一种岩体工程黏性流动变形预测的新方法
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摘要
为了对岩体工程的黏性流动变形进行预测,依据弹性问题位移分量的古萨(Goursat)表达式和弹-黏弹性比拟原理推导相对位移矢量增量公式,并建立变形预报模型,给出变形预报的方法步骤。该方法不是直接求出真实的时间、介质物性参数以及边界条件的值,而是求出一组组合值,通过相对位移矢量增量公式进行预测。无需复杂的应力边界和位移边界条件,能够考虑岩体介质的本构特征,实现长期的两维变形预报。然后将其应用到具有黏弹性解析解的边坡算例中,结果表明:短期预报的精度较高,误差小于10%,长期预报时误差约为23%。最后,结合边坡开挖讨论这一方法的工程适用性,为岩体工程黏性流动的长期两维变形预报提供理论基础和实用方法。
Aimed at viscoelastic deformation prediction in rock engineering,an incremental formula of relative displacement is deduced based on Goursat expression of elastic displacement and elasticity-viscoelasticity analogy principle,and a deformation predicting model with methods and steps is proposed. It does not need the true values of time,boundary condition and physical property parameters of the rock mass,but obtains a group of combination values. The proposed method considering constitutive character of the rock mass can predict two-dimensional long-term deformation without stress and displacement boundary conditions. Then,it is applied to slope engineering,in which the comparison between predicted and measured deformation indicates that the method has high short-term prediction precision with error smaller than 10%,while the error is about 23% in the long-term prediction. At last,the engineering applicability of the method is discussed by an example of slope excavation which provides theoretical foundation and practical method for predicting two-dimensional long-term visco-elastic deformation of rock engineering.
Aimed at viscoelastic deformation prediction in rock engineering,an incremental formula of relative displacement is deduced based on Goursat expression of elastic displacement and elasticity-viscoelasticity analogy principle,and a deformation predicting model with methods and steps is proposed. It does not need the true values of time,boundary condition and physical property parameters of the rock mass,but obtains a group of combination values. The proposed method considering constitutive character of the rock mass can predict two-dimensional long-term deformation without stress and displacement boundary conditions. Then,it is applied to slope engineering,in which the comparison between predicted and measured deformation indicates that the method has high short-term prediction precision with error smaller than 10%,while the error is about 23% in the long-term prediction. At last,the engineering applicability of the method is discussed by an example of slope excavation which provides theoretical foundation and practical method for predicting two-dimensional long-term visco-elastic deformation of rock engineering.
引文
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[15]薛琳.岩体粘弹性力学模型的判定定理与应用[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(5):1–10.(XUE Lin.Theorem of identification for viscoelastic model of the rock mass and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(5):1–10.(in Chinese))
[16]吕爱钟,张路青.地下隧洞力学分析的复变函数方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(LU Aizhong,ZHANG Luqing.Complex variable function method for underground engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[17]陈子荫.围岩力学中的解析方法[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994.(CHEN Ziyin.Analytic methods of surrounding rock mechanics[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese))
[18]薛琳,王在泉,王思敬.具有水平表面岩土斜坡黏弹性位移解析解[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):950–954.(XUE Lin,WANG Zaiquan,WANG Sijing.Analytic solution of visco-elastic displacement for horizontal surface slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):950–954.(in Chinese))
[2]杨志法,王思敬,冯紫良,等.岩土工程反分析原理及应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2002.(YANG Zhifa,WANG Sijing,FENG Ziliang,et al.Principles and application about inverse analysis of displacement in geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[3]吕爱钟,蒋斌松.岩石力学反问题[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1998.(LU Aizhong,JIANG Binsong.Back problems of rock mechanics[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1998.(in Chinese))
[4]陈子荫.时间序列分析——一种预报岩体力学行为的可能途径[J].岩土工程学报,1991,13(4):87–95.(CHEN Ziyin.Time seriesanalysis:practicable method of predicting mechanical behavior of rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1991,13(4):87–95.(in Chinese))
[5]杨成祥,冯夏庭,刘红亮,等.非线性位移时间序列分析模型的进化识别[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2004,25(5):497–500.(YANG Chengxiang,FENG Xiating,LIU Hongliang,et al.Evolutionary identification of analysis model for nonlinear displacement time series[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2004,25(5):497–500.(in Chinese))
[6]杨成祥,冯夏庭.滑坡非线性演化行为的自组织进化识别[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):911–914.(YANG Chengxiang,FENG Xiating.Evolutionary self-organizing identification of nonlinear dynamics of landslides[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):911–914.(in Chinese))
[7]黄志全,樊敬亮,王思敬.混沌时间序列预测的局域法在边坡变形分析中的应用[J].工程地质学报,2005,13(2):252–256.(HUANG Zhiquan,FAN Jingliang,WANG Sijing.A prediction method of chaotic time series for slope deformation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2005,13(2):252–256.(in Chinese))
[8]刘华明,齐欢,蔡志强.滑坡预测的非线性混沌模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):434–437.(LIU Huaming,QI Huan,CAI Zhiqiang.Nonlinear chaotic model of landslide forecasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(3):434–437.(in Chinese))
[9]黄铭,刘俊,葛修润.边坡开挖期实测位移的分解与合成预测[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):1320–1323.(HUANG Ming,LIU Jun,GE Xiurun.Prediction of resolution and composition of measured displacement during slope excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(8):1320–1323.(in Chinese))
[10]王永岩,苏荣华.软岩巷道开巷初期围岩变形灰色模型预测的研究[J].应用力学学报,2001,18(2):41–48.(WANG Yongyan,SU Ronghua.Prediction research of using gray model for the deformation of the soft rock around tunnels in the initial period of tunnel excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2001,18(2):41–48.(in Chinese))
[11]赵洪波,冯夏庭.非线性位移时间序列预测的进化–支持向量机方法及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(4):468–471.(ZHAO Hongbo,FENG Xiating.Study and application of genetic-support vector machine for nonlinear displacement time series forecasting[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(4):468–471.(in Chinese))
[12]赵洪波.支持向量机在隧道围岩变形预测中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(4):649–652.(ZHAO Hongbo.Predicting the surrounding deformations of tunnel using support vector machine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(4):649–652.(in Chinese))
[13]王国辉,马莉,杨腾峰,等.最小方差预测法预测岩土工程变形[J].中国有色金属学报,2001,11(1):162–166.(WANG Guohui,MA Li,YANG Tengfeng,et al.Forecasting geotechnical engineering distortion with least square error forecasting method[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2001,11(1):162–166.(in Chinese))
[14]邓聚龙.灰色预测与灰决策[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002.(Deng Julong.Grey forecasting and grey decision[M].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[15]薛琳.岩体粘弹性力学模型的判定定理与应用[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(5):1–10.(XUE Lin.Theorem of identification for viscoelastic model of the rock mass and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(5):1–10.(in Chinese))
[16]吕爱钟,张路青.地下隧洞力学分析的复变函数方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(LU Aizhong,ZHANG Luqing.Complex variable function method for underground engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[17]陈子荫.围岩力学中的解析方法[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994.(CHEN Ziyin.Analytic methods of surrounding rock mechanics[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese))
[18]薛琳,王在泉,王思敬.具有水平表面岩土斜坡黏弹性位移解析解[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):950–954.(XUE Lin,WANG Zaiquan,WANG Sijing.Analytic solution of visco-elastic displacement for horizontal surface slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):950–954.(in Chinese))
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