基于MATLAB平台的传感器优化布置工具箱的开发及应用
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摘要
传感器的合理布置是结构健康监测系统有效实施的关键技术之一。总结了几种常用的传感器优化布置准则和方法,以大型科学计算软件MATLAB作为平台,基于命令行M文件编程和GUI辅助的图形界面设计两种方式,集成开发一个传感器优化布置工具箱,功能涵盖:逐步累积法、逐步消去法、广义遗传算法以及有效独立法;详细介绍工具箱的构建流程和操作方法,并以东北第一高楼大连世贸大厦为例,进行传感器优化布置方案的选择,结果表明该工具箱界面友好、操作简便、功能丰富、扩展性好,能为结构健康监测系统快速地提供一套传感器优化布置方案。
The determination of an optimal sensor placement(OSP) is critical in the construction and implementation of an effective structural health monitoring(SHM) system.The common OSP principles and methods are summarized,and taking the software MATLAB as a platform,an OSP toolbox is developed based on command-line M-files compilation and GUI-aided graphical interface design.The function of the toolbox includes forward sequential sensor placement(FSSP),backward sequential sensor placement(BSSP),generalized genetic algorithm(GGA) and effective independence method(EfI).The building process and operation method for the toolbox are introduced in detail,and the scheme selection of OSP is carried out for the tallest building in northeastern China-the Dalian World Trade Building by using the developed toolbox.The results indicate that the software package has friendly interface,plenty of functions and good expansibility,and can be effectively applied in practice.
The determination of an optimal sensor placement(OSP) is critical in the construction and implementation of an effective structural health monitoring(SHM) system.The common OSP principles and methods are summarized,and taking the software MATLAB as a platform,an OSP toolbox is developed based on command-line M-files compilation and GUI-aided graphical interface design.The function of the toolbox includes forward sequential sensor placement(FSSP),backward sequential sensor placement(BSSP),generalized genetic algorithm(GGA) and effective independence method(EfI).The building process and operation method for the toolbox are introduced in detail,and the scheme selection of OSP is carried out for the tallest building in northeastern China-the Dalian World Trade Building by using the developed toolbox.The results indicate that the software package has friendly interface,plenty of functions and good expansibility,and can be effectively applied in practice.
引文
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[2]李宏男,高东伟,伊廷华.土木工程结构健康监测系统的研究状况与进展[J].力学进展,2008,38(2):151-166(Li Hongnan,Gao Dongwei,Yi Tinghua.Advances instructural health monitoring systems in civil engineering[J].Advances in Mechanics,2008,38(2):151-166(inChinese))
[3]李宏男,李东升.土木工程结构安全性评估、健康监测及诊断述评[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(3):82-90(Li Hongnan,Li Dongsheng.Safety assessment,health monitoring and damage diagnosis for structures in civilengineering[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering-lgVibration,2002,22(3):82-90(in Chinese))
[4]Kammer D C,Tinker M L.Optimal placement of triaxialaccelerometers for modal vibration tests[J].MechanicalSystems and Signal Processing,2004,18(1):29-41
[5]Papadimitriou C.Optimal sensor placement methodology forparametric identification of structural systems[J].Journalof Sound and Vibration,2004,278(4/5):923-947
[6]Dhuri K D,Seshu P.Multi-objective optimization of piezoactuator placement and sizing using genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2009,323(3/4/5):495-514
[7]刘福强,张令弥.作动器/传感器优化配置的研究进展[J].力学进展,2000,30(4):506-516(Liu Fuqiang,Zhang Lingmi.Advances in optimal placement of actuatorsand sensors[J].Advances in Mechanics,2000,30(4):506-516(in Chinese))
[8]Carne TG,Dohmann C R.Amodal test design strategy formodal correlation[C]//Proceedings of the 13thInternational Modal Analysis Conference.NewYork:UnionCollege,1995:927-933
[9]李东升,李宏男,任亮,等.传感器布设中有效独立法的简捷快速算法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2009,29(1):103-108(Li Dongsheng,Li Hongnan,Ren Liang,etal.Simple and fast computation algorithm of the effectiveindependence for sensor placement[J].Journal of DisasterPrevention and Mitigation Engineering,2009,29(1):103-108(in Chinese))
[10]董聪.广义遗传算法[J].大自然探索,1998,63(1):33-37(Dong Cong.Generalized genetic algorithm[J].Nature Exploration,1998,63(1):33-37(in Chinese))
[11]刘保柱,苏彦华,张宏林.MATLAB 7.0从入门到精通(修订版)[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010
[12]伊廷华,李宏男,王国新.基于简化模型的超高层结构传感器优化布置[J].计算力学学报,2008,25(4):417-423(Yi Tinghua,Li Hongnan,Wang Guoxin.Optimal sensor placement for super high-rise building basedon simplified finite element model[J].Chinese Journal ofComputational Mechanics,2008,25(4):417-423(inChinese))
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