爆炸应力波对新浇混凝土衬砌的影响研究
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摘要
爆炸应力波作用下新浇混凝土衬砌的破坏模式及安全振动速度是水电、铁道工程隧洞建设中需要解决的重要问题。根据弹性P波及SV波在介质中的传播规律,讨论了P波及SV波在薄层混凝土衬砌中的传播及近似处理方法,依照莫尔-库仑准则、极限拉应力准则、极限拉应变准则,研究了爆炸应力波作用下新混凝土衬砌的破坏模式及安全振动速度。结果表明,入射应力波及衬砌中的折射波对衬砌的破坏作用最主要,折射波在衬砌内产生的反、折射波将降低衬砌中的应力,具有卸载效果;混凝土衬砌的安全振动速度随着龄期的增大而增大,P波入射时,安全振动速度随着入射角的增大而增大,入射角较大时,胶结面容易发生剪切破坏,较小时,容易发生拉伸破坏,SV波入射时,较小角度下容易发生剪切破坏,较大角度时容易发生拉伸破坏;围岩弹性模量越高,衬砌的安全振动速度越小。
The failure model of young concrete lining and its safety vibration velocity under explosive loading are important problems in hydroelectric and railway engineering.According to the characteristics of the propagation of elastic P wave and SV wave,the P wave and SV wave transmitting in folium concrete lining and their approximately research method were analyzed.Based on Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion,limiting tensile stress and limiting tensile strain strength criterion,the failure model and safety vibration velocity of young concrete lining under explosive loading were studied.The results indicate that the incident stress wave and refractive wave in the lining is the most dangerous to the concrete lining.The reflecting wave produced at the lining interface will decrease the stress in the lining and has an uninstall effect.The safety vibration velocity of lining increases with the rise of the concrete age.Under the effect of P wave,the safety vibration velocity increases with the accretion of the angle of incidence,the shear failure is easy to take place at a big angle of incidence,and the tensile failure is easy to take place at a small angle of incidence.Under the effect of SV wave,the shear failure is easy to take place at a small angle,but tensile failure will appear in a big angle.The higher modulus of elasticity of the surrounding rock is,the lower safety vibration velocity of concrete lining is.
The failure model of young concrete lining and its safety vibration velocity under explosive loading are important problems in hydroelectric and railway engineering.According to the characteristics of the propagation of elastic P wave and SV wave,the P wave and SV wave transmitting in folium concrete lining and their approximately research method were analyzed.Based on Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion,limiting tensile stress and limiting tensile strain strength criterion,the failure model and safety vibration velocity of young concrete lining under explosive loading were studied.The results indicate that the incident stress wave and refractive wave in the lining is the most dangerous to the concrete lining.The reflecting wave produced at the lining interface will decrease the stress in the lining and has an uninstall effect.The safety vibration velocity of lining increases with the rise of the concrete age.Under the effect of P wave,the safety vibration velocity increases with the accretion of the angle of incidence,the shear failure is easy to take place at a big angle of incidence,and the tensile failure is easy to take place at a small angle of incidence.Under the effect of SV wave,the shear failure is easy to take place at a small angle,but tensile failure will appear in a big angle.The higher modulus of elasticity of the surrounding rock is,the lower safety vibration velocity of concrete lining is.
引文
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[11](美)阿肯巴赫J D.弹性固体中的波的传播[M].徐植信,洪锦如译.上海:同济大学出版社,1992.
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[15]中国工程爆炸协会.GB6722-2003爆破安全况程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
[2]LOFCHER R D,A method for the study of failuremechanism in cylindrical rock cavity due to diffraction ofa pressure wave[D].Massachusetts Institutes of Tech-nology,Cambridge:Massachussetts,1962.
[3]MOW C C,CARRIER,G F,PERALTA,L A.Anapproximate procedure for the solution of a class oftransient wave diffraction problems[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1966,33:168-172.
[4]LIU D K,GAI B Z,Tao G Y.Applications of the methodof complex function to dynamic stress concentration[J].Wave Motion,1982,1982,(4):293-304.
[5]李宁,陈蕴生.爆振对衬砌损伤特性影响的室内试验研究[J].工程爆破,1996,2(2):6-10LI Ning CHEN Yun-sheng HAN Xuan.Lab test ondamage behavior of the tunnel lining under blastingload[J].Engineering Blasting,1996,2(2):6-10.
[6]陈蕴生,李宁,吕强.混凝土衬砌的爆振模拟试验研究[J].西安理工大学学报,1996,12(1):47-51CHEN Yun-sheng,LI Ning,LU Qiang.The concretelined blasting vibration simulation test[J].Journal of Xi′an University of Technology,1996,12(1):47-51.
[7]史文谱,刘殿魁,林宏,等.半无限空间中稳态P波在衬砌周围的散射[J].地震工程与工程学报,2002,22(3):19-25.SHI Wen-pu,LIU Diai-rkui,LIN Hong.et al.Scatteringof steady P wave around a circular lining in half space[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(3):19-25.
[8]易长平.爆破振动对地下洞室的影响研究[博士学位论文D].武汉:武汉大学,2005
[9]史守峡,刘殿魁,杨庆山.SH波对内含裂纹衬砌结构的散射及动应力集中[J].爆炸与冲击,2000,20(3):228-234.SHI Shou-xia,LIU Dian-kui,YANG Qing-shan.Dnamicstress concentration and scattering of SH wave by Liningwith crack and its interaction[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(4):291-296.
[10]王海亮,冯长根,王丽琼,等.爆炸衬砌试验研究[J].爆炸与冲击.2001,21(4):291-296.WANG Hai-liang,FENG Chang-gene,WANG Li-qiong.The experimental investigation on explosive lining[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(4):291-296.
[11](美)阿肯巴赫J D.弹性固体中的波的传播[M].徐植信,洪锦如译.上海:同济大学出版社,1992.
[12]徐仲达.地震波理论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997
[13]张有天、周维垣.岩石高边坡的变形与稳定[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.
[14]陈明,卢文波.新浇大坝基础混凝土爆破安全振动速度研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2004,37(1):6-10.CHEN Ming,LU Wen-bo.Research on safety vibrationvelocity for freshly mixed concrete of dam foundationunder blasting vibration[J].Engineering of Wuhan University,2004,37(1):6-10.
[15]中国工程爆炸协会.GB6722-2003爆破安全况程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
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