土-结构-流体动力相互作用的实时耦联动力试验
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摘要
针对振动台试验中无限地基难以模拟和数值分析中流-固耦合作用难以计算两个难题,将最近发展的实时耦联动力试验方法引入土-结构-流体动力相互作用问题的研究。以一个渡槽结构为例,其中渡槽-水体作为物理子结构,采用振动台进行物理试验,而无限地基作为数值子结构,采用集总参数模型进行数值模拟。两个子结构之间实时交换数据,联合评估整个耦合体系的动力响应。试验结果和有限元数值模拟结果吻合良好,表明该试验方法具有较高精度。对不同特性地基土进行的试验对比分析结果表明:对于软土地基,考虑土-结构相互作用(SSI)的结构反应幅值明显减小,周期延长;随着地基土变硬,SSI效应逐渐变弱,结构反应最终收敛至刚性地基解。
In traditional shaking table test semi-infinite foundation is difficult to consider; whereas in numerical simulation dynamic fluid-structure interaction is hard to calculate. To deal with the two difficulties,a newly developed real-time dynamic hybrid testing method is employed to solve the dynamic soil-structure-fluid interaction problems. Taking an aqueduct for example,the aqueduct-water system,called experimental substructure,is physically tested on a shaking table; while the semi-infinite foundation,called numerical substructure,is numerically modeled by a lumped-parameter model. The data exchange between the two substructures is performed in real-time; thus the dynamic response of the whole coupled system can be evaluated. Meanwhile,the finite element analysis is also implemented to simulate the test model. The comparison of the tested results with those obtained from the finite element analysis demonstrates that the real-time dynamic hybrid testing can achieve good test accuracy for this dynamic interaction problem. The tests of the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects for different soils show that the soft soil reduces the structure response amplitude and extends the response period. With soil becoming hard,SSI effects decrease and the structure responses will ultimately converge to the solutions of rigid foundation.
In traditional shaking table test semi-infinite foundation is difficult to consider; whereas in numerical simulation dynamic fluid-structure interaction is hard to calculate. To deal with the two difficulties,a newly developed real-time dynamic hybrid testing method is employed to solve the dynamic soil-structure-fluid interaction problems. Taking an aqueduct for example,the aqueduct-water system,called experimental substructure,is physically tested on a shaking table; while the semi-infinite foundation,called numerical substructure,is numerically modeled by a lumped-parameter model. The data exchange between the two substructures is performed in real-time; thus the dynamic response of the whole coupled system can be evaluated. Meanwhile,the finite element analysis is also implemented to simulate the test model. The comparison of the tested results with those obtained from the finite element analysis demonstrates that the real-time dynamic hybrid testing can achieve good test accuracy for this dynamic interaction problem. The tests of the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects for different soils show that the soft soil reduces the structure response amplitude and extends the response period. With soil becoming hard,SSI effects decrease and the structure responses will ultimately converge to the solutions of rigid foundation.
引文
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[2]李德玉,王海波,涂劲.拱坝坝体—地基动力相互作用的振动台动力模型试验研究[J].水利学报,2003,(7):30-35.LI De-yu,WANG Hai-bo,TU Jin.Model test of dynamicinteraction between arch dam and foundation on shaking table[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,(7):30-35.
[3]季日臣,夏修身,陈尧隆.水体晃荡作用对渡槽横向抗震影响的研究[J].水力发电学报,2007,26(6):30-34.JI Ri-chen,XIA Xiu-shen,CHEN Yao-long.Research on influence of water shake acting on aqueduct transverse seismic response[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Eng-ineering,2007,26(6):30-34.
[4]李遇春,楼梦麟.渡槽中流体非线性晃动的边界元模拟[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(2):51-56.LI Yu-chun,LOU Meng-lin.BEM simulation of nonlinear sloshing for aqueduct fluid[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(2):51-56.
[5]NAKASHIMA M,TAKAOKA H K E.Development of real-time pseudo dynamic testing[J].Earthquake Eng-ineering&Structural Dynamics,1992,21(1):79-92.
[6]WU B,XU G S,WANG Q Y.Operator-splitting method for real-time substructure testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2006,35(3):293-314.
[7]王进廷,汪强,迟福东.振动台实时耦联动力试验系统构建解决方案[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2):16-23.WANG Jin-ting,WANG Qiang,CHI Fu-dong.Solutions to system construction of real-time dynamic hybrid testing based on shaking-table[J].Earthquake Engineer-ing and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(2):16-23.
[8]WANG Q,WANG J T,CHI F D.Real-time dynamic hybrid testing for soil-structure interaction analysis[C]//Proceedings of the3rd International Conference on Advances in Experimental Structural Engineering.San Francisco:[s.n].,2009.
[9]栾茂田,林皋.地基动力阻抗的双自由度集总参数模型[J].大连理工大学学报,1996,36(4):477-482.LUAN Mao-tian,LIN Gao.2-DOF lumped-parameter model of dynamic impedances of foundation soils[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,1996,36(4):477-482.
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