室外液氯泄漏条件下室内气体浓度影响因素的研究
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摘要
以液氯储罐泄漏为研究对象,运用ALOHA软件进行模拟分析。结果表明,泄漏后相同地点室外浓度均远高于室内浓度,室内气体的浓度随距离的增加而减小,浓度峰值的出现在时间上较室外有延迟。研究了液氯室外泄漏情况下影响室内气体浓度的各种因素。随着换气次数的增加,室内气体的最高浓度不断增加,浓度下降的速率也增大。风速和地面粗糙度的增加均会降低室内气体的最高浓度。室内气体的最高浓度随温度的上升而有所增加,但影响并不显著。连续泄漏时,室内外浓度均低于瞬时泄漏时的浓度。连续泄漏时室内浓度上升到最高值时需要的时间较长。
In this paper the liquified chlorine tank leakage was simulated by ALOHA.It shoned that gas concentration outdoor is much higher than indoor at the same place after leakage.The gas concentration indoor decreases with the increasing of distance.The maximum of concentration indoor arises later than outdoor.The influencing factors of gas concentration indoor under contion of liquified chlorine leaking outdoor were studied.The maximum concentration indoor and the rate of the concentration decreasing increase with the addition of air changes.The increasing of wind speed and ground roughness decrease the maximum concentration indoor.The maximum concentration indoor rise a little when air temperature goes up.The effect of temperature is not remarkable.When continuous leakage appears,the concentration indoor and outdoor are both lower than uncontinuous leakage.The concentration indoor rising to the maximum value needs more time if continuous leakage appears.
In this paper the liquified chlorine tank leakage was simulated by ALOHA.It shoned that gas concentration outdoor is much higher than indoor at the same place after leakage.The gas concentration indoor decreases with the increasing of distance.The maximum of concentration indoor arises later than outdoor.The influencing factors of gas concentration indoor under contion of liquified chlorine leaking outdoor were studied.The maximum concentration indoor and the rate of the concentration decreasing increase with the addition of air changes.The increasing of wind speed and ground roughness decrease the maximum concentration indoor.The maximum concentration indoor rise a little when air temperature goes up.The effect of temperature is not remarkable.When continuous leakage appears,the concentration indoor and outdoor are both lower than uncontinuous leakage.The concentration indoor rising to the maximum value needs more time if continuous leakage appears.
引文
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[2]Aurelia Dandrieux,Gilles Dusserre,James Ollivier.Small scale field experiments of chlorine dispersion[J].Journal of loss pre-vention in the process industries,2002,15(1):5～10
[3]黄韬,江诗咏.模糊综合评价法在液氯运输过程安全性评估的应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2007,3(3):58～64HUANG Tao,JIANG Shi-yong.Applying Fuzzy Comprehensive E-valuation Method on Road Transport System of Liquid Chlorine[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2007,3(3):58～64
[4]王东东,刘茂,李剑峰,等.小区域氯气扩散的CFD模拟研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(3):126～130WANG Dong-dong,LIU Mao,LI Jian-feng,et al.CFD simulation of small-scale chlorine dispersion[J].Journal of Safety and Envi-ronment,2008,8(3):126～130
[5]林远方,程乃伟.危险化学品泄漏事故应急救援辅助决策方法研究[J].沈阳航空工业学院学报,2009,26(2):73～76LIN Yuan-fang,CHENG Nai-wei.Research on Emergency Assis-tant Rescue Decision-making Method of Hazardous Chemicals Leakage Accident[J].Journal of Shenyang Institute of Aeronauti-cal Engineering,2009,26(2):73～76
[6]杨玉胜.基于大气扩散模型的危险化学品事故疏散模拟训练方法[J].武警学院学报,2009,25(2):51～53YANG Yu-sheng.The Method of the Evacuation Simulation and Training about Hazardous Chemical Accidents Based on Gas Dis-persion Software[J].Journal of Chinese People's Armed Police Force Acadedy,2009,25(2):51～53
[7]刘帅,徐汝意,孙静.液化石油气罐车火灾爆炸后果风险定量评估[J].山东轻工业学院学报,2009,23(3):75～79LIU Shuai,XU Ru-yi,SUN Jing.Quantitative Risk Assessment of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Tanker Fire and Explosion Consequences[J].Journal of Shandong Institute of Light Industry,2009,23(3):75～79
[8]EPA,NOAA.Aloha user's manual.US,2006
[9]相艳景,刘茂,张永强,等.ALOHA软件模拟分析环氧乙烷储罐泄漏事故[J].中国公共安全,2008,Z1:49～53XIANG Yan-jing,LIU Mao,ZHANG Yong-qiang,et al.Simula-tion Analysis on the Ethylene Oxide Tank Leak Accidents by Using the Simulation Software ALOHA[J].China Public Security,2008,Z1:49～53
[10]朱伯龄,於孝春,李育娟.气体扩散过程及影响因素研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2009,38(4):354～359ZHU Bo-ling,YU Xiao-chun,LI Yu-juan.Research on Influen-cing Factors in the Process of Gas Leakage and Dispersion[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2009,38(4):354～359
[11]谢红梅,赵江平,宋倩文.化工企业地震次生泄漏事故应急及无害化处理.中国安全生产科学技术,2010,6(1):134～138XIE Hong-mei,ZHAO Jiang-ping,SONG Qian-wen.Emergency measures and harmless treatment of secondary leakage on chemi-cal enterprises in the earthquake.Journal of Safety Science andTechnology,2010,6(1):134～138
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