重力场匹配导航的全张量重力梯度基准图模拟
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摘要
针对目前重力场匹配导航研究的需要,提出了一种计算机模拟全张量重力梯度基准图的方法,可利用地形高程数据模拟计算局部地区的重力梯度数字地图。该方法从扰动重力梯度的原理出发,分析了地形起伏对重力梯度场的影响,并提出以立方体为地形单元模型,积分计算测量点附近的地形对测量点重力梯度各个分量值的扰动影响。在此基础上模拟格网式测量,从而得到较高分辨率的全张量重力梯度数字地图。仿真实验表明,这种方法计算所得的重力梯度基准图可以精确到10-2～10-1E,相对误差为8.27%,并且存在大量的细节纹理,有着较好的导航应用前景。与实测数据的对比分析说明,所得的重力梯度基准图基本符合实测数据的特性,所提出的方法可以作为一种有效的全张量重力梯度基准图模拟的方法。
A novel method of modelling full-tensor gravity gradient maps with computers was proposed for the requirement of current gravity matching navigation, and it could be used to calculate local gravity gradient maps from digital terrain data.Beginning with the theory of gravity gradient, the full-tensor gradient field anomalies from terrain fluctuation was analyzed, the cubic terrain blocks model was used, then with integral equations, every tensor anomalies from around terrain fluctuation could be calculated at the measure point.Based on it, gridding measurement should be simulated to obtain high-resolution full-tensor gravity gradient maps.The simulation tests and analysis show that, the gravity gradient maps gained with this method have a 10-2～10-1E precision, 8.27% comparative error, besides, a lot of detail and texture in the maps appears nice applicative potential in navigation.The contrast between the maps and the actual data illuminates that the both are ultimately accord with each other, thus the method presented is effective on modelling full-tensor gravity gradient maps.
A novel method of modelling full-tensor gravity gradient maps with computers was proposed for the requirement of current gravity matching navigation, and it could be used to calculate local gravity gradient maps from digital terrain data.Beginning with the theory of gravity gradient, the full-tensor gradient field anomalies from terrain fluctuation was analyzed, the cubic terrain blocks model was used, then with integral equations, every tensor anomalies from around terrain fluctuation could be calculated at the measure point.Based on it, gridding measurement should be simulated to obtain high-resolution full-tensor gravity gradient maps.The simulation tests and analysis show that, the gravity gradient maps gained with this method have a 10-2～10-1E precision, 8.27% comparative error, besides, a lot of detail and texture in the maps appears nice applicative potential in navigation.The contrast between the maps and the actual data illuminates that the both are ultimately accord with each other, thus the method presented is effective on modelling full-tensor gravity gradient maps.
引文
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[22]Pan American Center for Earth and Environmental Studies:Gravity and Magnetic Dataset Repository[DB/OL].(2008-02-10)[2008-06-03].http://irpsrvgis00.utep.edu/repositorywebsite/
[2]Hays K M,Schmidt R G,Wilson W A,et al.A Submarine Navigator for the21st Century[C]//Position Location and Navigation Symposium,IEEE PLANS2002.USA:IEEE,15-18April2002:179-188.
[3]Vajda S,Zorn A.Survey of Existing and Emerging Technologies for Strategic Submarine Navigation[C]//Position Location and Navigation Symposium,IEEE PLANS1998.USA:IEEE,20-23April1998:309-315.
[4]Moryl J,Rice H,Shinners S.The Universal Gravity Module for Enhanced Submarine Navigation[C]//Position Location and Navigation Symposium,IEEE PLANS1998.USA:IEEE,20-23April1998:324-331.
[5]Zhang Feizhou,Chen Xiuwan,Sun Min,et al.Simulation Study of Underwater Passive Navigation System Based on Gravity Gradient[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,.USA:IEEE,2004,5:3111-3113.
[6]许大欣.利用重力异常匹配技术实现潜艇导航[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):812-816.
[7]郭有光,钟斌,边少锋.地球重力场确定与重力场匹配导航[J].海洋测绘,2003,23(5):61-64.
[8]Wu Lin,Gong Jiaqi,Cheng Hua,et al.New method of underwater passive navigation based on gravity gradient[C]//Proceedings of SPIE,v6790,MIPPR2007:Remote Sensing and GIS Data Processing and Applications.USA:SPIE,2007:67901V.
[9]吴秋平,高钟毓,王永樑.高精度重力测量技术进展[J].导航,2003,6(2):1-7.
[10]边少锋,纪兵,重力梯度仪的发展及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):660-664.
[11]Hammond S,Murphy C.Air-FTGTM:Bell geospace’s airborne gravity gradiometer-a description and case study[J].Preview(ASEG),2003,105:24-26.
[12]Murphy C.The Air-FTGTM airborne gravity gradiometer syste m[C]//in R.J.L.Lane,editor,Airborne Gravity2004,Geoscien ce Australia Record,Australia:ASEG,2004/18,7-14.
[13]Lee J.FALCON gravity gradiometer technology[J]//Exploration Geophysics(S0812-3985),2001,32(3-4):247-250;
[14]European Space Agency.ESA’s gravity mission GOCE[EB/OL].(2008-04-04)[2008-06-03].http://www.esa.int/
[15]Drinkwater M R,Floberghagen R,Haagmens R,et al.GOCE:ESA’s first earth explorer core mission[R]//Beutler(Eds.),Earth Gravity Field from Space-from Sensors to Earth Sciences,The Netherlands.
[16]边少锋,张赤军.地形起伏对重力垂直梯度影响的计算[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(2):133-140.
[17]张赤军,用地形数据确定重力异常垂直梯度[J].科学通报,1999,44(6):656-661.
[18]张赤军,边少锋.地面扰动重力垂直梯度的确定[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):969-973.
[19]Health P J,Greenhalgh S,Direen N G.Modelling gravity and magnetic gradient tensor responses for exploration within the regolith[J].Exploration Geophysics(S0812-3985),2005,36(4):357-364.
[20]李建成,宁津生,陈俊勇,等.联合TOPEX/Poseidon,ERS2和Geosat卫星测高资料确定中国近海重力异常[J].测绘学报,2001,8(30):197-202.
[21]王谦身.重力学[M].北京:地震出版社,2003.
[22]Pan American Center for Earth and Environmental Studies:Gravity and Magnetic Dataset Repository[DB/OL].(2008-02-10)[2008-06-03].http://irpsrvgis00.utep.edu/repositorywebsite/
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