雅砻江锦屏一级水电站坝址区实测地应力与重大工程地质问题分析
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摘要
本文对雅砻江锦屏一级水电站坝址区Ⅱ1-Ⅱ1及其前后剖面实测地应力进行了系统整理分析。分析结果表明:在相同的水平和垂直埋深条件下左岸坡角应力大小较右岸坡角小,这主要是由边坡岩体结构确定的;左岸导流洞开挖过程中在应力大小较右岸低的情况下出现坍塌工程地质问题也与左岸边坡岩体结构有关,而非岩爆等诱发。另外对左岸岩体深部裂缝在已有研究成果的基础上从应力集中、能量积累角度初步提出了新的边坡变形破坏方式,并从岩体结构和地应力大小方面对锦屏一级水电站工程建设过程中左、右岸应注意的工程地质问题提出了初步建议。
This paper has systematicly managed and analysized the in-situ crustal stress measurements around the Ⅱ1~Ⅱ1 section at the dam site of Jinping first suage hydropower station.The results show that the geo-stress magnitudes at the right abutment slope foot are bigger than the ones at the left abutment slope foot at nearly same horizontal and vertical burying depths,which is controlled by rock mass constitution,and that the collapse engineering geology problem in the process of left abutment slope water diversion tunnelling at this crustal stress conditions is also related to the left abutment slope rock mass constitution,but not caused by rockbursts and so on.In addition,on the basis of all existed research achievements on deep fractures in the left abutment slope,a new model from geo-stress and strain energy enconcentrations is given to explain the deep fissures,and some suggestions on the possible engineering geology issues from rock mass constitution and geo-stress magnitudes are also given to pay much attention on the both abutment slopes in the hydropower station construction.
This paper has systematicly managed and analysized the in-situ crustal stress measurements around the Ⅱ1~Ⅱ1 section at the dam site of Jinping first suage hydropower station.The results show that the geo-stress magnitudes at the right abutment slope foot are bigger than the ones at the left abutment slope foot at nearly same horizontal and vertical burying depths,which is controlled by rock mass constitution,and that the collapse engineering geology problem in the process of left abutment slope water diversion tunnelling at this crustal stress conditions is also related to the left abutment slope rock mass constitution,but not caused by rockbursts and so on.In addition,on the basis of all existed research achievements on deep fractures in the left abutment slope,a new model from geo-stress and strain energy enconcentrations is given to explain the deep fissures,and some suggestions on the possible engineering geology issues from rock mass constitution and geo-stress magnitudes are also given to pay much attention on the both abutment slopes in the hydropower station construction.
引文
[1]黄润秋.中国西部岩石高边坡应力场特征及其卸荷破裂机理[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(suppl.):7~13.Huang Runqiu.Geo-stress distribution and unloading fracturingmechanism of high rock slopes in western part of China.Journal ofEngineering Geology,2004,12(suppl.):7~13.
[2]王士天,黄润秋,李渝生.雅砻江锦屏水电站重大工程地质问题研究[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.Wang Shitian,Huang Runqiu,Li Yusheng.Research on the ma-jor engineering geology issues of Jiping hydropower station on theYalongjiang River.Chengdu:Chengdu Technology UniversityPress,1995.
[3]祁生文,伍法权,兰恒星.锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟左岸深部裂缝成因的工程地质分析[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(5):596~599.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Lan Hengxing.Study on the mecha-nism of the deep fracture s of the left abutment slope at the Jinpingfirst stage hydropower station.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical En-gineering,2002,24(5):596~599.
[4]祁生文,伍法权.锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟左岸深部裂缝变形模式[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6):817~820.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan.Deep fracture deformation models ofpusiluogou left abutment slope at Jinping first stage hydropower sta-tion.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(6):817~820.
[5]祁生文,伍法权,丁振明,刘彤.从工程地质类比的角度看锦屏一级水电站左岸深部裂缝的形成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,24(8):1380~1384.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Ding Zhenming,Liu Tong.Study onmechanism of deep fractures of Jinping first stage hydropower sta-tion by engineering geology analogy.Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1380~1384.
[6]宗仁怀.锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟坝址深拉裂形成机理的数值模拟[J].水电站设计,1996,12(1):73~79.Zong Renhuai.Numerical simulation on mechanism of the deepfissures at the Pushiluogou damsite of Jinping first stage hydropow-er station.Hydropower Design,1996,12(1):73~79.
[7]徐佩华,陈剑平,黄润秋,严明.雅砻江河谷下切三维数值模拟分析—解放沟模型应力场分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(2):209~212.Xu Peihua,Chen Jianping,Huang Runqiu,Yan min.3D numeri-cal simulation analysis of yalongjiang valley stress field-analysisof Jiefanggou model.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science E-dition),2003,33(2):209~212.
[8]安关峰,伍法权.锦屏水电站左坝肩岩体深卸荷带成因分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(2):300~303.An Guanfeng,Wu Faquan.Formation cause analysis of deep un-loaded band of rock mass in left damshoulder of Jinping hydropow-er station.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(2):300~303.
[9]朱焕春,陶振宇,黄德凡.河谷走向与河谷地应力分布[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,14(1):17~24.Zhu Huanchun,Tao Zhenyu,Huang Defan.The direction of val-ley and its geostress distribution.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,1995,14(1):17~24.
[10]胡斌,张倬元,陶连金.某深切河谷区地应力场的变化特征分析[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(2):110~115.Hu Bin,Zhang Zhuoyuan,Tao Lianjin.Analysis of geostressfield variable features in some deep cutting gorge area.World In-formation on Earthquake Engineering,2001,17(2):110~115.
[11]田玉中,李攀峰.两种典型河谷应力场应力分布特征对比分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2002,13(3):60~63.Tian Yuzhong,Li Panfeng.Contrast and analysis on stress distri-bution features of the stress fields in two typical valleys.Geolog-ical Hazards and Environments Protection,2002,13(3):60~63.
[12]陈庆宣,王维襄,孙叶等.岩石力学与构造应力场分析[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.Chen Qingxuan,Wang Weixiang,Sun Ye et al.Rock mechanicsand tectonic stress field analysis.Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1998.
[13]谭成轩,孙炜锋,孙叶,王连捷.地应力测量及其地下工程应用的思考[J].地质学报,2006,80(10):1627~1632.Tan Chengxuan,Sun Weifeng,Sun Ye,Wang Lianjie.A con-sideration on in-situ crustal stress measuring and its under-ground engineering application.Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(10):1627~1632.
[14]Tan Chengxuan,Wang Ruijiang,Sun Ye et al.Numerical mod-eling estimation of the tectonic stress plane'(TSP)beneath topog-raphy with quasi-U-shaped valleys.International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(2):303~310.
[15]李世雄,李守定,郜洪强.河北平原地裂缝分布特征及成因机制研究[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(2):178~183.Li Shixiong,Li Shouding,Hao Hongqiang.The distribution char-acters and origin mechanics of ground fissures hazard in Hebeiplain.Jouranl of Engineering Geology,2006,14(2):178~183.
[2]王士天,黄润秋,李渝生.雅砻江锦屏水电站重大工程地质问题研究[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.Wang Shitian,Huang Runqiu,Li Yusheng.Research on the ma-jor engineering geology issues of Jiping hydropower station on theYalongjiang River.Chengdu:Chengdu Technology UniversityPress,1995.
[3]祁生文,伍法权,兰恒星.锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟左岸深部裂缝成因的工程地质分析[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(5):596~599.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Lan Hengxing.Study on the mecha-nism of the deep fracture s of the left abutment slope at the Jinpingfirst stage hydropower station.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical En-gineering,2002,24(5):596~599.
[4]祁生文,伍法权.锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟左岸深部裂缝变形模式[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6):817~820.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan.Deep fracture deformation models ofpusiluogou left abutment slope at Jinping first stage hydropower sta-tion.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(6):817~820.
[5]祁生文,伍法权,丁振明,刘彤.从工程地质类比的角度看锦屏一级水电站左岸深部裂缝的形成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,24(8):1380~1384.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Ding Zhenming,Liu Tong.Study onmechanism of deep fractures of Jinping first stage hydropower sta-tion by engineering geology analogy.Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1380~1384.
[6]宗仁怀.锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟坝址深拉裂形成机理的数值模拟[J].水电站设计,1996,12(1):73~79.Zong Renhuai.Numerical simulation on mechanism of the deepfissures at the Pushiluogou damsite of Jinping first stage hydropow-er station.Hydropower Design,1996,12(1):73~79.
[7]徐佩华,陈剑平,黄润秋,严明.雅砻江河谷下切三维数值模拟分析—解放沟模型应力场分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(2):209~212.Xu Peihua,Chen Jianping,Huang Runqiu,Yan min.3D numeri-cal simulation analysis of yalongjiang valley stress field-analysisof Jiefanggou model.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science E-dition),2003,33(2):209~212.
[8]安关峰,伍法权.锦屏水电站左坝肩岩体深卸荷带成因分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(2):300~303.An Guanfeng,Wu Faquan.Formation cause analysis of deep un-loaded band of rock mass in left damshoulder of Jinping hydropow-er station.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(2):300~303.
[9]朱焕春,陶振宇,黄德凡.河谷走向与河谷地应力分布[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,14(1):17~24.Zhu Huanchun,Tao Zhenyu,Huang Defan.The direction of val-ley and its geostress distribution.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,1995,14(1):17~24.
[10]胡斌,张倬元,陶连金.某深切河谷区地应力场的变化特征分析[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(2):110~115.Hu Bin,Zhang Zhuoyuan,Tao Lianjin.Analysis of geostressfield variable features in some deep cutting gorge area.World In-formation on Earthquake Engineering,2001,17(2):110~115.
[11]田玉中,李攀峰.两种典型河谷应力场应力分布特征对比分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2002,13(3):60~63.Tian Yuzhong,Li Panfeng.Contrast and analysis on stress distri-bution features of the stress fields in two typical valleys.Geolog-ical Hazards and Environments Protection,2002,13(3):60~63.
[12]陈庆宣,王维襄,孙叶等.岩石力学与构造应力场分析[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.Chen Qingxuan,Wang Weixiang,Sun Ye et al.Rock mechanicsand tectonic stress field analysis.Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1998.
[13]谭成轩,孙炜锋,孙叶,王连捷.地应力测量及其地下工程应用的思考[J].地质学报,2006,80(10):1627~1632.Tan Chengxuan,Sun Weifeng,Sun Ye,Wang Lianjie.A con-sideration on in-situ crustal stress measuring and its under-ground engineering application.Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(10):1627~1632.
[14]Tan Chengxuan,Wang Ruijiang,Sun Ye et al.Numerical mod-eling estimation of the tectonic stress plane'(TSP)beneath topog-raphy with quasi-U-shaped valleys.International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(2):303~310.
[15]李世雄,李守定,郜洪强.河北平原地裂缝分布特征及成因机制研究[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(2):178~183.Li Shixiong,Li Shouding,Hao Hongqiang.The distribution char-acters and origin mechanics of ground fissures hazard in Hebeiplain.Jouranl of Engineering Geology,2006,14(2):178~183.
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