可液化地基上建筑物不均匀震陷机制的振动台试验研究
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摘要
设计实现了液化土–结构相互作用的振动台试验,试验包括地震波输入大型振动台试验和正弦波输入小型振动台试验。试验中建筑物模型和地基土均匀布置,输入单方向水平加速度时程,得到了建筑物对称基底动应力、孔压及建筑物对称顶点的不均匀震陷。研究结果表明:(1)模型对称基底的竖向动应力易呈反对称形式分布;(2)模型基底竖向动压应力对孔压增长有较大贡献;(3)输入波形不对称的地震波能够导致模型对称基底孔压分布不均衡及建筑物不均匀震陷;(4)输入正弦波,模型对称基底动应力及孔压差别不明显,模型将发生均匀震陷。
The shaking table test of soil-structure interaction(SSI) is introduced. It includes the earthquake- wave-input large table tests and sine-wave-input small table tests. The structure and the subsoil are uniformly distributed;and one direction horizontal seismic waves are input. The dynamic stresses and pore pressures at symmetrical places under the structure and the differential settlement at symmetrical vertexes of the structure are achieved. Results show that:(1) the vertical dynamic stress histories are easily taken with the antisymmetrical distribution in the two sides of the symmetrical foundation;(2) the vertical dynamic pressing stresses in the two sides of the symmetrical foundation are very important for increase of pore-pressure;(3) the asymmetry of the seismic waves bring unbalanced distribution and differential settlement;and (4) when inputting sine-wave,the contrasts of dynamic stresses and pore pressures at symmetrical places under the structure are not obvious;and the uniform settlement will happen.
The shaking table test of soil-structure interaction(SSI) is introduced. It includes the earthquake- wave-input large table tests and sine-wave-input small table tests. The structure and the subsoil are uniformly distributed;and one direction horizontal seismic waves are input. The dynamic stresses and pore pressures at symmetrical places under the structure and the differential settlement at symmetrical vertexes of the structure are achieved. Results show that:(1) the vertical dynamic stress histories are easily taken with the antisymmetrical distribution in the two sides of the symmetrical foundation;(2) the vertical dynamic pressing stresses in the two sides of the symmetrical foundation are very important for increase of pore-pressure;(3) the asymmetry of the seismic waves bring unbalanced distribution and differential settlement;and (4) when inputting sine-wave,the contrasts of dynamic stresses and pore pressures at symmetrical places under the structure are not obvious;and the uniform settlement will happen.
引文
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[9]石兆吉,郁寿松,翁鹿年.塘沽新港地区震陷计算分析[J].土木工程学报,1988,35(4):24–33.(Shi Zhaoji,Yu Shousong,Weng Lunian.Analysis for earthquake-induced settlement at Tanggu New Port area[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1988,35(4):24–33.(in Chinese))
[10]孟上九,袁晓铭,孙锐.建筑物不均匀震陷机制的振动台实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(6):747–751.(Meng Shangjiu,Yuan Xiaoming,Sun Rui.Study on mechanism of earthquake-induced differential settlement of building by shaking table test[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(6):747–751.(in Chinese))
[2]刘颖,谢君斐.砂土震动液化[M].北京:地震出版社,1984.(Liu Ying,Xie Junfei.Shaking Liquefaction of Sand[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1984.(in Chinese))
[3]陈国兴.液化判别的可靠性及液化危险性分析[硕士学位论文][D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所,1988.(Chen Guoxing.Reliability of estimating liquefaction and risk evaluation of liquefaction[M.S.Thesis][D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,National Seismological Bureau,1988.(in Chinese))
[4]Seed H B,Martin P P,Lysmer J.Pore-water pressure changes during soil liquefaction[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1976,102(9):323–346.
[5]Seed H B,Idriss I M,Lee KL.Dynamic analysis of the slide in the lower San Fernando dam during the earthquake of February9,1971[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1975,101(9):889–911.
[6]石兆吉,张荣祥,孙锐.液化土层隔震和地基失效共同作用下多层砖房震害分析[J].自然灾害学报,1995,4(1):55–63.(Shi Zhaoji,Zhang Rongxiang,Sun Rui.Seismic analysis of the multistory masonry building under interaction of the soil liquefactionseismic-isolation and the foundation failure[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,1995,4(1):55–63.(in Chinese))
[7]Meneses J,Ishihara K,Towhata I.Effects of superimposing cyclic shear stress on the undrained behavior of saturated sand under monotonic loading[J].Soils and Foundations,1998,38(4):115–127.
[8]刘汉龙,周云东,高玉峰.砂土地震液化后大变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):142–146.(Liu Hanlong,Zhou Yundong,Gao Yufeng.Study on the behavior of large ground displacement of sand due to seismic liquefaction[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):142–146.(in Chinese))
[9]石兆吉,郁寿松,翁鹿年.塘沽新港地区震陷计算分析[J].土木工程学报,1988,35(4):24–33.(Shi Zhaoji,Yu Shousong,Weng Lunian.Analysis for earthquake-induced settlement at Tanggu New Port area[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1988,35(4):24–33.(in Chinese))
[10]孟上九,袁晓铭,孙锐.建筑物不均匀震陷机制的振动台实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(6):747–751.(Meng Shangjiu,Yuan Xiaoming,Sun Rui.Study on mechanism of earthquake-induced differential settlement of building by shaking table test[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(6):747–751.(in Chinese))
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