尺寸效应对砂砾料动力变形特性的影响试验研究
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摘要
饱和砂砾料动力特性是土石坝工程中的难点问题之一,由于试验仪器、费用等原因,在动三轴试验时多把砂砾料中的大颗粒剔除,导致试样试验结果与实际坝体砂砾料的性质存在尺寸效应。对不同直径的试样进行动三轴试验,分析对比不同直径砂砾料的动力变形特性的尺寸效应。结果表明,砂砾料的动力变形存在"拐点粒径"效应,小直径试样的动应变规律类似松砂;大直径试样的动应变发展与密砂类似;不同直径试样的往返剪应力相差较大,因此,必须考虑尺寸效应对砂砾料动力变形特性影响,其对于砂粒料动力反应的数值分析具有重要意义。
Sandy-gravel material was considered as materials which have high anti-liquefaction strength be-cause it’s high hydraulic permeability and have coarse grain.The big grain in the sandy-gravel often rejected when the cyclic test was carried out due to the restriction of the equipments and cost.The cyclic tests were carried out for the samples with the different diameters respectively.The results show that the extremely distinct size effect of sand-gravel material exists among the dynamic strain of different diameter samples.So,it is necessary to consider the size effect of dynamic deformation of sandy-gravel material.Which has a important significance for the numeri-cal analysis on dynamic reaction of sandy-gravel material.
Sandy-gravel material was considered as materials which have high anti-liquefaction strength be-cause it’s high hydraulic permeability and have coarse grain.The big grain in the sandy-gravel often rejected when the cyclic test was carried out due to the restriction of the equipments and cost.The cyclic tests were carried out for the samples with the different diameters respectively.The results show that the extremely distinct size effect of sand-gravel material exists among the dynamic strain of different diameter samples.So,it is necessary to consider the size effect of dynamic deformation of sandy-gravel material.Which has a important significance for the numeri-cal analysis on dynamic reaction of sandy-gravel material.
引文
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[2]郭庆国.粗粒土的工程特性及应用[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1998.
[3]谢定义.土动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1988.
[4]Evans Mark D,Seed H Bolton,Seed Raymond B.Membrane Compliance and Liquefaction of Sluiced GravelSpecimens[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,118(6):856-872.
[5]郦能惠,朱铁,米占宽.小浪底坝过渡料的强度与变形特性及缩尺效应[J].水电能源科学,2001,19(2):39-42.
[6]简连贵,张上君,胡渊南.初始剪应力对外海回填土壤动态特性之影响[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(4):420-426.
[7]张克昌,汪友平.含泥砂砾石的强度特性[J].岩土工程学报,1985,7(6):51-59.
[8]Indraratna B,Ionescu D,Christie H D.Shear Behavior ofRailway Ballast Based on Large-scale Triaxial Tests[J].Journal of Geotechnical&Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998,124(5):439-448.
[9]刘萌成,高玉峰,刘汉龙,等.粗粒料大三轴试验研究进展[J].岩土力学,2002,23(2):217-221.
[10]魏松,朱俊高.粗粒料三轴湿化颗粒破碎试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(6):1252-1258.
[11]王继庄.粗粒料的变形特性和缩尺效应[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(4):89-95.
[12]王昆耀,常亚屏,陈宁.饱和砂砾料液化特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2000(2):37-41.
[13]常亚屏,王昆耀,陈宁.关于一个饱和砂砾料液化性状的试验研究[C]//第五届全国土动力学学术会议文集.大连:大连理工大学出版社,1998:161-166.
[14]付磊,王洪瑾,周景星.主应力偏转角对砂砾料动力特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(4):435-440.
[15]王爱萍,耿晔,金锦,等.张峰水库堆石坝料的动力特性研究[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2005,26(3):16-18.
[16]Taniguchi E,Whitman R V,Marr WA.Prediction ofEarthquake Induced Deformation of Earth Dams[J].Soilsand Foundations,1983,23(4):126-132.
[17]贾革续,孔宪京.粗粒土动残余变形特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):26-30.
[18]沈珠江,徐刚.堆石料的动力变形特性[J].水利水运科学研究,1996(2):143-150.
[19]王昆耀,常亚屏,陈宁.往返荷载下粗粒土的残余变形特性[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(3):48-52.
[20]SL 237—054—1999土工试验规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[21]钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996.
[22]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
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