基于SVD的正交多项式变换及其在地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
在地震资料中,噪声干扰严重影响了资料的品质,为此必须进行有效的去噪处理。通过对正交多项式变换方法的研究,本文提出一种基于奇异值分解(SVD)算法的正交多项式变换压制地震资料噪音的方法。将地震资料经过正交多项式变换后,有效信号和噪音在正交多项式系数上的分布不同,使用奇异值分解算法可以有效地分离有效信号和噪音。经合成地震记录模型及实际地震数据的处理结果表明,该方法不仅能够有效地进行信噪分离,而且可以减少对振幅的畸变,同时增强了反射同相轴的连续性。
In seismic data,noise has a serious impact on the quality of seismic data,so noise attenuation processing is needed.Based on the research the orthogonal polynomials transform method,a new noise attenuation method based on orthogonal polynomials transform using SVD is proposed in this paper.After orthogonal polynomials transform,the orthogonal polynomials coefficients describe different energy distribution of effective signal and noise,and the effective signal and noise can be distinguished by SVD algorithm.The processing results of synthetic model data and real seismic data show that this method can not only attenuate the noise,but also reduce the distortion of amplitude,and meanwhile it enhances the consistence of reflection events.
In seismic data,noise has a serious impact on the quality of seismic data,so noise attenuation processing is needed.Based on the research the orthogonal polynomials transform method,a new noise attenuation method based on orthogonal polynomials transform using SVD is proposed in this paper.After orthogonal polynomials transform,the orthogonal polynomials coefficients describe different energy distribution of effective signal and noise,and the effective signal and noise can be distinguished by SVD algorithm.The processing results of synthetic model data and real seismic data show that this method can not only attenuate the noise,but also reduce the distortion of amplitude,and meanwhile it enhances the consistence of reflection events.
引文
[1]钟伟,杨宝俊,张智.多项式拟合技术在强噪声地震资料中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):184~189.
[2]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法综合评述[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(增刊):121~127.
[3]刘贵忠,宗涛.利用纵向小波包变换和横向多项式拟合提高地震信号的信噪比和分辨率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):584~592.
[4]俞寿朋,蔡希铃.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):131~139.
[5]万海涛,苏永昌,俞寿朋.3-D叠后地震资料多项式拟合提高信噪比和道内差[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(2):208~212.
[6]刘洋,李承楚.地震资料信噪比估计的几种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(2):257~262.
[7]陆文凯,李衍达.SVD分解提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊):145~149.
[2]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法综合评述[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(增刊):121~127.
[3]刘贵忠,宗涛.利用纵向小波包变换和横向多项式拟合提高地震信号的信噪比和分辨率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):584~592.
[4]俞寿朋,蔡希铃.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):131~139.
[5]万海涛,苏永昌,俞寿朋.3-D叠后地震资料多项式拟合提高信噪比和道内差[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(2):208~212.
[6]刘洋,李承楚.地震资料信噪比估计的几种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(2):257~262.
[7]陆文凯,李衍达.SVD分解提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊):145~149.
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