探井二开以下地层井壁稳定性钻前预测方法
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摘要
综合分析钻井过程中通常遇到的井漏、缩径和坍塌等复杂情况,确定已钻层段的坍塌压力和破裂压力,结合神经网络理论建立地震层速度与坍塌压力、破裂压力之间的非线性映射关系,提出利用地震资料钻前预测勘探构造第1口井二开以下地层井壁稳定性的方法。中国西北地区某油田钻探某构造的YS-D井二开层段钻进过程中出现泥岩垮塌,三开层段开钻前利用该方法对三开层段坍塌压力当量钻井液密度和破裂压力当量钻井液密度进行了预测,基于预测资料调整了钻井液密度,钻进基本正常。该方法自2001年4月以来已在52口探井中成功应用。应用效果表明利用该法预测的三开层段钻头下部300 m内地层的压力变化结果与实际钻井中得到的数据较为接近,达到了钻前预测井壁稳定性的要求。图3表1参25
Based on the comprehensive analysis of some complicated situations met in drilling,such as circulation loss,borehole shrinkage and collapse,the collapse pressure and fracture pressure of the drilled well interval were determined.And the nonlinear relationships between the seismic interval velocity,the collapse pressure and the fracture pressure were established by neural network theory.A new borehole stability prediction method was put forward,that is,predicting the collapse pressure and fracture pressure of the formation under the second section of the first exploration well in prospecting area using seismic data.Mudstone collapse happened when drilling the second section of well YS-D in a field,northwest China.Before drilling the third section,the equivalent drilling fluid density of the collapse pressure and that of the fracture pressure of the third section were predicted by this method,and the density of drilling fluid was adjusted and the drilling made good progress.The method has been successfully applied to 52 exploration wells since April,2001.The predicted pressure change is close to the actual result within 300 m under the bit in the third section,meeting the demands of predicting borehole stability before drilling.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of some complicated situations met in drilling,such as circulation loss,borehole shrinkage and collapse,the collapse pressure and fracture pressure of the drilled well interval were determined.And the nonlinear relationships between the seismic interval velocity,the collapse pressure and the fracture pressure were established by neural network theory.A new borehole stability prediction method was put forward,that is,predicting the collapse pressure and fracture pressure of the formation under the second section of the first exploration well in prospecting area using seismic data.Mudstone collapse happened when drilling the second section of well YS-D in a field,northwest China.Before drilling the third section,the equivalent drilling fluid density of the collapse pressure and that of the fracture pressure of the third section were predicted by this method,and the density of drilling fluid was adjusted and the drilling made good progress.The method has been successfully applied to 52 exploration wells since April,2001.The predicted pressure change is close to the actual result within 300 m under the bit in the third section,meeting the demands of predicting borehole stability before drilling.
引文
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[17]张寒,朱光有.利用地震和测井信息预测和评价烃源岩———以渤海湾盆地富油凹陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(1):55-59.
[18]季敏,王尚旭,李生杰,等.物理模型的地震属性预测效果分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):339-341.
[19]李方明,计智锋,赵国良,等.地质统计反演之随机地震反演方法———以苏丹M盆地P油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):451-455.
[20]De-Hua Han,Nur A,Morgan D.Effects of porosity and claycontent on wave velocities in sandstone[J].Geophysics,1986,51:2093-2107.
[21]Terzaghi K.Theoretical soil mechanics[M].New York:Wiley,1943.
[22]Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of rock mechanics(3rded.)[M].London:Chapman and Hall,1979.
[23]金衍,陈勉.大位移井的井壁稳定力学分析[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(1):4-11.
[24]JI AO Li-cheng.Computation of artificial neural networks[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Electronics Science and Technology UniversityPress,1993.268-279.
[25]ZHANG Li-ming.Models and applications of artificial neuralnetworks[M].Shanghai:Fudan University Press,1994.25-34.
[2]Karstad E,Aadnoy B S.Opti mization of borehole stability using3Dstress opti mization[A].SPE 97149,2005.
[3]Torres M E,Frydman D,Casalis A,et al.3D analysis forwellbore stability:Reducing drilling risks in Oriente Basin,Ecuador[A].SPE 94758,2005.
[4]Hemphill T.Integrated management of the safe operatingwindow:Wellbore stability is more than just fluid density[A].SPE 94732,2005.
[5]Tan C P,Freij-Ayoub R,Chennell M B,et al.Managingwellbore instability risk in gas hydrate-bearing sedi ments[A].SPE 92960,2005.
[6]Greenwood J A,Brehm A,van Oort E,et al.Application of real-ti me wellbore stability monitoring on a deepwater ERD well[A].SPE 92588,2005.
[7]Nes O M,Fjar E,Tronvoll J,et al.Drillingti me reductionthroughanintegrated rock mechanics analysis[A].SPE92531,2005.
[8]Edwards S,Matsutsuyu B,Willson S.I maging unstablewellbores while drilling[A].SPE 79846,2004.
[9]Nikolay Y S,John C T,Samuel D B,et al.Advanced modeling,real-ti me model updating i mprove extended-reach drilling success[J].Oil and Gas Journal,2003,101(4):39-45.
[10]Wisniewski W,Hamer J,Vickrey J.Rotary steerable systemhelps deliver best performance in Grand Isle[J].Offshore,2002,62(11):80-81.
[11]Kristiansen T G.Mini mizing drilling risk in extented-reach wellsat Valhall using geomechanics,geoscience and 3D visualizationtechnology[A].SPE 52863,1999.
[12]Bradford I D R,Aldred W A,Cook J M,et al.When rockmechanics met drilling:Effective i mplementation of real-ti mewellbore stability control[A].SPE 59121,2000.
[13]金衍,陈勉.钻前井壁稳定预测方法的研究[J].石油学报,2001,22(3):96-99.
[14]金衍,陈勉.利用地震记录钻前预测井壁稳定研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):91-95.
[15]吴超,陈勉,金衍.井壁稳定性实时预测方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(1):80-84.
[16]张研,张颖,孙夕平,等.地震储集层预测技术在不同勘探开发阶段的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):59-63.
[17]张寒,朱光有.利用地震和测井信息预测和评价烃源岩———以渤海湾盆地富油凹陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(1):55-59.
[18]季敏,王尚旭,李生杰,等.物理模型的地震属性预测效果分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):339-341.
[19]李方明,计智锋,赵国良,等.地质统计反演之随机地震反演方法———以苏丹M盆地P油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):451-455.
[20]De-Hua Han,Nur A,Morgan D.Effects of porosity and claycontent on wave velocities in sandstone[J].Geophysics,1986,51:2093-2107.
[21]Terzaghi K.Theoretical soil mechanics[M].New York:Wiley,1943.
[22]Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of rock mechanics(3rded.)[M].London:Chapman and Hall,1979.
[23]金衍,陈勉.大位移井的井壁稳定力学分析[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(1):4-11.
[24]JI AO Li-cheng.Computation of artificial neural networks[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Electronics Science and Technology UniversityPress,1993.268-279.
[25]ZHANG Li-ming.Models and applications of artificial neuralnetworks[M].Shanghai:Fudan University Press,1994.25-34.
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