叠前地震反演应用研究
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摘要
叠前地震反演涉及地震采集(炮检距范围)、地震数据处理(保真度)、地震解释和测井解释、储层岩石物理以及反演算法本身与约束条件等方面,因此影响因素很多,此外还存在认识与观念上的差异,使其在实际应用中难以获得理想和真实的油藏描述结果。为此,仅限于地震叠前反演技术本身涉及的实际问题,分析了叠前地震反演在油藏地球物理应用中存在的问题,并对如何获得有效的反演结果展开了讨论。对大庆徐家围子火成岩储层进行叠前AVO反演和叠前弹性反演的结果表明:①叠前反演受输入数据的影响大,因此要做好AVO前期处理,如各向异性校正等;②不同炮检距范围叠加地震数据的弹性阻抗反演面临着各种因素的影响,如子波提取、井震标定和井约束等。
Pre-stack seismic inversion is related to offset range of seismic acquisition,seismic processing fidelity,seismic interpretation,well-logging interpretation,reservoir petrophysics,inversion algorithm and inversion constraint,and so on.So there are many influence factors of seismic inversion.In addition,contrast also exists in recognition and idea.Because of the above aspects,ideal and actual reservoir description is difficult to obtain by the application of pre-stack seismic inversion.Therefore,aiming at the actual problems related to pre-stack inversion technology,the problems existing in the application of pre-stack seismic inversion in reservoir geophysics were analyzed,and the discussion was carried out on how to obtain effective inversion results.The result of pre-stack AVO inversion and pre-stack elastic inversion in Daqing XJWZ volcanic reservoir shows that:①pre-stack inversion is seriously influenced by inputted data, so prophase AVO processing must be done well,such as anisotropy calibration;②the elastic inversion of patial-stack seismic data according to different offset range is influenced by many factors,such as wavelet extraction,well-seismic calibration and well constraint.
Pre-stack seismic inversion is related to offset range of seismic acquisition,seismic processing fidelity,seismic interpretation,well-logging interpretation,reservoir petrophysics,inversion algorithm and inversion constraint,and so on.So there are many influence factors of seismic inversion.In addition,contrast also exists in recognition and idea.Because of the above aspects,ideal and actual reservoir description is difficult to obtain by the application of pre-stack seismic inversion.Therefore,aiming at the actual problems related to pre-stack inversion technology,the problems existing in the application of pre-stack seismic inversion in reservoir geophysics were analyzed,and the discussion was carried out on how to obtain effective inversion results.The result of pre-stack AVO inversion and pre-stack elastic inversion in Daqing XJWZ volcanic reservoir shows that:①pre-stack inversion is seriously influenced by inputted data, so prophase AVO processing must be done well,such as anisotropy calibration;②the elastic inversion of patial-stack seismic data according to different offset range is influenced by many factors,such as wavelet extraction,well-seismic calibration and well constraint.
引文
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[14]Contreras A,Verdin C T,Fasnacht T.Sensitivity analysis of data-related factors controlling AVA simultaneous inversion of partially stacked seismic amplitude data[J].Geophysics,2007,72(1):19-29
[15]凌云研究组.叠前相对保持振幅、频率、相位和波形处理的研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5): 543-552
[16]凌云研究组.测井与地震信息标定[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):68-74
[17]凌云,(亠思)晓宇,孙德胜,等.薄储层叠后反演影响因素分析与地震属性解释研究[J].石油物探,2008, 47(6):531-558
[18](亠思)晓宇,凌云,孙德胜,等.油田开发阶段叠后地震反演影响因素研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(5): 308-312
[2]Muskat M,Merest M W.Reflection and transmission coefficients for plane waves in elastic media[J]. Geophysics,1940,5(2):115-124
[3]Koefoed O.On the effect of Poisson's ratio of rock strata on the reflection coefficients of plane waves [J].Geophysical Prospecting,1955,3(4):381-387
[4]Bortfeld R.Approximation to the reflection and transmission coefficients of plane longitudinal and transverse waves[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 1961,9(4):485-503
[5]Connolly P.Elastic impedance[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(4):438-452
[6]Gray D.Elastic inversion for Lame parameters[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 72~(nd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2002,213-216
[7]Yu G.Offset-amplitude variation and controlled-amplitude processing[J].Geophysics,1985,50(12): 2697-2708
[8]Swan H W.Amplitude versus offset analysis in a finely layered media[J].Expanded Abstracts of 58~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1988,1195-1198
[9]Swan H W.Amplitude-versus-offset measurement errors in a finely medium[J].Geophysics,1991, 56(1):41-49
[10]Black J L,Schleicher K L,Zhang L.True-amplitude imaging and dip moveout[J].Geophysics,1993, 58(1):47-66
[11]Tura M A C,Hanitzsch C.Influence of velocity uncertainty on AVO migration/inversion[J].Expanded Abstracts of 65~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1995, 1028-1031
[12]Roden R,Sepulveda H.The significance of phase to the interpreter:practical guidelines for phase analysis [J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(7):774-777
[13]Purnell G,Sukup D,Higginbotham J,et al.Migrating sparse-receiver data for AVO analysis at Teal South Field[J].Expanded Abstracts of 70~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2000,190-193
[14]Contreras A,Verdin C T,Fasnacht T.Sensitivity analysis of data-related factors controlling AVA simultaneous inversion of partially stacked seismic amplitude data[J].Geophysics,2007,72(1):19-29
[15]凌云研究组.叠前相对保持振幅、频率、相位和波形处理的研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5): 543-552
[16]凌云研究组.测井与地震信息标定[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):68-74
[17]凌云,(亠思)晓宇,孙德胜,等.薄储层叠后反演影响因素分析与地震属性解释研究[J].石油物探,2008, 47(6):531-558
[18](亠思)晓宇,凌云,孙德胜,等.油田开发阶段叠后地震反演影响因素研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(5): 308-312
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