震地质,2006,(3):481~486.Guo Y H.Pre-seismic electromagnetic effect[J].Seismologyand Geology,2006,(3):481~486.
[2]张学民,赵国泽,陈小斌等.国外地震电磁现象观测[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):687~694.Zhang X M,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Seismo-electromagnetic observation abroad[J].Progress inGeophysics,2006,(3):481~486.
[3]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Jhuang H K,et al.Ionospheric foF2andTEC anomalous days associated withM≥5.0 earthquakes inTaiwan during 1997~1999[J].Terrestrial Atmospheric andOceanic Sciences,2004,15(3):371~383.
[4]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Pulinets S A,et al.Seismo-ionosphericsignatures prior to M≥6.0 Taiwan earthquakes[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2000,27(19):3113~3116.
[5]Chuo Y J,Chen Y I,Liu J Y,et al.Ionospheric foF2variations prior to strong earthquakes in Taiwan area,inAdvances in Remote Sensing of the Middle and UpperAtmosphere and the Ionosphere[J].Elsevier Science Bv:Amsterdam.2001,1305~1310.
[6]Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K A,Lomonosov A M,et al.Ionospheric precursors to earthquakes:A preliminary analysisof the foF2critical frequencies at Chung-Li ground-basedstation for vertical sounding of the ionosphere(Taiwan Island)[J].Geomagnetism and Aeronomy,2002,42(4):508~513.
[7]蔡军涛,赵国泽,詹艳,等.地震期间电离层扰动现象研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):695~701.Cai J T,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y,et al.The study on ionosphericdisturbances during earthquakes[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(3):695~701.
[8]Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A.Summary report of NASDA′searthquake remote sensing frontier project[J].Physics andChemistry of the Earth,2004,29(4-9):617~625.
[9]Shvets A V,Hayakawa M,Maekawa S.Results ofsubionospheric radio LF monitoring prior to the Tokachi(M=8,Hokkaido,25 September 2003)earthquake[J].NaturalHazards and Earth System Sciences,2004,4(5-6):647~653.
[10]Yonaiguchi N,Ida Y,Hayakawa M.On the statisticalcorrelation of over-horizon VHF signals with meteorologicalradio ducting and seismicity[J].Journal of Atmospheric andSolar-Terrestrial Physics,2007,69(6):661~674.
[11]Parrot M,Berthelier J J,Lebreton J P,et al.Examples ofunusual ionospheric observations made by the DEMETERsatellite over seismic regions[J].Physics and Chemistry ofthe Earth,Parts A/B/C,2006,31(4-9):486~495.
[12]周硕愚,吴云,施顺英,等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(3):111~117.Zhou S Y,Wu Y,Shi S Y,et al.On propulsion forearthquake prediction by GPS and problems[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(3):111~117.
[13]Reinisch B W.Space-borne observations for short-termearthquake predictions[J].IEEE Antennas and PropagationMagazine,2005,47(6):93~96.
[14]Parrot M,Benoist D,Berthelier J J,et al.The magneticfield experiment IMSC and its data processing onboardDEMETER:Scientific objectives,description and firstresults[J].Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):441~455.
[15]Lagoutte D,Brochot J Y,de Carvalho D,et al.TheDEMETER Science Mission Centre[J].Planetary and SpaceScience,2006,54(5):428~440.
[16]Santolik O,Nemec F,Parrot M,et al.Analysis methods formulti-component wave measurements on board theDEMETER spacecraft[J].Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):512~527.
[17]Santolik O,Parrot M,Lefeuvre F.Singular valuedecomposition methods for wave propagation analysis[J].Radio Science,2003,38(1):10~11.
[18]Santolík O,Lefeuvre F,Parrot M,et al.Propagation of Z-mode and whistler-mode emissions observed by Interball 2 inthe nightside auroral region[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2001,106:21137~21146.
[19]Lefeuvre F,Rauch J L,Lagoutte D,et al.Propagationcharacteristics of dayside low-altitude hiss:case studies.[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1992,97:10601~10620.
[20]Parrot M,Santolik O,Gurnett D A,et al.Characteristics ofmagnetospherically reflected chorus waves observed byCLUSTER[J].Annales Geophysicae,2004,22(7):2597~2606.
[21]Parrot M,Santolik O,Cornilleau-Wehrlin N,et al.Magnetospherically reflected chorus waves revealed by raytracing with CLUSTER data[J].Annales Geophysicae,2003,21(5):1111~1120.
[22]Hayakawa M.The use of SubIonospheric VLF/LFpropagation as the means to study ionospheric perturbationsassociated with earthquakes,2005.Istanbul,Turkey:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ComputerSociety,Piscataway,NJ 08855~1331,United States.
[23]Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A,Ondoh T,et al.Theprecursory signature effect of the Kobe earthquake on VLFsubionospheric signals[R].1996.
[24]Hayakawa M,Surkov V V,Fukumoto Y,et al.Characteristics of VHF over-horizon signals possibly relatedto impending earthquakes and a mechanism of seismo-atmospheric perturbations[J].Journal of Atmospheric andSolar-Terrestrial Physics,2007,69(9):1057~1062.
[25]Molchanov O A,Hayakawa M,Miyaki K.VLF/LFsounding of the lower ionosphere to study the role ofatmospheric oscillations in the lithosphere-ionospherecoupling.[J].Adv.Polar Upper Atmos.Res.,2001,15:146~158.
[26]Shvets A V,Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A,et al.A studyof ionospheric response to regional seismic activity by VLFradio sounding[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2004,29(4-9):627~637.
[27]Kushida Y,Kushida R.On a possibility of earthquakeforecast by radio observations in the VHF band[J].RIKENReview,1998,19:152~160.
[28]Kushida Y,Kushida R.Possibility of earthquake forecast byradio observations in the VHF band.[J].Journal ofAtmospheric Electricity,2002,22:239~255.
[29]Fukumoto Y,Hayakawa M,Yasuda H.Investigation ofover-horizon VHF radio signals associated with earthquakes.[J].Natural Hazards Earth System Science,2001,1:107~112.
[30]Takano T,Yagi Y,Sakai K.Spectrum analysis of anomalouspropagation of FM radio broadcasting waves possibly relatedto earthquakes.[J].Journal of Atmospheric Electricity,2002,22(3):257~275.
[31]Takano T,Sakai K,Nagashima I,et al.Broadbandobservations of propagation anomaly of VHF wavestransmitted from oversea broadcasting stations:Radio ScienceConference,2004.Proceedings.2004 Asia-Pacific[C].2004.
[32]Takano T,Sakai K,Ujigawa S,et al.Propagation anomalyof oversea VHF waves possibly associated with earthquakes:Radio Science Conference,2004.Proceedings.2004 Asia-Pacific[C].2004.
[33]Molchanov O A,Hayakawa M,Ondoh T,et al.Precursoryeffects in the subionospheric VLF signals for the Kobeearthquake.[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Int.,1998,105:239~248.
[34]Molchanov O A,Hayakawa M.Subionospheric VLF signalperturbations possibly related to earthquakes[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1998,103(A8):17489~17504.
[35]Soloviev O V,Hayakawa M,Ivanov V I,et al.Seismo-electromagnetic phenomenon in the atmosphere in terms of3D subionospheric radio wave propagation problem[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2004,29(4-9):639~647.
[36]Soloviev O V,Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A.Seismo-electromagnetic phenomenon in terms of 3D vector problem ofsubionospheric radio wave propagation across the solarterminator[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2006,31(4-9):428~436.
[37]Rozhnoi A,Solovieva M S,Molchanov O A,et al.Middlelatitude LF(40 kHz)phase variations associated withearthquakes for quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2004,29(4-9):589~598.
[38]Fujiwara H,Kamogawa M,Ikeda M,et al.Atmosphericanomalies observed during earthquake occurrences[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2004,31:L17110.
[39]Williams E R.Lightning and climate:A review[J].Atmospheric Research,2005,76(1-4):272~287.
[40]Ohta K,Watanabe N,Hayakawa M.Survey of anomalousSchumann resonance phenomena observed in Japan,inpossible association with earthquakes in Taiwan[J].Physicsand Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2006,31(4-9):397~402.
[41]Ohta K,Izutsu J,Hayakawa M.Anomalous excitation ofSchumann resonances and additional anomalous resonancesbefore the 2004 Mid-Niigata prefecture earthquake and the2007 Noto Hantou Earthquake[J].Physics and Chemistry ofthe Earth,Parts A/B/C,In Press,Corrected Proof.
[42]Nickolaenko A P,Hayakawa M,Sekiguchi M,et al.Modelmodifications in Schumann resonance intensity caused by alocalized ionosphere disturbance over the earthquake epicenter[J].Annales Geophysicae,2006,24(2):567~575.
[43]Simpson J J,Taflove A.A review of progress in FDTDMaxwell′s equations modeling of impulsive subionosphericpropagation below 300 kHz[J].Ieee Transactions onAntennas and Propagation,2007,55(6):1582~1590.
[44]Siingh D,Singh R P,Kamra A K,et al.Review ofelectromagnetic coupling between the Earth′s atmosphere andthe space environment[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67(6):637~658.
[45]Tulunay Y,Altuntas E,Tulunay E,et al.A case study onthe ELF characterization of the Earth-ionosphere cavity:Forecasting the Schumann resonance intensities[J].Journalof Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2008,70(2-4):669~674.
[46]Hayakawa M,Ohta K,Nickolaenko A P,et al.Anomalouseffect in Schumann resonance phenomena observed in Japan,possibly associated with the Chi-chi earthquake in Taiwan[J].Annales Geophysicae,2005,23(4):1335~1346.
[47]Dea J Y,Hansen P M,Boerner W M.Long-term ELFbackground noise measurements,the existence of windowregions,and applications to earthquake precursor emissionstudies[J].Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors,1993,77(1-2):109~125.
[48]万战生,赵国泽,陈小斌,等.岩石圈地震前兆异常机制[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):708~714.Wan Z S,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Mechanism of thelithosphere earthquake precursor anomalous phenomena[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(4):708~714.
[49]赵国泽,陈小斌,汤吉.中国地球电磁法新进展和发展趋势[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(4):1171~1180.Zhao G Z,Chen X B,Tang J.Advanced geo-electromagneticmethods in China[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(4):1171~1180.
[50]赵国泽,陈小斌,蔡军涛.电磁卫星和地震预测[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):667~673.Zhao G Z,Chen X B,Cai J T.Electromagnetic observationby satellite and earthquake prediction[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,(3):667~673.
[51]汤吉,赵国泽,陈小斌,等.地震电磁卫星载荷及现状[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):679~686.Tang J,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Introduction of payloadfor electro-magnetic emissions on seismic satellite[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(3):679~686.
[52]柳文,焦培南,王俊江,张杭伟.利用射线追踪研究电离层扰动[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):465~470.Liu W,Jiao P N,Wang J J,Zhang H W.A study of thedisturbance in the ionosphere using ray tracing technology[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):465~470.
[2]张学民,赵国泽,陈小斌等.国外地震电磁现象观测[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):687~694.Zhang X M,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Seismo-electromagnetic observation abroad[J].Progress inGeophysics,2006,(3):481~486.
[3]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Jhuang H K,et al.Ionospheric foF2andTEC anomalous days associated withM≥5.0 earthquakes inTaiwan during 1997~1999[J].Terrestrial Atmospheric andOceanic Sciences,2004,15(3):371~383.
[4]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Pulinets S A,et al.Seismo-ionosphericsignatures prior to M≥6.0 Taiwan earthquakes[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2000,27(19):3113~3116.
[5]Chuo Y J,Chen Y I,Liu J Y,et al.Ionospheric foF2variations prior to strong earthquakes in Taiwan area,inAdvances in Remote Sensing of the Middle and UpperAtmosphere and the Ionosphere[J].Elsevier Science Bv:Amsterdam.2001,1305~1310.
[6]Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K A,Lomonosov A M,et al.Ionospheric precursors to earthquakes:A preliminary analysisof the foF2critical frequencies at Chung-Li ground-basedstation for vertical sounding of the ionosphere(Taiwan Island)[J].Geomagnetism and Aeronomy,2002,42(4):508~513.
[7]蔡军涛,赵国泽,詹艳,等.地震期间电离层扰动现象研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):695~701.Cai J T,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y,et al.The study on ionosphericdisturbances during earthquakes[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(3):695~701.
[8]Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A.Summary report of NASDA′searthquake remote sensing frontier project[J].Physics andChemistry of the Earth,2004,29(4-9):617~625.
[9]Shvets A V,Hayakawa M,Maekawa S.Results ofsubionospheric radio LF monitoring prior to the Tokachi(M=8,Hokkaido,25 September 2003)earthquake[J].NaturalHazards and Earth System Sciences,2004,4(5-6):647~653.
[10]Yonaiguchi N,Ida Y,Hayakawa M.On the statisticalcorrelation of over-horizon VHF signals with meteorologicalradio ducting and seismicity[J].Journal of Atmospheric andSolar-Terrestrial Physics,2007,69(6):661~674.
[11]Parrot M,Berthelier J J,Lebreton J P,et al.Examples ofunusual ionospheric observations made by the DEMETERsatellite over seismic regions[J].Physics and Chemistry ofthe Earth,Parts A/B/C,2006,31(4-9):486~495.
[12]周硕愚,吴云,施顺英,等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(3):111~117.Zhou S Y,Wu Y,Shi S Y,et al.On propulsion forearthquake prediction by GPS and problems[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(3):111~117.
[13]Reinisch B W.Space-borne observations for short-termearthquake predictions[J].IEEE Antennas and PropagationMagazine,2005,47(6):93~96.
[14]Parrot M,Benoist D,Berthelier J J,et al.The magneticfield experiment IMSC and its data processing onboardDEMETER:Scientific objectives,description and firstresults[J].Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):441~455.
[15]Lagoutte D,Brochot J Y,de Carvalho D,et al.TheDEMETER Science Mission Centre[J].Planetary and SpaceScience,2006,54(5):428~440.
[16]Santolik O,Nemec F,Parrot M,et al.Analysis methods formulti-component wave measurements on board theDEMETER spacecraft[J].Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):512~527.
[17]Santolik O,Parrot M,Lefeuvre F.Singular valuedecomposition methods for wave propagation analysis[J].Radio Science,2003,38(1):10~11.
[18]Santolík O,Lefeuvre F,Parrot M,et al.Propagation of Z-mode and whistler-mode emissions observed by Interball 2 inthe nightside auroral region[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2001,106:21137~21146.
[19]Lefeuvre F,Rauch J L,Lagoutte D,et al.Propagationcharacteristics of dayside low-altitude hiss:case studies.[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1992,97:10601~10620.
[20]Parrot M,Santolik O,Gurnett D A,et al.Characteristics ofmagnetospherically reflected chorus waves observed byCLUSTER[J].Annales Geophysicae,2004,22(7):2597~2606.
[21]Parrot M,Santolik O,Cornilleau-Wehrlin N,et al.Magnetospherically reflected chorus waves revealed by raytracing with CLUSTER data[J].Annales Geophysicae,2003,21(5):1111~1120.
[22]Hayakawa M.The use of SubIonospheric VLF/LFpropagation as the means to study ionospheric perturbationsassociated with earthquakes,2005.Istanbul,Turkey:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ComputerSociety,Piscataway,NJ 08855~1331,United States.
[23]Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A,Ondoh T,et al.Theprecursory signature effect of the Kobe earthquake on VLFsubionospheric signals[R].1996.
[24]Hayakawa M,Surkov V V,Fukumoto Y,et al.Characteristics of VHF over-horizon signals possibly relatedto impending earthquakes and a mechanism of seismo-atmospheric perturbations[J].Journal of Atmospheric andSolar-Terrestrial Physics,2007,69(9):1057~1062.
[25]Molchanov O A,Hayakawa M,Miyaki K.VLF/LFsounding of the lower ionosphere to study the role ofatmospheric oscillations in the lithosphere-ionospherecoupling.[J].Adv.Polar Upper Atmos.Res.,2001,15:146~158.
[26]Shvets A V,Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A,et al.A studyof ionospheric response to regional seismic activity by VLFradio sounding[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2004,29(4-9):627~637.
[27]Kushida Y,Kushida R.On a possibility of earthquakeforecast by radio observations in the VHF band[J].RIKENReview,1998,19:152~160.
[28]Kushida Y,Kushida R.Possibility of earthquake forecast byradio observations in the VHF band.[J].Journal ofAtmospheric Electricity,2002,22:239~255.
[29]Fukumoto Y,Hayakawa M,Yasuda H.Investigation ofover-horizon VHF radio signals associated with earthquakes.[J].Natural Hazards Earth System Science,2001,1:107~112.
[30]Takano T,Yagi Y,Sakai K.Spectrum analysis of anomalouspropagation of FM radio broadcasting waves possibly relatedto earthquakes.[J].Journal of Atmospheric Electricity,2002,22(3):257~275.
[31]Takano T,Sakai K,Nagashima I,et al.Broadbandobservations of propagation anomaly of VHF wavestransmitted from oversea broadcasting stations:Radio ScienceConference,2004.Proceedings.2004 Asia-Pacific[C].2004.
[32]Takano T,Sakai K,Ujigawa S,et al.Propagation anomalyof oversea VHF waves possibly associated with earthquakes:Radio Science Conference,2004.Proceedings.2004 Asia-Pacific[C].2004.
[33]Molchanov O A,Hayakawa M,Ondoh T,et al.Precursoryeffects in the subionospheric VLF signals for the Kobeearthquake.[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Int.,1998,105:239~248.
[34]Molchanov O A,Hayakawa M.Subionospheric VLF signalperturbations possibly related to earthquakes[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1998,103(A8):17489~17504.
[35]Soloviev O V,Hayakawa M,Ivanov V I,et al.Seismo-electromagnetic phenomenon in the atmosphere in terms of3D subionospheric radio wave propagation problem[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2004,29(4-9):639~647.
[36]Soloviev O V,Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A.Seismo-electromagnetic phenomenon in terms of 3D vector problem ofsubionospheric radio wave propagation across the solarterminator[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2006,31(4-9):428~436.
[37]Rozhnoi A,Solovieva M S,Molchanov O A,et al.Middlelatitude LF(40 kHz)phase variations associated withearthquakes for quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2004,29(4-9):589~598.
[38]Fujiwara H,Kamogawa M,Ikeda M,et al.Atmosphericanomalies observed during earthquake occurrences[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2004,31:L17110.
[39]Williams E R.Lightning and climate:A review[J].Atmospheric Research,2005,76(1-4):272~287.
[40]Ohta K,Watanabe N,Hayakawa M.Survey of anomalousSchumann resonance phenomena observed in Japan,inpossible association with earthquakes in Taiwan[J].Physicsand Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2006,31(4-9):397~402.
[41]Ohta K,Izutsu J,Hayakawa M.Anomalous excitation ofSchumann resonances and additional anomalous resonancesbefore the 2004 Mid-Niigata prefecture earthquake and the2007 Noto Hantou Earthquake[J].Physics and Chemistry ofthe Earth,Parts A/B/C,In Press,Corrected Proof.
[42]Nickolaenko A P,Hayakawa M,Sekiguchi M,et al.Modelmodifications in Schumann resonance intensity caused by alocalized ionosphere disturbance over the earthquake epicenter[J].Annales Geophysicae,2006,24(2):567~575.
[43]Simpson J J,Taflove A.A review of progress in FDTDMaxwell′s equations modeling of impulsive subionosphericpropagation below 300 kHz[J].Ieee Transactions onAntennas and Propagation,2007,55(6):1582~1590.
[44]Siingh D,Singh R P,Kamra A K,et al.Review ofelectromagnetic coupling between the Earth′s atmosphere andthe space environment[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67(6):637~658.
[45]Tulunay Y,Altuntas E,Tulunay E,et al.A case study onthe ELF characterization of the Earth-ionosphere cavity:Forecasting the Schumann resonance intensities[J].Journalof Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2008,70(2-4):669~674.
[46]Hayakawa M,Ohta K,Nickolaenko A P,et al.Anomalouseffect in Schumann resonance phenomena observed in Japan,possibly associated with the Chi-chi earthquake in Taiwan[J].Annales Geophysicae,2005,23(4):1335~1346.
[47]Dea J Y,Hansen P M,Boerner W M.Long-term ELFbackground noise measurements,the existence of windowregions,and applications to earthquake precursor emissionstudies[J].Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors,1993,77(1-2):109~125.
[48]万战生,赵国泽,陈小斌,等.岩石圈地震前兆异常机制[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):708~714.Wan Z S,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Mechanism of thelithosphere earthquake precursor anomalous phenomena[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(4):708~714.
[49]赵国泽,陈小斌,汤吉.中国地球电磁法新进展和发展趋势[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(4):1171~1180.Zhao G Z,Chen X B,Tang J.Advanced geo-electromagneticmethods in China[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(4):1171~1180.
[50]赵国泽,陈小斌,蔡军涛.电磁卫星和地震预测[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):667~673.Zhao G Z,Chen X B,Cai J T.Electromagnetic observationby satellite and earthquake prediction[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,(3):667~673.
[51]汤吉,赵国泽,陈小斌,等.地震电磁卫星载荷及现状[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):679~686.Tang J,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Introduction of payloadfor electro-magnetic emissions on seismic satellite[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,(3):679~686.
[52]柳文,焦培南,王俊江,张杭伟.利用射线追踪研究电离层扰动[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):465~470.Liu W,Jiao P N,Wang J J,Zhang H W.A study of thedisturbance in the ionosphere using ray tracing technology[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):465~470.
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