地质动力区划中断裂活动性的模糊综合评判
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摘要
地质构造尤其是活动断裂控制着动力现象的区域性分布,然而活动断裂与矿井动力现象的关系并不是绝对和完全的。对断裂活动性进行评价,确定断裂的动力活动强度,是进行动力现象的预测与预防的重要内容之一。文章通过分析活动断裂的特征及其对矿区原地应力场的影响,提出了既具有代表性又容易获取的适合多尺度断裂活动性评价的5个主要指标,即活动断裂两侧断块的高程差、活动断裂长度、活动断裂走向与最大主应力的夹角、活动断裂走向与最大剪应力的夹角及断裂地震综合指标。利用模糊数学方法,建立了断裂活动性评价的模糊综合评判模型,确定了隶属函数,并通过层次分析法确定了各个指标的权重,最终获得了断裂活动性的模糊综合评判结果。将该方法应用于新汶矿区协庄矿,结果显示冲击地压多发生于具有强活动性的断裂附近。表明文章建立的评判模型能够较好地对断裂活动性进行分级。文章提出的模糊综合评判方法,改进了地质动力区划中断裂活动性评价方法,提高了评价结果的准确性及合理性。
Geology tectonic,especially active fault,controls the regional distribution of dynamic phenomena.However,the relationship between the active fault and the mining dynamic phenomena is not absolute.So,estimating the fault activity to decide the strength intensity is one of the important matters to forecast and prevent the dynamic phenomena.Through analyzing the characteristics of active fault and its influence to the in-situ stress field,this paper advanced five important indexes,which is typical,easily acquirable and fit to multi-scales for evaluating the fault activity.Those are the elevation difference between two faults,the length of active fault,the angle between the active fault and σ_1,the angle between the active fault and τ_(max),and last the integrate index of earthquake.By using the furry mathematics this paper established the furry integrate estimating model and decided sub-functions.The power of each factor is decided with the AHP.After applying this model to the Xiezhuang Mine,the result showed that mostly the rock burst occurred around the fault,which has strong activity.So it indicated the model could grade the fault activity better.The furry integrate estimation discussed in this paper can improve the method of evaluating fault activity and the veracity and rationality of the results in geology dynamic division.
Geology tectonic,especially active fault,controls the regional distribution of dynamic phenomena.However,the relationship between the active fault and the mining dynamic phenomena is not absolute.So,estimating the fault activity to decide the strength intensity is one of the important matters to forecast and prevent the dynamic phenomena.Through analyzing the characteristics of active fault and its influence to the in-situ stress field,this paper advanced five important indexes,which is typical,easily acquirable and fit to multi-scales for evaluating the fault activity.Those are the elevation difference between two faults,the length of active fault,the angle between the active fault and σ_1,the angle between the active fault and τ_(max),and last the integrate index of earthquake.By using the furry mathematics this paper established the furry integrate estimating model and decided sub-functions.The power of each factor is decided with the AHP.After applying this model to the Xiezhuang Mine,the result showed that mostly the rock burst occurred around the fault,which has strong activity.So it indicated the model could grade the fault activity better.The furry integrate estimation discussed in this paper can improve the method of evaluating fault activity and the veracity and rationality of the results in geology dynamic division.
引文
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[9]马瑾,单新建.利用遥感技术研究断层现今活动的探索———以玛尼地震前后断层相互作用为例[J].地震地质,2000,22(3):210-215.
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[11]周旭章,等.模糊数学在化学中的应用[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2002.
[12]郭嗣琮,陈刚.信息科学中的软计算方法[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2001.
[13]詹文欢,钟建强.模糊综合评判在活动断裂分级中的应用[J].华南地震,1989,l9(4):15-21.
[14]彭祖赠.模糊数学及其应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002.
[2]于不凡.煤与瓦斯突出机理[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1985.
[3][苏]ИМ巴图金娜,ИМ佩图霍夫.地质动力区划方法指南[M].莫斯科:莫斯科“矿藏”,1990.
[4]冯国才,李强,吴宏之.断裂活动与矿山地质动力灾害研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(2):17-19.
[5]于广明,等.构造应力对岩土工程损害及其防护研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1999,10(1):8-13.
[6]王连捷,等.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.
[7]张宏伟.岩体应力状态研究与矿井动力现象区域预测[D]阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,1999.
[8]黄崇福,汪培庄.利用专家经验对活动断裂进行量化的模糊数学模型[J].高校应用数学学报,1992,l7(4):525-530.
[9]马瑾,单新建.利用遥感技术研究断层现今活动的探索———以玛尼地震前后断层相互作用为例[J].地震地质,2000,22(3):210-215.
[10]朱煌武.郯庐断裂带地震活动性分析[J].减灾与发展,1998,(3):16-17.
[11]周旭章,等.模糊数学在化学中的应用[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2002.
[12]郭嗣琮,陈刚.信息科学中的软计算方法[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2001.
[13]詹文欢,钟建强.模糊综合评判在活动断裂分级中的应用[J].华南地震,1989,l9(4):15-21.
[14]彭祖赠.模糊数学及其应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002.
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