FBG应变传感系统在巷道涌水模型试验中的研究
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摘要
针对传统的电类应变传感器防水性能差、测量精度低和不能满足巷道涌水模型试验的需要等问题,基于模型相似材料研制了一种新型光纤光栅(FBG)应变传感器。采用波分复用(WDM)技术和Fabry-Perot(F-P)腔解调技术组成FBG应变传感网络,并编写了具有实时显示和自动预警功能的系统软件。将该系统用在巷道涌水模型试验中,在巷道周围布置了14个FBG应变传感器,对巷道推进过程以及模型加载和巷道扩挖过程中围岩应变进行实时监测。试验结果表明,设计的FBG应变监测系统测量精度高,防水性能强,并且提前4 206 s成功捕获了巷道涌水前兆信息,为预测煤矿矿等涌水事故提供了一种新的有效手段。
Traditional electric strain sensors have poor waterproof performance and low precision,so they are unsuitable for laneway water inrush model test.To solve these problems,a novel fiber-optic grating strain sensor based on similar material to model is developed.The fiber-optic sensing network is established using the wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology and F-P demodulating technology,and the software with real-time display and automatic warning is compiled.The system is used in laneway water inrush model test and 14 fiber-optic Bragg grating strain sensors are pre-embedded around the laneway to monitor the strain of surrounding rock in the processes of laneway pushing,model loading and laneway expanding excavation.The results indicate that the presented system has higher precision and is waterproof.Moreover,it can successfully capture the precursory information 4206 s before water inrush.Therefore,it provides a novel and effective approach for forecasting water inrush of mine.
Traditional electric strain sensors have poor waterproof performance and low precision,so they are unsuitable for laneway water inrush model test.To solve these problems,a novel fiber-optic grating strain sensor based on similar material to model is developed.The fiber-optic sensing network is established using the wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology and F-P demodulating technology,and the software with real-time display and automatic warning is compiled.The system is used in laneway water inrush model test and 14 fiber-optic Bragg grating strain sensors are pre-embedded around the laneway to monitor the strain of surrounding rock in the processes of laneway pushing,model loading and laneway expanding excavation.The results indicate that the presented system has higher precision and is waterproof.Moreover,it can successfully capture the precursory information 4206 s before water inrush.Therefore,it provides a novel and effective approach for forecasting water inrush of mine.
引文
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[22]LI Li-ping.Study on catastrophe evolution mechanism of karstwater inrush and its engineering application of high risk karsttunnel[D].Shandong:Shandong University,2009.李利平.高风险岩溶隧道突水灾变演化机理及其应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2009.
[2]LI Feng-rong,CHEN Zhen-fu,WANG He-zhi.Distribution ruleand control techniques over bed separation water in coal seamroof[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(2):239-243.李凤荣,陈真富,王和志.煤层顶板离层水体分布规律及防治技术探讨[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(2):239-243.
[3]KONG Hai-ling,CHEN Zhan-qing,BU Wan-kui,et al.A primaryexploration on the relationships among loading key strata,Wa-ter-resisting key strata and seepage key strata[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2008,33(5):485-488.孔海陵,陈占清,卜万奎,等.承载关键层、隔水关键层和渗流关键层关系初探[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(5):485-488.
[4]SUN Ya-jun,XU Zhi-min,DONG Qing-hong,et al.Forecastingwater disaster for a coal mine under the Xiaolangdi reservoir[J].China Univ Mining&Technol,2008,18:0516-0520.
[5]LIU Ai-hua,PENG Shu-quan,LI Xi-bing,et al.Development andapplication of similar physical model experiment system forwater inrush mechanism in deep mining[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1335-1341.刘爱华,彭述权,李夕兵,等.深部开采取承压突水机制相似物理模型试验系统研制及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1335-1341.
[6]WANG Han-peng,LI Shu-cai,et al.Research progress of geo-mechanical model test with new technology and its engineeringapplication[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engi-neering,2009,28(1):2765-2771.王汉鹏,李术才,郑学芬,等.地质力学模型试验新技术研究进展及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(1):2765-2771.
[7]CHEN Lu-wang,BAI Shi-wei,YIN xiao-xi,et al.Plane-strainmodel tests on rock-burst of horseshoe section caverns in hardand brittle rockmass[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2008,30(10):1520-1526.陈陆望,白世伟,殷晓曦,等.坚硬岩体中马蹄形洞室岩爆破坏平面应变模型试验[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(10):1520-1526.
[8]ZHAO Yu,LU Yi-yu,CHEN Hao.A plane strain modeling studyof a three-center arch for deep tunnels[J].China Civil Engi-neering Journal,2010,43(3):68-74.赵瑜,卢义玉,陈浩.深埋隧道三心拱洞室平面应变模型试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(3):68-74.
[9]LU Zhe-an,JIANG Zhi-xue,SHI Yu-hua,et al.Application studyof FBG sensing technology in bridge monitoring[J].Journal ofWuhan University of Technology,2003,25(11):57-59.卢哲安,江志学,石玉华,等.光纤光栅传感技术在桥梁监测中的应用研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2003,25(11):57-59.
[10]TIAN Fei-fei,CONG Jia-wei,YUN Bin-feng,et al.A fiber Bragggrating current sensor with temperature compensation[J].Op-toelectronics Letters,2009,5(5):347-351.
[11]JIANG Qi,KANG Yan-shen.Highly sensitive FBG temperaturemeasurement based on a wavelength pumped multiplexing fil-ter and two optical channels[J].Optoelectronics Letters,2010,6(4):306-309.
[12]Lia W Y,Chenga C C,Lob Y L.Investigation of strain transmis-sion of surface-bonded FBGs used as strain sensors[J].Sen-sors and Actuators A,2009,149(2):201-207.
[13]William R A,Zachary W G,Jose R Z,et al.Multiplexed FiberBragg Grating Interrogation System Using a Microelectrol me-chanical Fabry-Perot Tunable Filter[J].IEEE Sensors Journal,2009,9(8):937-943.
[14]ZHAO Xue-feng,SONG Gang-bing,Michael Fernandez,et al.Research on one kind of long sensing gauge fiber Bragg gratingsensor with pretension[J].Journal of Optoelectronics.Laser,2009,20(5):576-579.赵雪峰,宋钢兵,Michael Fernandez,等.一种预张拉大标距光纤光栅应变传感器的研究[J].光电子.激光,2009,20(5):576-579.
[15]ZHANGWen-tao,LIU Yu-liang,LI Fang.Fiber Bragg gratingpressure sensor based on deformation of flat diaphragm[J].Journal of Optoelectronics.Laser,2008,19(7):899-901.张文涛,刘育梁,李芳.一种基于平膜片挠度的光纤光栅压力传感器[J].光电子.激光,2008,19(7):899-901.
[16]Kerrouche A,Boylea W J O,Gebremichaela Y,et al.Fieldtests of fiber Bragg grating sensors incorporated into CFRP forrailway bridge strengthening condition monitoring[J].Sensorsand Actuators A,2008,148(1):68-74.
[17]Moyoa P,Brownjohnb J M W,Sureshc R,et al.Development offiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring civil infrastructure[J].Engineering Structures2005,27(12):1828-1834.
[18]XIANG Lian-qing,LI Hong-nan,REN Liang,et al.Experimentalstudy on models of artificial roller compacted concrete dam byusing FBG sensor[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(4):27-34.项连清,李宏男,任亮,等.FBG传感器在碾压仿真混凝土大坝模型实验中的应用世界地震工程[J].2006,22(4):27-34.
[19]LI Zhong-kui,WANG Ai-min.Application and consideration ofusing fiber-sensor measurement in a3D geo-mechanical modeltest[J].Experimental Technology and Management,2006,23(12):57-60.李仲奎,王爱民.三维地质力学模型试验中光纤传感器的应用研究[J].实验技术与管理,2006,23(12):57-60.
[20]DONG Jian-hua,XIE He-ping,ZHANG Lin,et al.Application ofoptical fiber grating sensor in gravity dam structure model test[J].Journal of Sichuanun Iversity(Engineering Science EDItion),2009,41(1):41-46.董建华,谢和平,张林,等.光纤光栅传感器在重力坝结构模型试验中的应用[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(1):41-46.
[21]Mousumi Majumder,Tarun Kumar Gangopadhyay,Ashim KumarChakraborty,et al.Fibre Bragg gratings in structural healthmonitoring-Present status and applications[J].Sensors andActuators A,2008,147(1):150-164.
[22]LI Li-ping.Study on catastrophe evolution mechanism of karstwater inrush and its engineering application of high risk karsttunnel[D].Shandong:Shandong University,2009.李利平.高风险岩溶隧道突水灾变演化机理及其应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2009.
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