裂缝各向异性油藏孔隙度和渗透率计算方法
摘要
裂缝性油藏介质由基质和有效裂缝组成。利用岩心分析、测井、地震、薄片分析等静态描述手段测试并计算了基质的孔隙度和渗透率,得到裂缝的宽度、密度和方位等参数。以油藏流体流动模型为基础,利用生产、试井、试采或试油数据求出油藏总渗透率,再结合裂缝参数确定裂缝系统的各向异性渗透率。采用随机裂缝模型,由裂缝渗透率和裂缝宽度计算得到裂缝孔隙度。该方法给出了裂缝和基质系统的渗透率与孔隙度间的定量关系,确定的参数分布合理而完善;考虑了油田各种基础资料数据采集的成本和可行性,具有经济、高效、实用的特点。该方法的应用较好地解决了辽河油田小22块火山岩裂缝性油藏预测模型难以建立的问题。
Fractured reservoirs media consist of matrix and effective fractures.The porosity and permeability of matrix,and the width,density and direction parameters of fractures were obtained by core analysis,well logging,seism and thin section observation methods.On the basis of reservoir fluid flow model,the assembled permeability of the formation was determined by well production,well testing,production test or formation testing data.By integrating formation permeability and fracture parameters above,the anisotropic permeability was calculated.Utilizing the stochastic fracture model,porosity of fracture system was determined from fracture width and permeability.Quantitative correlations among the permeability and porosity of fracture and matrix systems were provided.The permeability and porosity distributions given are valid and comprehensive.The cost and feasibility of collection of the basic data from field were considered,so the methodology is economical,practical and highly effective.By the application of the method in a volcanic reservoir of Xiao 22 in Liaohe Oilfield,the problems in reservoir modeling were resolved.
Fractured reservoirs media consist of matrix and effective fractures.The porosity and permeability of matrix,and the width,density and direction parameters of fractures were obtained by core analysis,well logging,seism and thin section observation methods.On the basis of reservoir fluid flow model,the assembled permeability of the formation was determined by well production,well testing,production test or formation testing data.By integrating formation permeability and fracture parameters above,the anisotropic permeability was calculated.Utilizing the stochastic fracture model,porosity of fracture system was determined from fracture width and permeability.Quantitative correlations among the permeability and porosity of fracture and matrix systems were provided.The permeability and porosity distributions given are valid and comprehensive.The cost and feasibility of collection of the basic data from field were considered,so the methodology is economical,practical and highly effective.By the application of the method in a volcanic reservoir of Xiao 22 in Liaohe Oilfield,the problems in reservoir modeling were resolved.
引文
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[2]LONG J C S.A model for steady state flow in randomthree-dimensional networks of disc-shaped fractures[J].Water Resources Research,1985,21(10):1 105-1 115.
[3]RICHARD G H,MARTIN J B.Pore-scale modeling ofmultiphase flow in fractures and matrix/fracture transfer[R].SPE 56411,1999.
[4]JOLLY R J H,WEI L,PINE R J.Stress-sensitive frac-ture-flow modelling in fractured reservoirs[R].SPE59042,2000.
[5]穆龙新.裂缝储层地质模型的建立[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(6):78-82.MU Long-xin.Establishment of the geological model offractured reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and De-velopment,1995,22(6):78-82.
[6]张吉昌,田国清,刘建中.储层构造裂缝的分形分析[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(4):65-67.ZHANG Ji-chang,TIAN Guo-qing,LIU Jian-zhong.Afractal analysis on structural fractures of reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1996,23(4):65-67.
[7]VAN Dijk J P.Analysis and modeling of fractured reservoirs[R].SPE 50570,1998.
[8]尹志军,黄述旺,陈崇河.用三维地震资料预测裂缝[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(1):78-80.YIN Zhi-jun,HUANG Shu-wang,CHEN Chong-he.Fracture determination by means of 3-dimensional seismicdata[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1999,26(1):78-80.
[9]FAIRHURST D L,MARFICE J P,SEIM M R,et al.Completion and fracture modeling of low-permeability gassands in south Texas enhanced by magnetic resonance andsound wave technology[R].SPE 59770,2000.
[10]RANMEY H J.Interference analysis for anisotropic for-mations—a case history[J].JPT,1975,27(10):25-29.
[11]聂立新,黄炳家,王才经.各向异性天然裂缝油藏裂缝方位的确定[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1997,21(6):39-41.NIE li-xin,HUANG Bing-jia,WANG Cai-jing.Deter-mination of orientation of the fractures in an anisotropicnaturally fractured reservoir[J].Journal of the Universi-ty of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),1997,21(6):39-41.
[12]张永贵,陈明强,吴莹.利用动态资料研究巴喀油田裂缝分布[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(5):68-71.ZHANG Yong-gui,CHEN Ming-qiang,WU Ying.In-tegrating dynamics data to characterize naturally frac-tured reservoir—a case study of Baka Oilfield[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,25(5):68-71.
[13]GURPINAR O,KALBUS J,LIST D F.Numericalmodeling of a large,naturally fractured oil complex[R].SPE 59061,2000.
[14]ABBASZADEH M,CORBETT C,BROETZ R,et al.Development of an integrated reservoir model for a natu-rally fractured volcanic reservoir in China[R].SPE59439,2000.
[15]孙业恒,时付庚,王成风,等.低渗透砂岩油藏储集层双孔双渗模型的建立方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):79-82.SUN Ye-heng,SHI Fu-geng,WANG Cheng-feng,etal.Modeling of dual-porosity and dual-permeability forlow-permeability sandstone reservoir[J].Petroleum Ex-ploration and Development,2004,31(4):79-82.
[16]GOLF-RACHT T D V.Fundamentals of fractured reser-voir engineering[M].New York:Elsevoir Scientific Pub-lishing Company,1982:31-50.
[17]郭仲衡.张量(理论和应用)[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:55-68.
[18]刘月田,葛家理.各向异性圆形地层渗流的解析解[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(2):40-43.LIU Yue-tian,GE Jia-li.Analytic solution for fluidflow through a circular anisotropic formation[J].Jour-nal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition ofNatural Science),2000,24(2):40-43.
[19]刘月田.各向异性油藏水平井渗流和产能分析[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(4):41-47.LIU Yue-tian.Analysis on seepage flow and productivi-ty of a horizontal well in anisotropic reservoir[J].Jour-nal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition ofNatural Science),2002,26(4):41-47.
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