经验模态分解在输电线路状态检修中的应用
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摘要
针对输电铁塔塔材被盗现象十分严重的问题,在输电线路状态检修方面进行了新的研究,运用基于经验模态分解(EMD)的分析方法,使系统在电磁干扰下检测出铁塔因不良企图引起的振动信号,防止塔材被盗事件的发生。EMD方法具有自适应的信号分解能力,尤其适合于这种非线性、非稳态的振动信号的处理。对现场观测信号进行经验模态分解,并选择合适的固有模态函数(IMF)分量,结合功率谱分析其特性;配合自适应的阈值脉冲处理算法,尽可能完整地提取出振动脉冲信号。实验结果证明,该方法能够准确地提取出塔材盗窃中产生的振动脉冲信号,并有效抑制了干扰成分。
According to the serious theft of transmission tower materials,a new function in the state maintenance for transmission lines is presented to monitor towers and prevent the materials of transmission tower from being stolen frequently.The control system is sensitive to vibration caused by the motion of the tower.The empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method is adopted to examine the vibration signal hidden in the serious electromagnetic interference signal.The EMD method is a good self-adapting signal process method,and it is especially applicable for the non-linear and non-stationary signals.The observed signal is decomposed into intrinsic mode functions(IMFs) by the EMD method.Some IMFs are selected and applied to power spectrum analysis.The useful signals incorporated with the pulse extraction method based on adaptive threshold are used to extract the vibration pulse.The practical tests demonstrate that the proposed method is effective in extracting the vibration signals,and it can also suppress the interference signals.
According to the serious theft of transmission tower materials,a new function in the state maintenance for transmission lines is presented to monitor towers and prevent the materials of transmission tower from being stolen frequently.The control system is sensitive to vibration caused by the motion of the tower.The empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method is adopted to examine the vibration signal hidden in the serious electromagnetic interference signal.The EMD method is a good self-adapting signal process method,and it is especially applicable for the non-linear and non-stationary signals.The observed signal is decomposed into intrinsic mode functions(IMFs) by the EMD method.Some IMFs are selected and applied to power spectrum analysis.The useful signals incorporated with the pulse extraction method based on adaptive threshold are used to extract the vibration pulse.The practical tests demonstrate that the proposed method is effective in extracting the vibration signals,and it can also suppress the interference signals.
引文
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[16]郑治真.小波变换及其MATLAB工具的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.ZHENG Zhi.zhen.Wavelet transform and MATLAB tool ap.plications[M].Beijing,China:Earthquake Press,2001.
[17]赵汉表,林辉,廖胜蓝,等.小波变换在绝缘子泄漏电流检测中的应用[J].高电压技术,2005,31(4):34.36.ZHAO Han.biao,LI N Hui,LI AO Sheng.lan,et al.New method for leakage current detection of insulators based on wavelet transform[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(4):34.36.
[18]Huang N E.Reviewof empirical decomposition[C]∥Proceed.ing of SPIE.Orlando,FL,USA:SPIE,2001:71.80.
[19]曹冲锋.基于EMD的机械振动分析与诊断方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.CAO Chong.feng.Study on mechanical vibration analysis and diagnosis methods based on emperical mode decomposition[D].Hangzhou,China:Zhenjiang University,2009.
[20]邵震宇.神经网络在大型电机局放处理中的应用研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.SHAO Zhen.yu.Neural network in large motor with applica.tion of partial discharge[D].Shanghai,China:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2005.
[2]安玲,江秀臣,朱宇,等.输电线路状态检修软件系统的面向对象设计与实现[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(7):66.69.AN Ling,JI ANG Xiu.chen,ZHU Yu,et al.Object.oriented design and i mplementation of the state maintenance software systemfor transmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2002,26(7):66.69.
[3]胡毅.输电线路运行故障的分析与防治[J].高电压技术,2007,33(1):1.8.HU Yi.Analysis on operation faults of transmission line and coun.termeasures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(1):1.8.
[4]Huang N E,Wu ML,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode de.composition and the Hilbert spectrum for non.linear and non.stationary ti me series analysis[C]∥Proceedings of the Royal So.ciety London.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1998:903.995.
[5]Delchelle E,Lemoine J,Niang O.Empirical mode decomposi.tion:an analytical approach for sifting process[J].IEEE Signal Processing Letters,2005,12(11):764.767.
[6]刘慧,刘国海,沈跃.采用希尔伯特振动分解的非整数次谐波检测新方法[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1758.1764.LI U Hui,LI U Guo.hai,SHEN Yue.Novel method for non.in.teger harmonics measurement using Hilbert vibration decompo.sition[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1758.1764.
[7]陈伟根,邓帮飞,杨彬.基于振动信号经验模态分解及能量熵的高压断路器故障识别[J].高压电器,2009,45(2):90.93.CHEN Wei.gen,DENG Bang.fei,YANG Bin.Fault recognition for high voltage circuit breaker based on EMDof vibration signal and energy entropy characteristic[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(2):90.93.
[8]李晓晨,李天云,陈昌雷.基于固有模态能量墒和支持向量机的输电线路故障选相新方法[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(5):104.108.LI Xiao.chen,LI Tian.yun,CHEN Chang.lei.Faulty phase se.lection of transmission lines based on intrinsic mode energy en.tropy and SVM[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(5):104.108.
[9]沈宏,张蒲,徐其惠,等.基于经验模态分解和自适应噪声对消算法的窄带干扰抑制[J].高压电器,2009,45(1):8.10.SHEN Hong,ZHANG Pu,XU Qi.hui,et al.Narrow.bandin.terference suppression based on adaptive noise canceller and em.pirical mode decomposition[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(1):8.10.
[10]李天云,赵妍,李楠,等.基于HHT的电能质量检测新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(17):52.56.LI Tian.yun,ZHAO Yan,LI Nan,et al.A new method for power quality detection based on HHT[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(17):52.56.
[11]张郁山.希尔伯特—黄变换(HHT)与地震动时程的希尔伯特谱方法与应用研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2004.ZHANG Yu.shan.Hilbert.Huang transformand Hilbert spec.trumof earthquake ground motion[D].Beijing,China:China Seismological Bureau of Geophysical Research Institute,2004.
[12]祝志慧,孙云莲,季宇.基于EMD和SVM的短期负荷预测[J].高电压技术,2007,33(5):118.122.ZHUZhi.hui,SUN Yun.lian,JI Yu.Short.termload rorecast.ing based on EMD and SVM[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(5):118.122.
[13]寇惠,原培新.故障诊断中的振动信号处理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1989.KOU Hui,YUANPei.xin.Fault diagnosis of vibration signal pro.cessing[M].Beijing,China:Metallurgical Industry Press,1989.
[14]侯朝焕.实用FFT信号处理技术[M].北京:海洋出版社,1990.HOU Chao.huan.Signal processing technology of FFT[M].Beijing,China:China Ocean Press,1990.
[15]冉启文.小波变换与分数傅里叶变换理论及应用[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2001.RAN Qi.wen.Scores of wavelet transform and Fourier trans.form theory and application[M].Harbin,China:Press of Harbin Industrial University,2001.
[16]郑治真.小波变换及其MATLAB工具的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.ZHENG Zhi.zhen.Wavelet transform and MATLAB tool ap.plications[M].Beijing,China:Earthquake Press,2001.
[17]赵汉表,林辉,廖胜蓝,等.小波变换在绝缘子泄漏电流检测中的应用[J].高电压技术,2005,31(4):34.36.ZHAO Han.biao,LI N Hui,LI AO Sheng.lan,et al.New method for leakage current detection of insulators based on wavelet transform[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(4):34.36.
[18]Huang N E.Reviewof empirical decomposition[C]∥Proceed.ing of SPIE.Orlando,FL,USA:SPIE,2001:71.80.
[19]曹冲锋.基于EMD的机械振动分析与诊断方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.CAO Chong.feng.Study on mechanical vibration analysis and diagnosis methods based on emperical mode decomposition[D].Hangzhou,China:Zhenjiang University,2009.
[20]邵震宇.神经网络在大型电机局放处理中的应用研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.SHAO Zhen.yu.Neural network in large motor with applica.tion of partial discharge[D].Shanghai,China:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2005.
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