羌塘盆地地震资料宽线采集方法研究
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摘要
羌塘盆地前期常规二维地震勘探中,获得的资料有效波反射能量较弱,波组连续性较差,相干噪声、散射噪声较强,资料信噪比较低。分析认为提高覆盖次数对该区的叠加成像效果有明显改善,在此基础上,提出了3种宽线观测系统采集方案,经理论分析和应用对比,2L2S(炮点分布在接收线之外35m)的宽线观测系统为最佳方案。实践表明:该方案在压制侧向的散射噪声、相干噪声有较好的效果;在单线采集的基础上成倍地增加了叠加剖面覆盖次数,增强了有效信号,提高了资料的整体信噪比。
There are weaker reflect wave energy,poor wave group continuity,stronger coherent noise and scattering noise,and lower signal to noise ratio(SNR) of data in the early 2-D seismic exploration of Qiangtang Basin.After analyses,it is considered that raising coverage number of times can obviously improve the stacked imaging effect of the area.Therefore,three acquisition plans for wide-line observation system were proposed out.By theory analyses and application contrast,the 2L2S(shot points were distributed at 35 meters beyond the receiving line) plan is proved to be the optimum.The scheme can effectively suppress the lateral scattering noise and coherent noise,increase the coverage number of times of stacked profile in multiples,strengthen the effective signal,and improve the whole SNR of data.
There are weaker reflect wave energy,poor wave group continuity,stronger coherent noise and scattering noise,and lower signal to noise ratio(SNR) of data in the early 2-D seismic exploration of Qiangtang Basin.After analyses,it is considered that raising coverage number of times can obviously improve the stacked imaging effect of the area.Therefore,three acquisition plans for wide-line observation system were proposed out.By theory analyses and application contrast,the 2L2S(shot points were distributed at 35 meters beyond the receiving line) plan is proved to be the optimum.The scheme can effectively suppress the lateral scattering noise and coherent noise,increase the coverage number of times of stacked profile in multiples,strengthen the effective signal,and improve the whole SNR of data.
引文
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[2]刘依谋,梁向豪,黄有晖,等.库车坳陷复杂山地宽线采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):418-424.
[3]白海生.青海西南部海相侏罗纪地层新认识[J].地质评论,1989,35(6):529-536.
[4]费琪,邓忠凡.西藏特提斯构造域海相油气前景].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,1996,21(2):113-119.
[5]阎世信,刘怀山,姚雪根.山地地球物理勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:26-27.
[6]李勇,王成善,伊海生,等.青藏高原中侏罗世-早白垩世羌塘复合型前陆盆地充填模式.沉积学报[J],2001,19(1):20-27.
[7]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].北京:石油工业出版杜,1982.
[8]吴超,彭更新,雷刚林,等.宽线加大基距组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290-295.
[9]裘慰庭,郝顺元,高章伟.地震勘探采集技术论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993,116-140.
[10]高海燕.宽线地震技术在辽河盆地西部凹陷八一水库区域勘探的应用[J].东北地震研究,2002,18(2):57-62.
[11]卢占国,吕景峰,刘新文,等.复杂山地宽线大组合优化应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2009,32(1):18-20,25.
[12]谭绍泉.基于模型分析的潜山断裂带优化观测系统参数设计方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(5):415-422.
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