汶川地震断裂带附近建筑物的灾害效应模拟研究
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摘要
位于汶川地震破裂带附近的汶川水磨镇硅业公司厂房在地震中产生了独特的破坏现象。根据现场调查和测绘资料,建立了二维有限元模型,进行了断裂带附近建筑物灾害效应的数值模拟。模拟结果很好地解释了厂房在地震中产生的独特破坏现象的机理。研究表明,断层的形成改变了局部的应力场条件和加速度特征,从而使位于断层上盘的楼房发生差异性破坏,紧邻断层一侧破坏强烈。地震时楼体主梁的破坏是轴向应力和剪应力同时作用造成的。
Particular destroy phenomena occurred in the main building of Shuimo Silicon Company near the fault produced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.On the basis of site investigation,twodimensioanl finite element model is set up,and the hazard effect of a building caused by the faulting is simulated.The simulation result may be used to explain the mechanism for the formarion of the particular destroy phenomena of the building during the earthquake.It is thought that the formation of fault altered the local stress field and acceleration,thus led to the differential destroy of the building at the hanging wall of the fault which is characetrized by the stronger destroy near the fault.The destroy of the main beam is caused by the co-action of axial stress and shear stress.
Particular destroy phenomena occurred in the main building of Shuimo Silicon Company near the fault produced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.On the basis of site investigation,twodimensioanl finite element model is set up,and the hazard effect of a building caused by the faulting is simulated.The simulation result may be used to explain the mechanism for the formarion of the particular destroy phenomena of the building during the earthquake.It is thought that the formation of fault altered the local stress field and acceleration,thus led to the differential destroy of the building at the hanging wall of the fault which is characetrized by the stronger destroy near the fault.The destroy of the main beam is caused by the co-action of axial stress and shear stress.
引文
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[2]Somerville P G.Seismic hazard evaluation[C]//Proceedings of12th World Congress of Earthquake Engineering.Auckaland:New Zealand Earthquake Commision,2000:1～16.
[3]Wang G Q,Zhou X Y,Zhang P Z,et al.Characteristics of amplitude and duration for near fault strong ground mot ion from the1999Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(1):73～96.
[4]Bray J D,Rodriguez-M arek A.Characterizat ion of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(5):815～828.
[5]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):1～10.LIU Qi-fang,YUAN Yi-fan,JIN Xing,et al.Basic characteristics of near-fault ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(1):1～10.
[6]杨迪雄,赵岩,李刚.近断层地震动运动特征对长周期结构地震响应的影响分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(2):33～40.YANG Di-xiong,ZHAO Yan,LI Gang.Influence analysis of motion characteristics of near-fault ground motions on seismic responses of long-period structures[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2007,27(2):33～40.
[7]吴珍汉,张作辰.汶川8级地震地质灾害的类型及实例[J].地质学报,2008,82(12):1747～1752.WU Zhen-han,ZHANG Zuo-chen.Types of seismic and geological hazards caused by the Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(12):1747～1752.
[8]谢洪,王士革,孔纪名.“5.12”汶川地震次生山地灾害的分布与特点[J].山地学报,2008,26(4):396～401.XIE Hong,WANG Shi-ge,KONG Ji-ming.Distribution and characteristics of mountain hazards induced by the earthquake on May12in Wenchuan,China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(4):396～401.
[9]王连捷,崔军文,周春景,等.汶川5.12地震发震机理的数值模拟[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):105～113.WANG Lian-jie,CUI Jun-wen,ZHOU Chun-jing,et al.Numerical modeling for Wenchuan earthquake mechanism[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):105～113.
[10]张永双,石菊松,孙萍,等.汶川地震内外动力耦合及灾害实例[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):131～141.ZHANG Yong-shuang,SHI Ju-song,SUN Ping,et al.Coupling between endogenic and exogenic geological processes in the Wenchuan earthquake and example analysis of geo-hazards[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):131～141.
[11]谭成轩,孙叶,吴树仁,等.5.12汶川Ms8.0大地震后关于我国区域地壳稳定性评价的思考[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):142～150.TAN Cheng-xuan,SUN Ye,WU Shu-ren,et al.A consideration on regional crustal stability assessment after Ms8.0 Wenchuan strong earthquake in China[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):142～150.
[12]侯康明,李丽梅,黄耘.汶川8级大震震害特征和发震断裂运动方式探讨[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(3):88～93.HOU Kang-ming,LI Li-mei,HUANG Yun.Discussion on the characteristics of earthquake disaster and the movement mode of seismogenic fault of the Wenchuan Ms8.0extraordinary earthquake occurrence in Sichuan Province[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2008,28(3):88～93.
[13]周荣军,黄润秋,雷建成,等.四川汶川8.0级地震地表破裂与震害特点[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2173～2183.ZHOU Rong-jun,HUANG Run-qiu,LEI Jian-cheng,et al.Surface rupture and hazard characteristics of Wenchaun earthquake with magnitude8.0in Sichaun Province[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(11):2173～2183.
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