古建木构铺作层侧向刚度的试验研究
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摘要
通过对单铺作、两铺作、四铺作模型的低周反复荷载试验,研究了枓栱侧向刚度的退化规律。试验得出了单铺作、两铺作、四铺作的力-位移滞回曲线及骨架曲线。通过试验可以看出铺作层的变形是以水平滑移为主。摩擦滑移具有耗能、隔振作用,这也是古建筑木结构有着良好的抗震性能的重要因素。试验模型的滞回曲线呈平行四边形,滞回面积饱满。这说明铺作层具有良好的滞回耗能特性。铺作层的力学模型属于线性强化弹塑性模型。根据试验得出的恢复力模型反应了铺作层的恢复力特性及刚度变化规律,适应于同类木结构的静力传递和结构动力分析计算研究。
Through low cyclic loadings of single Dougong,two Dougongs and four Dougongs,the degradation of the lateral stiffness of Dougong was studied.According to the test,the hysteresis curve and skeleton curve of force-displacement were obtained and the formula of resilience model and mechanical model were established.From the experiment,it is by all appearances that slippage is the main deformation of Dougong.Energy dissipation due to frictional slippage is an important reason for the excellent seismic behavior of ancient wooden structures.Hysteretic loops of Dougong give the appearance of parallelogram.Plump area of the hysteretic loop accounts for its excellent ability of energy dissipation performance.The mechanics model of Dougong belongs to linear strengthening elastic-plastic model.Both the fitting equation of force-displacement and resilience model reflect the changes in the stiffness of Dougong,and can be used to the research on static load delivery as well as dynamic structural analysis and calculation of similar wooden structures.
Through low cyclic loadings of single Dougong,two Dougongs and four Dougongs,the degradation of the lateral stiffness of Dougong was studied.According to the test,the hysteresis curve and skeleton curve of force-displacement were obtained and the formula of resilience model and mechanical model were established.From the experiment,it is by all appearances that slippage is the main deformation of Dougong.Energy dissipation due to frictional slippage is an important reason for the excellent seismic behavior of ancient wooden structures.Hysteretic loops of Dougong give the appearance of parallelogram.Plump area of the hysteretic loop accounts for its excellent ability of energy dissipation performance.The mechanics model of Dougong belongs to linear strengthening elastic-plastic model.Both the fitting equation of force-displacement and resilience model reflect the changes in the stiffness of Dougong,and can be used to the research on static load delivery as well as dynamic structural analysis and calculation of similar wooden structures.
引文
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[2]赵均海,俞茂宏,杨松岩,孙家驹.中国古建筑木结构枓栱的动力实验研究[J].实验力学,1999,14(1):106―112.Zhao Junhai,Yu Maohong,Yang Songyan,Sun Jiaju.An experimental study for the dynamic characteristics of‘Dougong’—one of the wooden structure parts in ancient architecture of China[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,1999,14(1):106―112.(in Chinese)
[3]方东平,俞茂宏,宫本裕,岩崎正二,彦坂熙.木结构古建筑结构特性的计算研究[J].工程力学,2001,18(1):137―144.Fang Dongping,Yu Maohong,Miyamoto Y,Iwasaki S,Hikosaka H.Experimentel studies on structural characteristics of ancient timber architectures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2001,18(1):137―144.(in Chinese)
[4]李诫(宋).营造法式[M].上海:商务印书馆,1954.Li Jie(Dynasty Song).Ying-tsao-fa-shih[M].Shanghai:Shangwu Yin-Shu Guan,1954.(in Chinese)
[5]梁思成.梁思成全集.第七卷[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.Liang Sicheng.Liang Sicheng corpus.volume seven[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[6]潘德华.枓栱[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2004.Pan Dehua.Dougong[M].Nanjing:Southeast University Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[7]咸大庆,刘瑞霞.木结构设计手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.Xian Daqing,Liu Ruixia.Timber structure design manual[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[8]薛建阳,张鹏程,赵鸿铁.古建木结构抗震机理的探讨[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2000,32(1):8―11.Xue Jianyang,Zhang Pengcheng,Zhao Hongtie.Study on the aseismic mechanism of historic timber structural building[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2000,32(1):8―11.(in Chinese)
[9]张鹏程,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,高大峰.中国古建筑的防震思想[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(4):1―6.Zhang Pengcheng,Zhao Hongtie,Xue Jianyang,Gao Dafeng.Thoughts of earthquake resistance in Chinese ancient buildings[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2001,17(4):1―6.(in Chinese)
[10]张文芳,李世温,程文瀼.一类枓栱木结构恢复力特性的模型试验研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),1997,27(1):65―70.Zhang Wenfang,Li Shiwen,Cheng Wenrang.Experimental research on restoring force of wooden structures with dou-shaped arch nodes[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),1997,27(1):65―70.(in Chinese)
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