路基压实黄土动力特性的试验研究
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摘要
在大量动三轴试验的基础上,对压实黄土的动力特性进行研究。试验结果表明:压实黄土的动应力-应变曲线在一定条件下近似为双曲线模型,并得到部分试样的模型参数取值。压实黄土动弹性模量随着动应变的增加而减小,逐渐趋于稳定,并且在不同干密度、不同含水率及不同围压状态下变化趋势基本相同。阻尼比受含水率、固结应力比、干密度及围压等因素的影响,综合反映为随动应变的增加而增加,取值为0.2～0.3,但离散性较强。振陷变形与干密度、含水率及荷载作用次数有着密切关系,干密度愈大,含水量越小,振动次数愈大;在同等的应力条件下,振陷变形愈小,并且存在一临界动应力。当动应力小于该值时,振陷变形较小,与动应力近似线性关系;当动应力大于该值时,振陷变形增加较快,呈现明显的非线性。
Based on a lot of dynamic triaxial tests,some dynamic characteristics on roadbed compaction loess are studies. It is indicated that from test results,the relation between stress and strain can be fitted with hyperbolic model under certain conditions,and the values of model parameters are and tend to be stable gained on some soil samples. Dynamic modulus of compaction loess decreases with the increase of dynamic strain,the trend is basically similar under different dry densities,water contents and pressures. Damping ratio is affected by the moisture,consolidation stress ratio,confining pressure and dry density of the compacted loess which increases with the increase of dynamic strain generally;and its value is distributed in 0.2–0.3 with high discreteness. The value of vibration deformation has important relation with the dry density,moisture and load cyclic number. When the dry density increases,moisture decreases,and load cyclic number increases. It decreases slowly at the same stress conditions,and there is critical dynamic stress. When the dynamic stress is smaller than it,vibration deformation is small and can be fitted linearly with the dynamic stress,otherwise,it increases quickly and presents obvious non-linearity.
Based on a lot of dynamic triaxial tests,some dynamic characteristics on roadbed compaction loess are studies. It is indicated that from test results,the relation between stress and strain can be fitted with hyperbolic model under certain conditions,and the values of model parameters are and tend to be stable gained on some soil samples. Dynamic modulus of compaction loess decreases with the increase of dynamic strain,the trend is basically similar under different dry densities,water contents and pressures. Damping ratio is affected by the moisture,consolidation stress ratio,confining pressure and dry density of the compacted loess which increases with the increase of dynamic strain generally;and its value is distributed in 0.2–0.3 with high discreteness. The value of vibration deformation has important relation with the dry density,moisture and load cyclic number. When the dry density increases,moisture decreases,and load cyclic number increases. It decreases slowly at the same stress conditions,and there is critical dynamic stress. When the dynamic stress is smaller than it,vibration deformation is small and can be fitted linearly with the dynamic stress,otherwise,it increases quickly and presents obvious non-linearity.
引文
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[12]尚守平,刘方成,杜运兴,等.应变积累对黏土动剪模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27[5]:683–688.[SHANG Souping,LIU Fangcheng,DU Yunxing,et al.Experimental study on effect of shear strain accumulation on dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of clay soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27[5]:683–688.[in Chinese]]
[13]梁仁旺,栗润德.黄土动力特性研究分析[J].山西建筑,2003,29[13]:22–23.[LIANG Renwang,LI Runde.Review of the research on dynamic characteristics of loess[J].Shanxi Architecture,2003,29[13]:22–23.[in Chinese]]
[14]柴华友,崔玉军,卢应发.循环荷载下黄土特性模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24[23]:4272–4281.[CHAI Huayou,CUI Yujun,LU Yingfa.Simulation of loess behaviors under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24[23]:4272–4281.[in Chinese]]
[15]SEED H B,MARTIN P P,LYSMER J.Power water pressure changes during soil liquefaction[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1976,102[GT4]:327–346.
[16]杨超,崔玉军,黄茂松.循环荷载下非饱和结构性黄土的损伤模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27[4]:805–811.[YANG Chao,CUI Yujun,HUANG Maosong.Damage model for unsaturated structural loess under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27[4]:805–811.[in Chinese]]
[2]王兰民.黄土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,2003.[WANG Lanmin.Loess dynamics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2003.[in Chinese]]
[3]刘祖典.黄土力学与工程[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1997.[LIU Zudian.Loess mechanics and engineering[M].Xi′an:Shaanxi Science and Technology Press,1997.[in Chinese]]
[4]谢定义.试论我国黄土力学研究中的若干新趋向[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23[1]:3–13.[XIE Dingyi.Exploration of some new tendencies in research of loess mechanics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23[1]:3–13.[in Chinese]]
[5]景宏君,张斌.黄土地区公路路基冲击压实试验[J].长安大学学报[自然科学版],2004,24[1]:25–29.[JING Hongjun,ZHANG Bin.Experiments of highway subgrade impact compaction in loess region[J].Journal of Chang′an University[Natural Science],2004,24[1]:25–29.[in Chinese]]
[6]陈存礼,杨鹏,何军芳.饱和击实黄土的动力特性研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28[7]:1551–1556.[CHEN Cunli,YANG Peng,HE Jufang.Research on dynamic characteristics of saturated compacted loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28[7]:1551–1556.[in Chinese]]
[7]骆亚生,谢定义,董为民,等.不同地区黄土振陷变形特性的对比分析[J].陕西水利发电,2001,17[1]:4–7.[LUO Yasheng,XIE Dingyi,DONG Weimin,el al.Comparative analysis of the vibration deformation behavior of the loess from the different regions[J].Journal of Shaanxi Water Power,2001,17[1]:4–7.[in Chinese]]
[8]陈国兴,谢君斐,张克绪.土的动弹性模量和阻尼比的经验估计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1995,15[1]:73–84.[CHEN Guoxing,XIE Junfei,ZHANG Kexu.The empirical evaluation of soil modulus and damping ratio for dynamic analysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1995,15[1]:73–84.[in Chinese]]
[9]贺建清,阳军生,靳明.循环荷载作用下掺土煤矸石力学性状试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27[1]:199–205.[HE Jianqing,YANG Junsheng,JIN Ming.Experimental study on mechanical behaviors of coal gangue mixed with soil under cyclical loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27[1]:199–205.[in Chinese]]
[10]田堪良,张慧莉,张伯平,等.动扭剪荷载作用下非饱和黄土动力特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23[24]:4151–4155.[TIAN Kanliang,ZHANG Huili,ZHANG Boping,el al.An experimental study on dynamic properties of unsaturated loess under dynamic torsional shear[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23[24]:4151–4155.[in Chinese]]
[11]骆亚生.非饱和黄土在动、静复杂应力条件下的结构变化特性及结构性本构关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23[11]:1959.[LUO Yasheng.Variation characteristics of soil structure and structural constitutive relation of unsaturated loess under static and dynamic complex stress conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23[11]:1959.[in Chinese]]
[12]尚守平,刘方成,杜运兴,等.应变积累对黏土动剪模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27[5]:683–688.[SHANG Souping,LIU Fangcheng,DU Yunxing,et al.Experimental study on effect of shear strain accumulation on dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of clay soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27[5]:683–688.[in Chinese]]
[13]梁仁旺,栗润德.黄土动力特性研究分析[J].山西建筑,2003,29[13]:22–23.[LIANG Renwang,LI Runde.Review of the research on dynamic characteristics of loess[J].Shanxi Architecture,2003,29[13]:22–23.[in Chinese]]
[14]柴华友,崔玉军,卢应发.循环荷载下黄土特性模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24[23]:4272–4281.[CHAI Huayou,CUI Yujun,LU Yingfa.Simulation of loess behaviors under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24[23]:4272–4281.[in Chinese]]
[15]SEED H B,MARTIN P P,LYSMER J.Power water pressure changes during soil liquefaction[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1976,102[GT4]:327–346.
[16]杨超,崔玉军,黄茂松.循环荷载下非饱和结构性黄土的损伤模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27[4]:805–811.[YANG Chao,CUI Yujun,HUANG Maosong.Damage model for unsaturated structural loess under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27[4]:805–811.[in Chinese]]
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