岩石结构面力学原型试验相似材料研究
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摘要
基于岩体结构面抗剪强度机制及相似材料的选择原则和要求,研制以高强水泥、硅粉、高效减水剂、标准砂、水等原料混合而成的模拟材料,并利用其制得的试样及结构面模型进行大量物理力学试验的对比分析,研究结果表明:相似材料的抗压强度与原岩结构面相近,调整不同混合材料的配合比,相似材料可以覆盖中低强度的岩石类型;利用相似材料及多尺度试样模具可制作与原岩结构面表面形态及起伏度近似一致的模拟结构面;利用模拟结构面代替原岩结构面进行直剪试验,模拟结构面表面的磨损程度、粗糙度系数衰减规律及破坏形式均与原岩结构面相似,且模拟结构面抗剪强度直剪试验结果与理论计算值相差不大;模拟材料具有物理力学性能稳定、制作方便、成本低廉的优点,可代替原岩结构面进行不同尺寸、可重复性的破坏性试验。
Based on shear strength mechanism of rock joints and the selection principle and requirement of similar material,a new type of similar material with the mixture of high-strength cement,silica fume,superplasticizer,standard sand and water is developed.A large number of physico-mechanical tests are performed by using samples and rock joint models made from the new similar material.The results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of similar material are close to the mechanical feature of original rock;and similar material can cover low and medium-intensive rock types through adjusting the contents of different materials.The surface morphology and undulation of simulated structure surfaces made with similar material and multi-scale molds are consistent with original rock′s surface.According to direct shear test,surface wear degree,roughness coefficient attenuation law and failure mode of original rock structural plane and simulated structural plane agree well;and the difference between test results and theoretical values is small.The similar material with the advantage of steady physico-mechanical properties,production convenience and low cost can replace natural rock joints to do different dimensional and repeated destructive rock joint tests.
Based on shear strength mechanism of rock joints and the selection principle and requirement of similar material,a new type of similar material with the mixture of high-strength cement,silica fume,superplasticizer,standard sand and water is developed.A large number of physico-mechanical tests are performed by using samples and rock joint models made from the new similar material.The results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of similar material are close to the mechanical feature of original rock;and similar material can cover low and medium-intensive rock types through adjusting the contents of different materials.The surface morphology and undulation of simulated structure surfaces made with similar material and multi-scale molds are consistent with original rock′s surface.According to direct shear test,surface wear degree,roughness coefficient attenuation law and failure mode of original rock structural plane and simulated structural plane agree well;and the difference between test results and theoretical values is small.The similar material with the advantage of steady physico-mechanical properties,production convenience and low cost can replace natural rock joints to do different dimensional and repeated destructive rock joint tests.
引文
[1]杜时贵.岩体结构面的工程性质[M].北京:地震出版社,1999.(DU Shigui.Engineering properties of rock discontinuities[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[2]杜时贵.岩体结构面抗剪强度经验估算[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.(DU Shigui.Empirical estimation for the shear strength of rock discontinuities[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[3]PATTON F D.Multiple modes of shear failure in rock[C]//Proceedings of the 1st Congress of International Society of Rock Mechanics.Lisbon:[s.n.],1966:509–513.
[4]EINSTEIN H H,VENEZIANO D,BAECHER G B,et al.The effect of discontinuity persistence on rock slope stability[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1983,20(5):227–236.
[5]郭志.实用岩体力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.(GUO Zhi.Practical rock mass mechanics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1996.(in Chinese))
[6]任伟中,王庚荪,白世伟,等.共面闭合断续节理岩体的直剪强度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(10):1 667–1 672.(REN Weizhong,WANG Gengsun,BAI Shiwei,et al.Strength behavior of rock mass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(10):1 667–1 672.(in Chinese))
[7]BANDIS S,LUMSDEN A C,BARTON N R.Experimental studies of scales effects on the shear behaviour of rock joints[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18(1):1–21.
[8]王汉鹏,李术才,张强勇,等.新型地质力学模型试验相似材料的研制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(9):1 842–1 847.(WANG Hanpeng,LI Shucai,ZHANG Qiangyong,et al.Development of a new geomechanical similar material[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(9):1 842–1 847.(in Chinese))
[9]李晓红,卢义玉,康勇,等.岩石力学实验模拟技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(LI Xiaohong,LU Yiyu,KANG Yong,et al.Simulation experiment technique of rock mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[10]左保成,陈从新,刘才华,等.相似材料试验研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(11):1 805–1 808.(ZUO Baocheng,CHEN Congxin,LIU Caihua,et al.Research on similar material of slope simulation experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(11):1 805–1 808.(in Chinese))
[11]BARTON N R,CHOUBEY V.The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice[J].Rock Mechanics,1977,10(1/2):1–54.
[12]BARTON N R.Review of a new shear strength criterion for rock joints[J].Engineering Geology,1973,7(4):287–322.
[13]杜时贵,胡晓飞,郭霄.JRC-JCS模型与直剪试验对比研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2008,27(增1):2 747–2 753.(DU Shigui,HU Xiaofei,GUO Xiao.Comparison study of JRC-JCS model and direct shear test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Supp.1):2 747–2 753.(in Chinese))
[14]安伟刚.岩性相似材料研究[硕士学位论文][D].长沙:中南大学,2002.(AN Weigang.The research of rocky similar material[M.S.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University,2002.(in Chinese))
[15]周建强,李建军,王彬,等.逆向工程技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].现代制造技术与装备,2006,(3):3–5.(ZHOU Jianqiang,LI Jianjun,WANG Bin,et al.The current situation and trend of reverse engineering technology[J].Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,2006,(3):3–5.(in Chinese))
[16]DU S G,HU Y J,HU X F.Measurement of joint roughness coefficient by using profilograph and roughness ruler[J].Journal of Earth Science,2009,20(5):890–896.
[17]杜时贵,颜育仁,胡晓飞,等.JRC-JCS模型抗剪强度估算的平均斜率法[J].工程地质学报,2005,13(4):489–493.(DU Shigui,YAN Yuren,HU Xiaofei,et al.Average slope method for estimating shear strength of JRC-JCS model[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2005,13(4):489–493.(in Chinese))
[18]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.DB33/T1028–2006岩体结构面抗剪强度综合评价应用技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.DB33/T1028–2006 Practical technique methods of synthetical estimation for shear strength of rock discontinuities[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[2]杜时贵.岩体结构面抗剪强度经验估算[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.(DU Shigui.Empirical estimation for the shear strength of rock discontinuities[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[3]PATTON F D.Multiple modes of shear failure in rock[C]//Proceedings of the 1st Congress of International Society of Rock Mechanics.Lisbon:[s.n.],1966:509–513.
[4]EINSTEIN H H,VENEZIANO D,BAECHER G B,et al.The effect of discontinuity persistence on rock slope stability[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1983,20(5):227–236.
[5]郭志.实用岩体力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.(GUO Zhi.Practical rock mass mechanics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1996.(in Chinese))
[6]任伟中,王庚荪,白世伟,等.共面闭合断续节理岩体的直剪强度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(10):1 667–1 672.(REN Weizhong,WANG Gengsun,BAI Shiwei,et al.Strength behavior of rock mass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(10):1 667–1 672.(in Chinese))
[7]BANDIS S,LUMSDEN A C,BARTON N R.Experimental studies of scales effects on the shear behaviour of rock joints[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18(1):1–21.
[8]王汉鹏,李术才,张强勇,等.新型地质力学模型试验相似材料的研制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(9):1 842–1 847.(WANG Hanpeng,LI Shucai,ZHANG Qiangyong,et al.Development of a new geomechanical similar material[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(9):1 842–1 847.(in Chinese))
[9]李晓红,卢义玉,康勇,等.岩石力学实验模拟技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(LI Xiaohong,LU Yiyu,KANG Yong,et al.Simulation experiment technique of rock mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[10]左保成,陈从新,刘才华,等.相似材料试验研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(11):1 805–1 808.(ZUO Baocheng,CHEN Congxin,LIU Caihua,et al.Research on similar material of slope simulation experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(11):1 805–1 808.(in Chinese))
[11]BARTON N R,CHOUBEY V.The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice[J].Rock Mechanics,1977,10(1/2):1–54.
[12]BARTON N R.Review of a new shear strength criterion for rock joints[J].Engineering Geology,1973,7(4):287–322.
[13]杜时贵,胡晓飞,郭霄.JRC-JCS模型与直剪试验对比研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2008,27(增1):2 747–2 753.(DU Shigui,HU Xiaofei,GUO Xiao.Comparison study of JRC-JCS model and direct shear test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Supp.1):2 747–2 753.(in Chinese))
[14]安伟刚.岩性相似材料研究[硕士学位论文][D].长沙:中南大学,2002.(AN Weigang.The research of rocky similar material[M.S.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University,2002.(in Chinese))
[15]周建强,李建军,王彬,等.逆向工程技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].现代制造技术与装备,2006,(3):3–5.(ZHOU Jianqiang,LI Jianjun,WANG Bin,et al.The current situation and trend of reverse engineering technology[J].Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,2006,(3):3–5.(in Chinese))
[16]DU S G,HU Y J,HU X F.Measurement of joint roughness coefficient by using profilograph and roughness ruler[J].Journal of Earth Science,2009,20(5):890–896.
[17]杜时贵,颜育仁,胡晓飞,等.JRC-JCS模型抗剪强度估算的平均斜率法[J].工程地质学报,2005,13(4):489–493.(DU Shigui,YAN Yuren,HU Xiaofei,et al.Average slope method for estimating shear strength of JRC-JCS model[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2005,13(4):489–493.(in Chinese))
[18]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.DB33/T1028–2006岩体结构面抗剪强度综合评价应用技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.DB33/T1028–2006 Practical technique methods of synthetical estimation for shear strength of rock discontinuities[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2006.(in Chinese))
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