斜入射条件下角锥棱镜光学特性分析
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摘要
角锥棱镜具有严格的后向反射特性。激光斜入射条件下,会造成角锥棱镜有效反射面积的减小及附加光程差,对激光主动探测及激光精确测距产生影响。利用几何光学原理,建立了斜入射条件下角锥棱镜有效反射面积数学模型,针对激光精确测距要求,推导了附加光程差与入射角的关系。理论分析及数值仿真结果表明,激光主动探测系统回波功率随入射角的增大而减小,不同的入射方位角对应不同的最大可探测入射角。对于给定的角锥棱镜,测距精度随入射角的增大而减小,在角锥棱镜最大允许入射范围内,测距精度误差可达2.85 mm。这对角锥棱镜的设计和实际应用具有指导意义。
Cube corner retro-reflector(CCR)has strictly backward return characteristics.The effective reflection area and the additional light path will change with laser′s oblique incident angles,which will affect the processes of active laser detection and accurate laser range measurement.The model of effective reflection area of CCR is built with laser′s oblique incident angle by using geometrical optics.According to the demand of accurate range measurement,the relationship between additional light path and incident angle is deduced.Theoretical analysis and simulated results show that echo power of active laser detection system will decrease as the incident angle increase and different azimuth angles have different maximal incident angles.The results also show that the precision of range measurement will decrease as the incident angle increase and the range error can reach to 2.85 mm at the maximal incident angle.The above conclusion provides a very useful guidance for design and application for CCR.
Cube corner retro-reflector(CCR)has strictly backward return characteristics.The effective reflection area and the additional light path will change with laser′s oblique incident angles,which will affect the processes of active laser detection and accurate laser range measurement.The model of effective reflection area of CCR is built with laser′s oblique incident angle by using geometrical optics.According to the demand of accurate range measurement,the relationship between additional light path and incident angle is deduced.Theoretical analysis and simulated results show that echo power of active laser detection system will decrease as the incident angle increase and different azimuth angles have different maximal incident angles.The results also show that the precision of range measurement will decrease as the incident angle increase and the range error can reach to 2.85 mm at the maximal incident angle.The above conclusion provides a very useful guidance for design and application for CCR.
引文
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[7]Li Song,Liu Bo.The calculation of the active reflectingarea of the cube corner prism[J].Journal of Geomatics,2002,27(4):25-27.(in Chinese)李松,刘博.角锥棱镜有效使用面积的计算[J].测绘信息与工程,2002,27(4):25-27.
[8]Huang Linhao,Li Song,Zhou Hui.A method for measur-ing the active reflecting area of the cube corner prism andits error analysis[J].Journal of Geomatics2,0053,0(1):45-47.(in Chinese)黄林昊,李松,周辉.角锥棱镜有效面积的测量方法及其误差分析[J].测绘信息与工程,2005,30(1):45-47.
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[10]Liu Wanli,Ouyang Jianfei,Qu Xinghua.Effect of incidentlaser beam angle varying on cube corner retor-reflectormeasurement accuracy[J].Optics and Precision Engi-neering2,0091,7(2):286-291.(in Chinese)刘万里,欧阳健飞,曲兴华.激光光束入射角度变化对角锥棱镜测量精度的影响[J].光学精密工程,2009,17(2):286-291.
[11]Dai Yongjiang.The principle of lidar[M].Beijing:Na-tional Defence Industry Press,2002:6-11.(in Chinese)戴永江.激光雷达原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002:6-11.
[12]Yang Xingang,Huang Yumei.Misalignment error analysisin laser interference length measurement[J].Acta Pho-tonica Sinica,2010,39(2):311-315.(in Chinese)杨新刚,黄玉美.激光干涉测长未对准误差分析[J].光子学报2,0103,9(2):311-315.
[13]Yang Weifang.Establishment method of longer laboratorybase lines for verificating EDMs[D].Beijing:Institute ofGeophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2009.(inChinese)杨维芳.光电测距仪室内长基线建立方法研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所2,009.
[2]Kuang Cuifang,Feng Qibo,Liu Bin.Analyzing character-istic of the cube-corner retroreflector applied to laserstraightness measurement[J].Optical Technique,2005,31(2):282-285.(in Chinese)匡萃方,冯其波,刘斌.角锥棱镜用于激光直线度测量的特性分析[J].光学技术,2005,31(2):282-285.
[3]Nie Hui,Weng Xingtao,LI Song.The far-field diffractivecharacteristics of cube-corner prism[J].Acta Optica Sini-ca,2003,23(12):1470-1474.(in Chinese)聂辉,翁兴涛,李松.角锥棱镜的远场衍射特性[J].光学学报2,003,23(12):1470-1474.
[4]LüHuachang,Guo Lina,Zhou Shengyuan,et al.Study ofthe mechanical stress for the laser retro-reflector to influ-ence on the far field diffraction pattern[J].Laser&Infra-red2,0104,0(10):1039-1042.(in Chinese)吕华昌,郭丽娜,钟声远,等.卫星激光后向反射器结构应力对衍射能量分布影响研究[J].激光与红外,2010,40(10):1039-1042.
[5]Li Changzhen,Chen Nianjiang,Zhong Shengyuan.Experi-ment study on variety of optical characteristics of cornercubes reflectors on different conditions[J].Laser&Infra-red2,0093,9(5):483-4854,92.(in Chinese)李长桢,陈念江,钟声远.角反射器在不同条件下光学性能变化实验研究[J].激光与红外,2009,39(5):483-4854,92.
[6]Kuang Cuifang,Feng Qibo,Liu Xin.Analysis of reflectionproperty of cube-corner retroreflector with vector expres-sion[J].J.Applied Optics,2004,25(2):25-27.(inChinese)匡萃方,冯其波,刘欣.用矢量方法分析角锥棱镜的反射特性[J].应用光学,2004,25(2):25-27.
[7]Li Song,Liu Bo.The calculation of the active reflectingarea of the cube corner prism[J].Journal of Geomatics,2002,27(4):25-27.(in Chinese)李松,刘博.角锥棱镜有效使用面积的计算[J].测绘信息与工程,2002,27(4):25-27.
[8]Huang Linhao,Li Song,Zhou Hui.A method for measur-ing the active reflecting area of the cube corner prism andits error analysis[J].Journal of Geomatics2,0053,0(1):45-47.(in Chinese)黄林昊,李松,周辉.角锥棱镜有效面积的测量方法及其误差分析[J].测绘信息与工程,2005,30(1):45-47.
[9]Chen Hao,Tan Jiubin.Effect of beam incident angles ontrihedral corner reflector laser ranging[J].Journal of Op-toelectronics Laser,2006,17(8):986-988.(in Chi-nese)陈浩,谭久彬.光束入射角对角锥合作目标激光测距的影响[J].光电子激光2,0061,7(8):986-988.
[10]Liu Wanli,Ouyang Jianfei,Qu Xinghua.Effect of incidentlaser beam angle varying on cube corner retor-reflectormeasurement accuracy[J].Optics and Precision Engi-neering2,0091,7(2):286-291.(in Chinese)刘万里,欧阳健飞,曲兴华.激光光束入射角度变化对角锥棱镜测量精度的影响[J].光学精密工程,2009,17(2):286-291.
[11]Dai Yongjiang.The principle of lidar[M].Beijing:Na-tional Defence Industry Press,2002:6-11.(in Chinese)戴永江.激光雷达原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002:6-11.
[12]Yang Xingang,Huang Yumei.Misalignment error analysisin laser interference length measurement[J].Acta Pho-tonica Sinica,2010,39(2):311-315.(in Chinese)杨新刚,黄玉美.激光干涉测长未对准误差分析[J].光子学报2,0103,9(2):311-315.
[13]Yang Weifang.Establishment method of longer laboratorybase lines for verificating EDMs[D].Beijing:Institute ofGeophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2009.(inChinese)杨维芳.光电测距仪室内长基线建立方法研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所2,009.
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