砂砾岩石窟灌浆材料PS-F机制研究
|
摘要
中国丝绸之路上保存有大量开凿于由钙质或泥质胶结的砂岩或砂砾岩崖体上的石窟,石窟所开凿岩体均有较多裂隙,这些裂隙进一步发育可引起石窟岩体坍塌,导致石窟毁灭性破坏。PS-F灌浆材料在我国砂砾岩石窟裂隙灌浆加固中取得理想的灌浆效果,但对该灌浆材料的机制研究相对滞后。利用X-衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜等手段,研究PS-F灌浆材料填料粉煤灰主要成分和微观形貌特征,不同模数PS的物理性质及微观形貌,以及不同模数和浓度PS-F结石体的收缩性、力学性质及形貌特征,通过以上研究对比,说明PS具有较好的可灌性,随着PS浓度不同和模数变化,PS-F灌浆材料强度发生变化,通过研究这方面的原因,可较好地解释PS-F灌浆材料的作用机制。
Many grottoes are excavated in sandy conglomerate poorly consolidated with a little calcareous/argillaceous cementation on the Silk Road in China,also many cracks can be found on those grottoes.The further development of those cracks into cliff will cause collapse and devastating damage of rock of caves.PS-F grouting material has a perfect effect on crack grouting of conglomerate grottoes in China,but the mechanism research of PS-F grouting material is comparatively lagging behind.By X-Ray diffractometer(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and other analytical tools,the main component and micro-morphology of fly ash,the physical mechanism of PS with different moduli,and the contractibility,mechanical property and micro-morphology of PS-F grouting material with different viscosities and moduli are studied.Comparing above results,it shows that PS-F has good groutability.The strength of PS-F grouting material changes with PS viscosity and modulus,and a reasonable interpretation of mechanism on the PS-F grouting material is presented.
Many grottoes are excavated in sandy conglomerate poorly consolidated with a little calcareous/argillaceous cementation on the Silk Road in China,also many cracks can be found on those grottoes.The further development of those cracks into cliff will cause collapse and devastating damage of rock of caves.PS-F grouting material has a perfect effect on crack grouting of conglomerate grottoes in China,but the mechanism research of PS-F grouting material is comparatively lagging behind.By X-Ray diffractometer(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and other analytical tools,the main component and micro-morphology of fly ash,the physical mechanism of PS with different moduli,and the contractibility,mechanical property and micro-morphology of PS-F grouting material with different viscosities and moduli are studied.Comparing above results,it shows that PS-F has good groutability.The strength of PS-F grouting material changes with PS viscosity and modulus,and a reasonable interpretation of mechanism on the PS-F grouting material is presented.
引文
[1]李最雄.丝绸之路古遗址保护[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:39-40.(LI Zuixiong.Conservation of ancient sites on the silk road[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:39-40.(in Chinese))
[2]程良奎.岩土锚固的现状与发展[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(3):7-12.(CHENG Liangkui.Present status and development of ground anchorages[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(3):7-12.(in Chinese))
[3]程良奎.深基坑锚杆支护的新进展[C]//岩土锚固新技术.北京:人民交通出版社,1998:66-76.(CHENG Liangkui.New development of anchor-supporting for deep excavations[C]//New Technology of Ground Anchorage.Beijing:China Communications Press,1998:66-76.(in Chinese))
[4]程良奎,张作眉,杨志银.岩土加固实用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.(CHENG Liangkui,ZHANG Zuomei,YANG Zhiyin.Practical technology of strengthening ground[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1994.(in Chinese))
[5]程良奎.岩土锚固研究与新进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(21):3803-3811.(CHENG Liangkui.Research and new progress in ground anchorage[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(21):3803-3811.(in Chinese))
[6]葛家良.化学灌浆技术的发展与展望[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3384-3392.(GE Jialiang.Development and prospect of chemical grouting techniques[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.2):3384-3392.(in Chinese))
[7]电力工业部华东勘测设计院科学研究所.化学灌浆技术[M].北京:水利出版社,1980.(Science and Research Institute,East China Investigation and Design Institute,Ministry of Power Industry.Chemical grouting technique[M].Beijing:China Water ConservancyPress,1980.(in Chinese))
[8]KAROL R H.化学注浆工艺[J].隧道译丛,1988,(3):1-17.(KAROL R H.Chemical grouting processes[J].Journal of Tunnel Translations,1988,(3):1-17.(in Chinese))
[9]刘嘉材.化学注浆[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987.(LIU Jiacai.Chemical grouting[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1987.(in Chinese))
[10]杜嘉鸿,张崇瑞,何修仁.地下建筑灌浆工程简明手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.(DU Jiahong,ZHANG Chongrui,HE Xiuren.Brief handbook of grouting engineering in underground construction[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998.(in Chinese))
[11]曾荣秀.灌浆技术经验汇编[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1988.(ZENG Rongxiu.Proceedings of grouting experiences[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1988.(in Chinese))
[12]熊厚金.国际岩土锚固与灌浆新进展[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996:27-32.(XIONG Houjin.New progress on anchorage and grouting techniques in international rock-soil[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1996:27-32.(in Chinese))
[13]李最雄,王旭东.古代土建筑遗址保护加固研究的新进展[J].敦煌研究,1997,(4):167-172.(LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong.The new advance of research on the conservation of ancient earth-structure sites[J].Dunhuang Research,1997,(4):167-172.(in Chinese))
[14]李向平.从若干项文物科技成果看我国文物保护技术的发展[J].东南文化,2002,(9):94-96.(LI Xiangping.The technology in China for the protection of cultural relics as seen from some science and technology production about cultural relics[J].Southeast Culture,2002,(9):94-96.(in Chinese))
[15]刘丽萍,李国祥,魏国安.灌浆锚杆在庆阳北石窟寺165号洞窟病害治理中的应用[J].路基工程,2001,99(6):68-70.(LIU Liping,LI Guoxiang,WEI Guoan.Appilcation of grouted anchor rods for treatment lesion at Caver No.165of Beishikusi in Qingyang[J].Subgrade Engineering,2001,99(6):68-70.(in Chinese))
[16]孙满利,李最雄,王旭东,等.南竹加筋复合锚杆加固土遗址研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增2):3381-3385.(SUN Manli,LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong,et al.Study on reinforcement of earthen sites by banboo-steel composite anchor[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Supp.2):3381-3385.(in Chinese))
[17]姜怀英,刘景龙.龙门石窟奉先寺加固工程中应用高分子材料的研究[C]//中国文物研究所编.亚洲地区文物保护技术讨论会论文集.北京:文物出版社,1989:152-161.(JIANG Huaiying,LIU Jinglong,Application of polymer materials in consolidation engineering on the Fengxian temple of Longmen grottoes[C]//The Chinese Cultural Relic Institute ed.The Asian Regional Conference Proceedings on Conservation Technology of Cultural Relic.Beijing:Cultural Relic Press,1989:152-161.(in Chinese))
[18]解廷藩.云岗石窟加固工程中呋喃改性环氧树脂的应用研究[C]//中国文物研究所编.亚洲地区文物保护技术讨论会论文集.北京:文物出版社,1989:161-168.(XIE Tingfan.The application of modified epoxy resin by funan in consolidation of the Yungang grottoes of China[C]//The Chinese Cultural Relic Institute ed.The Asian Regional Conference Proceedings on Conservation Technology of Cultural Relic.Beijing:Cultural Relic Press,1989:161-168.(in Chinese))
[19]马家郁.潮湿环境下石窟围岩裂隙灌浆补强材料的研究[C]//中国文物研究所编.亚洲地区文物保护技术讨论会论文集.北京:文物出版社,1989:168-179.(MA Jiayu.Research on strengthen material of grouting for rock of grottoes in humid environment[C]//The Chinese Cultural Relic Institute ed.The Asian Regional Conference Proceedings on Conservation Technology of Cultural Relic.Beijing:Cultural Relic Press,1989:168-179.(in Chinese))
[20]李最雄,易武志.PS-C对砂砾岩石窟裂隙灌浆的研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,1989,1(2):19-28.(LI Zuixiong,YI Wuzhi.Research on sandstone fissure grouting using PS-C[J].Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,1989,1(2):19-28.(in Chinese))
[21]李最雄.应用PS-C加固风化砂岩石雕的研究[J].敦煌研究,1985,(3):156-168.(LI Zuixiong.Research on consolidating weathered sandstone carving using PS-C[J].Dunhuang Research,1985,(3):156-168.(in Chinese))
[22]王旭东,李最雄.安西榆林窟的岩土工程问题及防治对策[J].敦煌研究,2000,(1):123-131.(WANG Xudong,LI Zuixiong.Problems and control of geotechnical engineering of Anxi Yulin grottoes[J].Dunhuang Research,2000,(1):123-131(in Chinese))
[23]李最雄,王旭东.榆林窟东崖的岩体裂隙灌浆及其效果的人工地震检测[J].敦煌研究,1994,(2):156-170.(LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong.Consolidation of fissured gravel rock body in the eastern side of the Yulin grottoes and the test of its results by use of artificial earthquake[J].Dunhang Research,1994,(2):156-170.(in Chinese))
[24]汪万福,马赞峰,李最雄,等.空鼓病害壁画灌浆加固技术研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2006,18(1):52-59.(WANG Wanfu,MA Zanfeng,LI Zuixiong,et al.Consolidating of detached murals through grouting techniques[J].Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,2006,18(1):52-59.(in Chinese))
[25]樊再轩,李最雄,王旭东,等.西藏拉萨布达拉宫空鼓壁画现场灌浆加固试验[J].敦煌研究,2005,92(4):35-39.(FAN Zaixuan,LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong,et al.On site grouting test to reinforcement of detachment of wall-painting of Potala Palace of Tibet[J].Dunhang Research,2005,92(4):35-39.(in Chinese))
[26]王旭东.中国西北干旱环境下石窟与土建筑遗址保护加固研究[博士学位论文][D].兰州:兰州大学,2002.(WANG Xudong.The conservation and consolidation of the grottoes and the earthen architecture sites in the arid region of Northwestern China[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2002.(in Chinese))
[27]赵海英,王旭东,李最雄,等.PS材料模数、浓度对干旱区土建筑遗址加固效果的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):557-562.(ZHAO Haiying,WANG Xudong,LI Zuixiong,et al.Impact of modulus and concentration of potassium silicate material on consolidating earthen architecture site in arid region[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):557-562.(in Chinese))
[28]陈礼仪,王胜.粉煤灰灌浆材料的研究与应用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(2):206-209.(CHEN Liyi,WANG Sheng.Research and application of fly ash grouting material[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science and Technology),2007,34(2):206-209.(in Chinese))
[29]杨涛,李最雄,谌文武.PS-F灌浆材料的物理力学性能[J].敦煌研究,2005,92(4):40-50.(YANG Tao,LI Zuixiong,CHEN Wenwu.Mechanical and physical properties of PS-F grouting material[J].Dunhang Research,2005,92(4):40-50.(in Chinese))
[2]程良奎.岩土锚固的现状与发展[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(3):7-12.(CHENG Liangkui.Present status and development of ground anchorages[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(3):7-12.(in Chinese))
[3]程良奎.深基坑锚杆支护的新进展[C]//岩土锚固新技术.北京:人民交通出版社,1998:66-76.(CHENG Liangkui.New development of anchor-supporting for deep excavations[C]//New Technology of Ground Anchorage.Beijing:China Communications Press,1998:66-76.(in Chinese))
[4]程良奎,张作眉,杨志银.岩土加固实用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.(CHENG Liangkui,ZHANG Zuomei,YANG Zhiyin.Practical technology of strengthening ground[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1994.(in Chinese))
[5]程良奎.岩土锚固研究与新进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(21):3803-3811.(CHENG Liangkui.Research and new progress in ground anchorage[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(21):3803-3811.(in Chinese))
[6]葛家良.化学灌浆技术的发展与展望[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3384-3392.(GE Jialiang.Development and prospect of chemical grouting techniques[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.2):3384-3392.(in Chinese))
[7]电力工业部华东勘测设计院科学研究所.化学灌浆技术[M].北京:水利出版社,1980.(Science and Research Institute,East China Investigation and Design Institute,Ministry of Power Industry.Chemical grouting technique[M].Beijing:China Water ConservancyPress,1980.(in Chinese))
[8]KAROL R H.化学注浆工艺[J].隧道译丛,1988,(3):1-17.(KAROL R H.Chemical grouting processes[J].Journal of Tunnel Translations,1988,(3):1-17.(in Chinese))
[9]刘嘉材.化学注浆[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987.(LIU Jiacai.Chemical grouting[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1987.(in Chinese))
[10]杜嘉鸿,张崇瑞,何修仁.地下建筑灌浆工程简明手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.(DU Jiahong,ZHANG Chongrui,HE Xiuren.Brief handbook of grouting engineering in underground construction[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998.(in Chinese))
[11]曾荣秀.灌浆技术经验汇编[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1988.(ZENG Rongxiu.Proceedings of grouting experiences[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1988.(in Chinese))
[12]熊厚金.国际岩土锚固与灌浆新进展[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996:27-32.(XIONG Houjin.New progress on anchorage and grouting techniques in international rock-soil[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1996:27-32.(in Chinese))
[13]李最雄,王旭东.古代土建筑遗址保护加固研究的新进展[J].敦煌研究,1997,(4):167-172.(LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong.The new advance of research on the conservation of ancient earth-structure sites[J].Dunhuang Research,1997,(4):167-172.(in Chinese))
[14]李向平.从若干项文物科技成果看我国文物保护技术的发展[J].东南文化,2002,(9):94-96.(LI Xiangping.The technology in China for the protection of cultural relics as seen from some science and technology production about cultural relics[J].Southeast Culture,2002,(9):94-96.(in Chinese))
[15]刘丽萍,李国祥,魏国安.灌浆锚杆在庆阳北石窟寺165号洞窟病害治理中的应用[J].路基工程,2001,99(6):68-70.(LIU Liping,LI Guoxiang,WEI Guoan.Appilcation of grouted anchor rods for treatment lesion at Caver No.165of Beishikusi in Qingyang[J].Subgrade Engineering,2001,99(6):68-70.(in Chinese))
[16]孙满利,李最雄,王旭东,等.南竹加筋复合锚杆加固土遗址研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增2):3381-3385.(SUN Manli,LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong,et al.Study on reinforcement of earthen sites by banboo-steel composite anchor[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Supp.2):3381-3385.(in Chinese))
[17]姜怀英,刘景龙.龙门石窟奉先寺加固工程中应用高分子材料的研究[C]//中国文物研究所编.亚洲地区文物保护技术讨论会论文集.北京:文物出版社,1989:152-161.(JIANG Huaiying,LIU Jinglong,Application of polymer materials in consolidation engineering on the Fengxian temple of Longmen grottoes[C]//The Chinese Cultural Relic Institute ed.The Asian Regional Conference Proceedings on Conservation Technology of Cultural Relic.Beijing:Cultural Relic Press,1989:152-161.(in Chinese))
[18]解廷藩.云岗石窟加固工程中呋喃改性环氧树脂的应用研究[C]//中国文物研究所编.亚洲地区文物保护技术讨论会论文集.北京:文物出版社,1989:161-168.(XIE Tingfan.The application of modified epoxy resin by funan in consolidation of the Yungang grottoes of China[C]//The Chinese Cultural Relic Institute ed.The Asian Regional Conference Proceedings on Conservation Technology of Cultural Relic.Beijing:Cultural Relic Press,1989:161-168.(in Chinese))
[19]马家郁.潮湿环境下石窟围岩裂隙灌浆补强材料的研究[C]//中国文物研究所编.亚洲地区文物保护技术讨论会论文集.北京:文物出版社,1989:168-179.(MA Jiayu.Research on strengthen material of grouting for rock of grottoes in humid environment[C]//The Chinese Cultural Relic Institute ed.The Asian Regional Conference Proceedings on Conservation Technology of Cultural Relic.Beijing:Cultural Relic Press,1989:168-179.(in Chinese))
[20]李最雄,易武志.PS-C对砂砾岩石窟裂隙灌浆的研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,1989,1(2):19-28.(LI Zuixiong,YI Wuzhi.Research on sandstone fissure grouting using PS-C[J].Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,1989,1(2):19-28.(in Chinese))
[21]李最雄.应用PS-C加固风化砂岩石雕的研究[J].敦煌研究,1985,(3):156-168.(LI Zuixiong.Research on consolidating weathered sandstone carving using PS-C[J].Dunhuang Research,1985,(3):156-168.(in Chinese))
[22]王旭东,李最雄.安西榆林窟的岩土工程问题及防治对策[J].敦煌研究,2000,(1):123-131.(WANG Xudong,LI Zuixiong.Problems and control of geotechnical engineering of Anxi Yulin grottoes[J].Dunhuang Research,2000,(1):123-131(in Chinese))
[23]李最雄,王旭东.榆林窟东崖的岩体裂隙灌浆及其效果的人工地震检测[J].敦煌研究,1994,(2):156-170.(LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong.Consolidation of fissured gravel rock body in the eastern side of the Yulin grottoes and the test of its results by use of artificial earthquake[J].Dunhang Research,1994,(2):156-170.(in Chinese))
[24]汪万福,马赞峰,李最雄,等.空鼓病害壁画灌浆加固技术研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2006,18(1):52-59.(WANG Wanfu,MA Zanfeng,LI Zuixiong,et al.Consolidating of detached murals through grouting techniques[J].Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,2006,18(1):52-59.(in Chinese))
[25]樊再轩,李最雄,王旭东,等.西藏拉萨布达拉宫空鼓壁画现场灌浆加固试验[J].敦煌研究,2005,92(4):35-39.(FAN Zaixuan,LI Zuixiong,WANG Xudong,et al.On site grouting test to reinforcement of detachment of wall-painting of Potala Palace of Tibet[J].Dunhang Research,2005,92(4):35-39.(in Chinese))
[26]王旭东.中国西北干旱环境下石窟与土建筑遗址保护加固研究[博士学位论文][D].兰州:兰州大学,2002.(WANG Xudong.The conservation and consolidation of the grottoes and the earthen architecture sites in the arid region of Northwestern China[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2002.(in Chinese))
[27]赵海英,王旭东,李最雄,等.PS材料模数、浓度对干旱区土建筑遗址加固效果的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):557-562.(ZHAO Haiying,WANG Xudong,LI Zuixiong,et al.Impact of modulus and concentration of potassium silicate material on consolidating earthen architecture site in arid region[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):557-562.(in Chinese))
[28]陈礼仪,王胜.粉煤灰灌浆材料的研究与应用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(2):206-209.(CHEN Liyi,WANG Sheng.Research and application of fly ash grouting material[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science and Technology),2007,34(2):206-209.(in Chinese))
[29]杨涛,李最雄,谌文武.PS-F灌浆材料的物理力学性能[J].敦煌研究,2005,92(4):40-50.(YANG Tao,LI Zuixiong,CHEN Wenwu.Mechanical and physical properties of PS-F grouting material[J].Dunhang Research,2005,92(4):40-50.(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心