岩石爆炸动力学的若干进展
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摘要
论述岩石爆炸动力学原理及其工程应用研究近年来的若干进展,主要内容包括爆炸空腔范围以及各类破坏区范围的理论确定方法,地下爆炸近区的"短波"和"弱波"理论,爆炸远区——弹性区的运动和力学参数以及地下爆炸时岩石破碎等理论研究成果。同时还介绍了实验室条件下均匀介质中爆炸效应的规律和地应力、裂隙、浅埋时等不均匀、不连续性影响因素的实验室模拟爆炸试验研究。在相关研究的基础上,给出实际岩体中的爆炸效应试验,包括近区破坏效应、远区地震效应、不可逆变形区以及地下爆炸和浅埋(抛掷和定向)爆炸中相似关系的最新成果。此外,简要介绍岩石爆炸动力学在不同领域中的工程应用,并就今后岩石爆炸动力学研究的展望阐述一点认识。
The principles of rock blasting dynamics and related engineering applications in the recent years are reviewed. The main issues are covered in blasting cave range,various determination methods for failure zones, theories of short-wave and weak-wave in near-field of cave blasting,the movement in plastic regions and mechanical parameters in far-field,and rock fracture under blasting for underground works. The laws of blasting effects in uniform media in indoor test are also introduced,which include heterogeneous and homogeneous characteristics of geostress,fissure,and shllow-buried cave in laboratory simulation or experimental test. The actual rock blasting tests are touched in failure effects of near-field,seismic effects in far-field,and irreversible deformation regions. The latest similarity research results in underground blasting,shallow-buried blasting (throwing and directional blastings) are also presented. In addition,engineering applications of rock blasting dynamics in various fields are briefly introduced. Filnally,some ideas and prospects are proposed for later research in rock blasting dynamics.
The principles of rock blasting dynamics and related engineering applications in the recent years are reviewed. The main issues are covered in blasting cave range,various determination methods for failure zones, theories of short-wave and weak-wave in near-field of cave blasting,the movement in plastic regions and mechanical parameters in far-field,and rock fracture under blasting for underground works. The laws of blasting effects in uniform media in indoor test are also introduced,which include heterogeneous and homogeneous characteristics of geostress,fissure,and shllow-buried cave in laboratory simulation or experimental test. The actual rock blasting tests are touched in failure effects of near-field,seismic effects in far-field,and irreversible deformation regions. The latest similarity research results in underground blasting,shallow-buried blasting (throwing and directional blastings) are also presented. In addition,engineering applications of rock blasting dynamics in various fields are briefly introduced. Filnally,some ideas and prospects are proposed for later research in rock blasting dynamics.
引文
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[9] 王明洋，戚承志，钱七虎. 岩体中爆炸与冲击下的破坏研究[J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版)，2001，20(4)：385–389.(WANG Mingyang，QI Chengzhi，QIAN Qihu. Studies on failure of rock under explosion and impact[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)，2001，20(4)：385–389.(in Chinese))
[10] 戚承志，钱七虎. 考虑到时效的一维剥离破坏及损伤破坏机制[J]. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)，2000，1(5)：1–6.(QI Chengzhi，QIAN Qihu. One-dimensional spallation with consideration of time characteristic and the mechanism of damage and fracture[J]. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)，2000，1(5)：1–6.(in Chinese))
[11] 王明洋，国胜兵，邓国强. 岩石覆盖层抗震塌机制研究[J]. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)，2001，2(3)：12–19.(WANG Mingyang，GUO Shengbing，DENG Guoqiang. Studies on mechanism of spalling of rock cover[J]. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)，2001，2(3)：12–19.(in Chinese))
[12] 戚承志，钱七虎，王明洋. 固体材料的结构层次及其动力变形与破坏[J]. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)，2007，8(5)：454–463.(QI Chengzhi，QIAN Qihu，WANG Mingyang. Structural hierarchy and dynamic deformation and fracture of solids[J]. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)，2007，8(5)：454–463.(in Chinese))
[13] 葛 涛，王明洋. 坚硬岩石在强冲击荷载作用近区的性状研究[J]. 爆炸与冲击，2007，27(4)：306–311.(GE Tao，WANG Mingyang. Characters near strong impact loading zone in hard rock[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves，2007，27(4)：306–311.(in Chinese))
[14] 唐 廷，王明洋，葛 涛. 地下爆炸的地表运动研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2007，26(增1)：3 528–3 532.(TANG Ting，WANG Mingyang，GE Tao. Study of ground movement of underground explosions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2007，26(Supp.1)：3 528–3 532.(in Chinese))
[15] 戚承志，王明洋，钱七虎，等. 冲击载作用下岩石变形破坏的细观结构特性[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2007，26(增1)：3 367–3 372. (QI Chengzhi，WANG Mingyang，QIAN Qihu，et al. Mesostructural aspects of deformation and fracture of rock under shock loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2007，26(Supp.1)：3 367–3 372.(in Chinese))
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