澜沧江流域水资源开发利用影响分析
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摘要
根据1956~2000年45年系列的资料,评价了澜沧江流域的水资源总量,分析了2000年澜沧江流域的水资源开发状况和水质现状,得出了澜沧江流域具有巨大的水能和水量开发潜力。分析了流域开发后将会产生巨大的生态正效益、经济效益和社会效益。同时,也分析了水利工程对移民、施工、运行等也会产生的不利影响,特别对水生、陆生和两栖生物的生态产生负面影响。最后提出了必须利用工程措施和非工程措施,最大限度地减少工程开发对生态环境造成的负面影响,实现流域的可持续发展。
Based on the 45 years data series from 1956 to 2000,the water amount of resources in Langcang River Basin was evaluated,and the developing situation of water resources and the water quality condition in 2000 are analyzed.From the analysis,it is concluded that in Langcangjiang River Basin there is a great exploitation potential of water resources and hydropower.The paper also discussed the great positive effects of the ecology,economics and society after the Basin exploitation.Meanwhile,the negative effects of the hydro-project to the migration,construction and operation,especially to the aquatic,terrestrial and amphibian biological ecology are discussed.At last,it is advocated that the engineering and non-engineering measurements should be adopted to reduce the negative impacts of exploitations to the ecological environment and to realize the sustainable development of the Basin.
Based on the 45 years data series from 1956 to 2000,the water amount of resources in Langcang River Basin was evaluated,and the developing situation of water resources and the water quality condition in 2000 are analyzed.From the analysis,it is concluded that in Langcangjiang River Basin there is a great exploitation potential of water resources and hydropower.The paper also discussed the great positive effects of the ecology,economics and society after the Basin exploitation.Meanwhile,the negative effects of the hydro-project to the migration,construction and operation,especially to the aquatic,terrestrial and amphibian biological ecology are discussed.At last,it is advocated that the engineering and non-engineering measurements should be adopted to reduce the negative impacts of exploitations to the ecological environment and to realize the sustainable development of the Basin.
引文
[1]何大明,汤奇成.中国国际河流[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:165-193.
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[4]付保红,陈丽晖,朱彤.云南高山峡谷区大型水电站建设开发性移民研究——以漫湾、大朝山电站为例[J].地域研究与开发,2004,23(6):111-114.
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[8]尤联元.澜沧江流域河流泥沙发展趋势初步研究[J].地理学报,1999,54(增刊):94-99.
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[12]何舜平.澜沧江中上游鱼类生物多样性现状初报[J].云南地理环境研究,1999,11(1):26-30.
[13]何晓瑞,王忠泽.澜沧江漫湾电站水库地区两栖动物的考察研究[J].四川动物,1999,18(3):119-123.
[14]房春生,王菊,李伟峰,等.水利工程生态价值评价指标体系研究[J].环境科学动态.2002,(1):5-10.
[15]钱晓东,秦嘉政.澜沧江流域水电工程地区的环境剪应力及震源参数[J].地震研究,2005,28(1):64-70.
[16]李永莉,秦嘉政,董天禹,等.澜沧江漫湾电站水库诱发地震分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2004,25(3):51-57.
[2]http://www.hoodong.com/htmtoWordAction[EB].do?doc-id=200000498164
[3]刘恒,刘九夫,唐海行.澜沧江流域(云南段)水资源开发利用现状及趋势分析[J].水科学进展,1998,9(1):70-76.
[4]付保红,陈丽晖,朱彤.云南高山峡谷区大型水电站建设开发性移民研究——以漫湾、大朝山电站为例[J].地域研究与开发,2004,23(6):111-114.
[5]陈丽晖,何大明.澜沧江-湄公河水电梯级开发的生态影响[J].地理学报,2000,55(5):577-586.
[6]刘守杰,孙红光,刘星.试论水利工程梯级开发对生态环境的负面影响[J].森林工程,2003,19(2):15-16.
[7]王平,王金亮.云南澜沧江漫湾水电站库区河谷气候基本特征[J].云南师范大学学报.2002,22(6):57-61.
[8]尤联元.澜沧江流域河流泥沙发展趋势初步研究[J].地理学报,1999,54(增刊):94-99.
[9]王平,王金亮.漫湾水电站库区自然生态环境变化浅析[J].云南教育学院学报,1999,15(5):60-74.
[10]李英.澜沧江梯级水电站建设中亟待解决的几个环境问题[J].云南水力发电,1994,(1):11-12.
[11]程理民,吴江,张玉林.运筹学模型与方法教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000:67-92.
[12]何舜平.澜沧江中上游鱼类生物多样性现状初报[J].云南地理环境研究,1999,11(1):26-30.
[13]何晓瑞,王忠泽.澜沧江漫湾电站水库地区两栖动物的考察研究[J].四川动物,1999,18(3):119-123.
[14]房春生,王菊,李伟峰,等.水利工程生态价值评价指标体系研究[J].环境科学动态.2002,(1):5-10.
[15]钱晓东,秦嘉政.澜沧江流域水电工程地区的环境剪应力及震源参数[J].地震研究,2005,28(1):64-70.
[16]李永莉,秦嘉政,董天禹,等.澜沧江漫湾电站水库诱发地震分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2004,25(3):51-57.
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