煤柱诱发冲击地压的微震事件分布特征与力学机理
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摘要
通过建立下保护层中残留孤岛煤柱的结构力学模型,应用力学原理分析了残留煤柱及被保护层煤体中的应力状态,得到煤柱诱发冲击地压具有2种机理:①在煤柱外围的强剪切区内岩层受剪断裂诱发冲击地压;②煤体本身破裂所致.这一过程在煤柱区附近表现为微震事件在煤柱区前方50 m开始"停滞"不前,应力出现分区性.研究了煤柱失稳破裂过程中微震事件能量统计曲线与失稳破裂过程的对应关系,得到了煤柱的失稳破裂是由微破裂到局部失稳、由渐变到突变的过程.现场采用深孔爆破和大孔径钻孔对煤柱进行卸压后,微震事件沿工作面倾向方向的分布呈均匀形态,且能量较小,证明了卸压效果十分明显.
The mechanisms of rock-bursting associated with remnant pillar were presented together with a mechanical modeling of the pillar failure,and an analysis of the stress conditions associated with the pillar and the nearby distressing coal seams.Two mechanisms were provide:① Shear failure within shear zones induced in the proximity of the pillar;② Failure of the pillar-itself.The existence of these shear zones was demonstrated by clusters of events occurring well over 50 m ahead of the pillar and remaining there as the face advances.In addition,the process of the pillar failure from initial micro-fracturing to local failure and final collapse was studied by comparing the energy distribution curve against rock failure.After the release of pressure in both floor and roof by using deep-hole blasting and large-diameter drilling,events with lower energy occur.This is typically observed in de-stressed regions.
The mechanisms of rock-bursting associated with remnant pillar were presented together with a mechanical modeling of the pillar failure,and an analysis of the stress conditions associated with the pillar and the nearby distressing coal seams.Two mechanisms were provide:① Shear failure within shear zones induced in the proximity of the pillar;② Failure of the pillar-itself.The existence of these shear zones was demonstrated by clusters of events occurring well over 50 m ahead of the pillar and remaining there as the face advances.In addition,the process of the pillar failure from initial micro-fracturing to local failure and final collapse was studied by comparing the energy distribution curve against rock failure.After the release of pressure in both floor and roof by using deep-hole blasting and large-diameter drilling,events with lower energy occur.This is typically observed in de-stressed regions.
引文
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[8]北京科技大学,新汶矿业集团有限责任公司.冲击地压预测预报与防治成套技术研究[R].2008.
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[3]潘岳,纪彩虹,李爱武.岩体系统动力失稳的总势能函数诠释[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(6):831-836.Pan Yue,Ji Caihong,Li Aiwu.Annotation of total potential energy function for dynamic failure of rock[J].Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(6):831-836.
[4]贺广零,黎都春,翟志文,等.采空区煤柱-顶板系统失稳的力学分析[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(9):897-901.He Guangling,Li Duchun,Zhai Zhiwen,et al.Analysis of instability of coal pillar and stiff roof system[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2007,32(9):897-901.
[5]姜福兴,王存文,杨淑华.冲击地压及煤与瓦斯突出和透水的微震监测技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(1):26-28.Jiang Fuxing,Wang Cunwen,Yang Shuhua.Micro seismic monitoring and measuring technology for pumping presuure,coaland gas outburst and water inrush[J].Coal Science and Technology,2007,35(1):26-28.
[6]曹安业,窦林名,张小涛,等.某矿孤岛工作面冲击危险分析及其监测[J].煤炭工程,2007(2):70-73.Cao Anye,Dou Linming,Zhang Xiaotao,et al.Analysis and monitoring of pressure bumping risk of island coal mining face ofmine[J].Coal Enginerring,2007(2):70-73.
[7]姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1 511-1 516.Jiang Fuxing,Yang Shuhua,Cheng Yunhai,et al.A study on microseismic monitoring of rock burst in coal mine[J].Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1 511-1 516.
[8]北京科技大学,新汶矿业集团有限责任公司.冲击地压预测预报与防治成套技术研究[R].2008.
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