基于数值模拟的顶板围岩损伤过程动力响应信号的能量分析
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摘要
通过室内相似模型试验,模拟金属矿山巷道顶板从稳定状态到损伤发展直至顶板冒落的过程,利用封装应变传感器的光纤光栅锚杆监测振动信号,记录不同围压、不同冲击振动强度下裂隙顶板与完整顶板响应信号,利用小波变换提取信号的频带能量分布特征。根据室内试验对光纤光栅用于顶板稳定性监测的研究成果,利用径向基函数神经网络对监测时间序列进行预测,并基于频带能量的观点,利用Matlab建立不同损伤条件下的瞬态冲击信号评估系统,并对一段连续信号进行分析。损伤顶板振动响应信号的频带能量受到裂隙开展的影响,与完整顶板相比,出现明显的频带尖点,能量峰值从高频向低频移动。基于小波频带能量的围岩顶板稳定分析方法,首先,利用小波分解各频带能量分布特征,并通过分解结果中应力波的能量衰减程度可判别出岩体中是否存在裂隙;其次,利用小波分解后各频带能量比和归一化能量比来确定损伤程度和裂隙开展状态,为金属矿山巷道顶板稳定性监测提供了一种较为可靠的方法。
The similarity model experiment is carried out to simulate the whole process of damage development of roof of metal mine laneway falling from stability.Fiber Bragg grating sensors installed in bolt are used to record the response signal of complete roof and damage roof under different confining pressures and different vibration intensities,and wavelet transform is utilized to extract vibration response signal of the band energy distribution characteristics.Finally,according to the result of the indoor experiment,the monitoring time series is predicted using radial basis function(RBF);based on the view of energy band,the transient signal evaluation system under different damage conditions is established using software Matlab;and a serial of continuous signal are analyzed. The vibration response signal energy of damage roof is influenced by developed fracture.Compared with the complete roof,there is an obvious band cusp that the energy peak moves from high frequency to low frequency. Based on roof stability analysis method of wavelet frequency band energy,attenuation degree of wavelet decomposed frequency band energy is considered as the distinction that roof is stable or not.The frequency band energy ratio and the normalized energy ratio are used to determine the degree of damage and fracture state,which provides a reliable method for stability monitoring of laneway roof in metal mine.
The similarity model experiment is carried out to simulate the whole process of damage development of roof of metal mine laneway falling from stability.Fiber Bragg grating sensors installed in bolt are used to record the response signal of complete roof and damage roof under different confining pressures and different vibration intensities,and wavelet transform is utilized to extract vibration response signal of the band energy distribution characteristics.Finally,according to the result of the indoor experiment,the monitoring time series is predicted using radial basis function(RBF);based on the view of energy band,the transient signal evaluation system under different damage conditions is established using software Matlab;and a serial of continuous signal are analyzed. The vibration response signal energy of damage roof is influenced by developed fracture.Compared with the complete roof,there is an obvious band cusp that the energy peak moves from high frequency to low frequency. Based on roof stability analysis method of wavelet frequency band energy,attenuation degree of wavelet decomposed frequency band energy is considered as the distinction that roof is stable or not.The frequency band energy ratio and the normalized energy ratio are used to determine the degree of damage and fracture state,which provides a reliable method for stability monitoring of laneway roof in metal mine.
引文
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[2]闫长斌,徐国元,杨飞.爆破动荷载作用下围岩累积损伤效应声波测试研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(1):88–93.(YAN Changbin,XU Guoyuan,YANG Fei.Measurement of sound waves to study cumulative damage effect on surrounding rock under blasting load[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):88–93.(in Chinese))
[3]韩大建,王文东.基于振动的结构损伤识别方法的近期研究进展[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(1):91–96.(HAN Dajian,WANG Wendong.Overview of vibration-based damage identification methods[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science),2003,31(1):91–96.(in Chinese))
[4]刘晖,瞿伟廉,袁润章.基于应变能耗散率的结构损伤识别方法研究[J].工程力学,2004,21(5):198–202.(LIU Hui,QU Weilian,YUAN Runzhang.A structural damage detection method based on modal strain energy dissipation ratio theory[J].Engineering Mechanics,2004,21(5):198–202.(in Chinese))
[5]孙增寿,韩建刚,任伟新.基于小波分析的结构损伤检测研究进展[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(2):93–99.(SUN Zengshou,HAN Jiangang,REN Weixin.State-of-the-art research and development of wavelet analysis based structural damage detection[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,25(2):93–99.(in Chinese))
[6]闫长斌.爆破作用下岩体累积损伤效应及其稳定性研究[博士学位论文][D].长沙:中南大学,2006.(YAN Changbin.Study on cumulative damage effects and stability of rock mass under blasting loading[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University,2006.(in Chinese))
[7]宋光明,曾新吾,陈寿如,等.传播介质特性对爆破震动信号分析中小波包时频特征的影响[J].工程爆破,2003,9(1):64–68.(SONG Guangming,ZENG Xinwu,CHEN Shouru,et al.Effect of propagation medium property on time-frequency characteristics of blasting vibration with wavelet packets analysis[J].Engineering Blasting,2003,9(1):64–68.(in Chinese))
[8]刁延松.基于神经网络和小波分析的海洋平台结构损伤检测研究[博士学位论文][D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.(DIAO Yansong.Damage detection of offshore platform structures based on neural network and wavelet analysis[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2006.(in Chinese))
[9]中国生.基于小波变换爆破振动分析的应用基础研究[博士学位论文][D].长沙:中南大学,2006.(ZHONG Guosheng.Applied funda-mental research of blasting vibration analysis based on wavelet transform[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University,2006.(in Chinese))
[10]DENARIE E,SAOUMA V E,IOCCO A,et al.Concrete fracture process zone characterization with fiber optics[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(5):494–502.
[11]李悦,宋波,单宏兰.爆破作用下金属矿山围岩稳定监测点优化布置[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,8(5):551–558.(LI Yue,SONG Bo,SHAN Honglan.Optimization of monitoring points of surrounding rock stability on blasting in underground metallic mine[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2007,8(5):551–558.(in Chinese))
[12]邓年春,欧进萍,周智,等.光纤光栅在预应力钢绞线应力监测中的应用[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(10):1550–1553.(DENG Nianchun,OU Jinping,ZHOU Zhi,et al.Application of fiber Bragg grating sensor to monitor tensile stress in a seven-wire prestressed steel strand[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2007,39(10):1550–1553.(in Chinese))
[13]娄建武,龙源,徐全军,等.基于小波包技术的爆破地震波特征提取及预报[J].爆炸与冲击,2004,24(3):261–267.(LOU Jianwu,LONG Yuan,XU Quanjun,et al.A study on the extraction and prediction of blasting seismic wave characteristics by wavelet packets technique[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2004,24(3):261–267.(in Chinese))
[14]SUN Z,CHANG C C.Damage detection of concrete structures using wavelet transform[C]//Proceedings of the8th Conference on Vibration Theory and Application.Shanghai:[s.n.],2003:31–37.
[15]凌同华,李夕兵.爆破振动信号不同频带的能量分布规律[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,35(2):310–315.(LING Tonghua,LI Xibing.Laws of energy distribution in different frequency bands for blast vibration signals[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural Science),2004,35(2):310–315.(in Chinese))
[16]程康,徐学勇.爆破振动频率对振动效应影响的试验研究[J].爆破,2003,20(3):79–81.(CHENG Kang,XU Xueyong.Experimental research on influence of blasting vibration frequency on its vibration effect[J].Blasting,2003,20(3):79–81.(in Chinese))
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