冲击荷载下单层球面网壳的失效机理
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摘要
为研究单层球面网壳在冲击荷载下的失效机理,在ANSYS/LS-DYNA中建立60m跨度K8型单层球面网壳与圆柱形冲击物的数值模型并进行数值分析,总结了网壳结构的4种失效模式。通过对失效全过程的分析,从能量的角度将失效过程分为能量施加、能量传递与损失、能量消耗3个阶段。之后分别从能量传递与杆件破坏形式2方面揭示了网壳的失效机理。能量分析表明:剩余能量(Elf)对结构最终动力响应及失效模式起决定作用,而Elf只是初始冲击能量中除去冲击物穿透损失与网壳局部破坏损失后的剩余部分。通过对杆件破坏形式的分析发现:杆件的破坏可能滞后于冲击荷载的作用,且杆件的破坏形式决定其传递能量的能力,当杆件发生拉伸破坏时,其强度被充分利用,传递的能量最多,Elf值较大,网壳整体破坏严重。杆件的破坏形式与Elf及网壳整体的失效模式间有很好的对应关系。
Numerical models for single-layer Kiewitt-8 reticulated domes with the span of 60 m and cylinder impactors were established by the ANSYS/LS-DYNA program and a series of numerical simulations were carried out. Four failure modes for the reticulated domes were put forward according as the displacement and plastic deformation. The whole failure process was divided into three steps including energy applying, energy loss and energy transfer, energy consumption, by the dynamic response characteristics of each step. Failure mechanisms of the reticulated domes were explained at the two aspects of energy transfer and failure types for members in impact zones. Energy analysis displays that the left energy (Elf) is the main factor to decide the final dynamic response and failure mode, but Elf is the initial impact energy eliminated penetrating loss by the impactor and local breakage loss by members in the impact zone. Analysis for failure types of members indicates that failure of members may lag by contrast the end of impact load, and failure types of members decide the ability of energy transfer. When remembers undergo tension failure, intensities of members are made full use of, the most energy is transferred, the left energy is more, and the whole reticulated dome experiences severe breakage. Moreover, there is a good consistent relationship among failure types of members, failure modes of the reticulated dome and left energy.
Numerical models for single-layer Kiewitt-8 reticulated domes with the span of 60 m and cylinder impactors were established by the ANSYS/LS-DYNA program and a series of numerical simulations were carried out. Four failure modes for the reticulated domes were put forward according as the displacement and plastic deformation. The whole failure process was divided into three steps including energy applying, energy loss and energy transfer, energy consumption, by the dynamic response characteristics of each step. Failure mechanisms of the reticulated domes were explained at the two aspects of energy transfer and failure types for members in impact zones. Energy analysis displays that the left energy (Elf) is the main factor to decide the final dynamic response and failure mode, but Elf is the initial impact energy eliminated penetrating loss by the impactor and local breakage loss by members in the impact zone. Analysis for failure types of members indicates that failure of members may lag by contrast the end of impact load, and failure types of members decide the ability of energy transfer. When remembers undergo tension failure, intensities of members are made full use of, the most energy is transferred, the left energy is more, and the whole reticulated dome experiences severe breakage. Moreover, there is a good consistent relationship among failure types of members, failure modes of the reticulated dome and left energy.
引文
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[18]FAN Feng,WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Failure mechanismfor single-layer reticulated dome under i m-pact loads based on microcosmic dynamic response[C]∥International Symposiumon Advances in Mechanics,Ma-terials and Structures.Zhejiang:Zhejiang University,2008:155-164.
[19]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.冲击荷载作用下单层球面网壳的动力响应规律[C]∥第十二届空间结构学术会议论文集.北京,2008:70-74.
[20]王多智,支旭东,范峰,等.冲击荷载下K8单层球面网壳的破坏类型[J].工程力学,2008,25(suppl):144-149.WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,FANFeng,et al.Failure patterns of kiewitt8single-layer reticulated domes under i mpact loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25suppl:144-149.
[21]安世亚太北京有限公司.ANSYS/LS-DYNA使用指南[M].北京:安世亚太,1999:50-62.
[2]熊明祥.钢框架组合结构的冲击响应和防护措施研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[3]Bonder S R,Symonds P S.Experi ments on dynamic plastic loading of frames[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1979,15(1):1-13.
[4]Symonds P S,Chon C T.Large viscoplastic deflections of i mpulsivelyloaded plane frames[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1979,15(1):15-31.
[5]刘锋,吕西林.冲击载荷作用下框架结构的非线性动力响应[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):107-114.LI U Feng,L Xi-lin.Nonlinear dynamic responses of i mpulsive loaded frame structure[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(2):107-114.
[6]Lindberg B,Pedersen J B.Plastic deformation of i mpact loaded frames[J].International Journal of I mpact Engi-neering,1987,6(2):101-108.
[7]周清,余同希,黄筑平.直角刚架在撞击作用下的塑性大挠度响应[J].爆炸与冲击,1989,9(2):120-129.ZHOU Qing,YU Tong-xi,HUANG Zhu-ping.The large deflection of plastic response of a right-angle frame to i mpact[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1989,9(2):120-129.
[8]Lynn K M,Isobe D.Structural collapse analysis of framed structures under i mpact loads using ASI-Gauss finite ele-ment method[J].International Journal of I mpact Engineering,2007,34(9):1500-1516.
[9]陆新征,江见鲸.世界贸易中心飞机冲击后倒塌过程的仿真分析[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(6):8-10.LU Xin-zheng,JIANGJian-jing.Dynamic finite element si mulationfor the collapse of world trade center[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(6):8-10.
[10]赵振东,钟江荣,余世舟.钢混结构物受外来飞射体冲击的破坏效应研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(5):89-94.ZHAO Zhen-dong,ZHONGJiang-rong,YU Shi-zhou.Study on damage to reinforced concrete structures by i m-pacting of an aircraft[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(5):89-94.
[11]郭可.单层球面网壳在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应分析[D].太原:太原理工大学,2004.
[12]史俊亮.K8型单层网壳在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2005.
[13]李海旺,郭可,魏剑伟,等.冲击载荷作用下单层球面网壳动力响应模型实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2006,26(1):39-45.LI Hai-wang,GUO Ke,WEI Jian-wei,et al.The dynamic response of a single-layer reticulated shell to drop hammer i mpact[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2006,26(1):39-45.
[14]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.考虑重力效应的单层球面网壳抗冲击荷载性能研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(8):19-23.WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,FAN Feng,et al.Performance for single-layer reticulated domes under i mpact load and gravity[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2009,41(8):19-23.
[15]范峰,王多智,支旭东,等.K8型单层球面网壳抗冲击荷载性能研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(6):75-81.FAN Feng,WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Performance for Kiewitt8single-layer reticulated domes subjec-ted to i mpact load[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(6):75-81.
[16]FAN Feng,WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Failure modes for single-layer reticulated domes under i mpact loads[J].Transactions of Tianjin University,2008,14suppl:545-550.
[17]WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,FAN Feng,et al.Failure process and energy transmissionfor single-layer reticu-lated domes under i mpact loads[J].Transactions of Tianjin University,2008,14suppl:551-557.
[18]FAN Feng,WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Failure mechanismfor single-layer reticulated dome under i m-pact loads based on microcosmic dynamic response[C]∥International Symposiumon Advances in Mechanics,Ma-terials and Structures.Zhejiang:Zhejiang University,2008:155-164.
[19]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.冲击荷载作用下单层球面网壳的动力响应规律[C]∥第十二届空间结构学术会议论文集.北京,2008:70-74.
[20]王多智,支旭东,范峰,等.冲击荷载下K8单层球面网壳的破坏类型[J].工程力学,2008,25(suppl):144-149.WANG Duo-zhi,ZHI Xu-dong,FANFeng,et al.Failure patterns of kiewitt8single-layer reticulated domes under i mpact loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25suppl:144-149.
[21]安世亚太北京有限公司.ANSYS/LS-DYNA使用指南[M].北京:安世亚太,1999:50-62.
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