台阵地震学方法及在中国IMS台阵的应用研究
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摘要
中国的地震台阵建设与发展比国外晚了几十年.目前国内地震台阵正在不断地建设,而缺少的就是台阵技术,如能够把已有的台阵技术应用到我国的台阵中,就可以让台阵发挥它们应有的价值.作者根据国外的参考文献主要讨论了台阵地震学的主要技术方法并把这些方法应用到中国的IMS台阵,并给出了应用实例.结果表明,地震台阵使我们对地下结构的研究更加精细,使我们对微弱信号的识别更加轻松.如果我国现有台阵都能应用台阵地震学技术将对我国地震学和地球物理学的发展起到很大的推动作用.
The constructing and development of seismic array in China have been late for several decades than America、UK and other countries.At present,seismic arrays are being built ceaselessly in China while what the absence is array technique,they′ll exert all their values if we apply array technique to these arrays.Technique methods of seismic array were mainly discussed in this paper and the application examples in China IMS array were showed by using several main methods by the author according to the references.From the result,we can see that array makes our research on earth structure more subtly and make our identification of faint signal more easily.It′ll push the seismology and geophysics in China if all the seismic arrays in China can use array technique to make research.
The constructing and development of seismic array in China have been late for several decades than America、UK and other countries.At present,seismic arrays are being built ceaselessly in China while what the absence is array technique,they′ll exert all their values if we apply array technique to these arrays.Technique methods of seismic array were mainly discussed in this paper and the application examples in China IMS array were showed by using several main methods by the author according to the references.From the result,we can see that array makes our research on earth structure more subtly and make our identification of faint signal more easily.It′ll push the seismology and geophysics in China if all the seismic arrays in China can use array technique to make research.
引文
[1]于海英,朱元清,秦浩文,王小平.上海地震台阵数据处理及其在地震研究中的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):045~051.Yu H Y,ZHu Y Q,Qin H W,Wang X P.Research on Re-sult and the Calibration for the Location of Seismic Array inShanghai[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(1):045~051.
[2]郝春月,郑重,周公威.兰州台阵勘址测点相关值曲线的计算分析与初选台阵评估[J].地震学报,2003,25(6):608~614.Hao C Y,Zheng Z,ZHou G W.The calculation and analysisof correlation for Lanzhou seismic array site survey and the es-timation of array response[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(6):608~614.
[3]郝春月,郑重.信号相关性方法在西藏那曲台阵设计中的应用[J].中国地震,2006,22(1):34~42.Hao C Y,Zheng Z.Application of Correlation and CoherencyMethods to Naqu Seismic Array Design[J].Earthquake Re-search in China,2006,22(1):34~42.
[4]刘启元,李顺成,沈扬,陈九辉.延怀盆地及其邻区地壳上地幔速度结构的宽频带地震台阵研究[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(6):763~773.Liu Q Y,Li S C,Shen Y,Chen J H.Broadband seismic arraystudy of the crust and upper mantle velocity structure beneathyanhuai basin and its neighbouring region[J].ACTA GEO-PHYSICA SINICA,1997,40(6):763~773.
[5]李顺成,刘启元,陈九辉,郭飚,赖院根,王继.横跨天山的宽频带流动地震台阵观测[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):955~960.Li S C,Liu Q Y,CHen J H,etc.Passive broadband seismicarray observation across Tianshan[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(4):955~960.
[6]王继,陈九辉,刘启元,李顺成,郭飚.流动地震台阵观测初至震相的自动检测[J].地震学报,2006,28(1):42~51.Wang J,Chen J H,Liu Q Y,etc.Automatic onset phasepicking for portable seismic array observation[J].Acta Seis-mologica Sinica,2006,28(1):42~51.
[7]杨选辉,沈萍,刘希强,郑治真.地震与核爆识别的小波包分量比方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):148~156.Yang X H,Shen P,Liu X Q,Zheng Z Z.Application ofmethod of spectral component ratio of wavelet-packets to dis-crimination between earthquakes and nuclear explosions[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1):148~156.
[8]刘代志,张斌,李夕海,赵克.核爆地震模式识别中的特征相空间研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):871~876Liu D Z,Zhang B,Li X H,Zhao K.On the feature phasespace in the seismic pattern recognition of underground nuclearexplosions[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):871~876
[9]钱建复,郑永春,沈春霞.磁法探测地下核爆炸初探[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1323~1327.Qian J F,Zheng Y C,Shen C X.On the use of magnetic a-nomalies to detect underground nuclear explosion[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1323~1327.
[10]Posmentier,E.S.,R.W.Herrmann.Cophase:An ad hocarray processor[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1971,76:2194~2201.
[11]Davies D,Kelly E J,Filson J R.Vespa process for analysisof seismic signals[J].Nature Phys.Sci.,1971,232:8~13.
[12]Sebastian Rost,Christine Thomas.Array seismology:Meth-ods and applications[J].Reviews of Geophysics,2002,40(3):2-1~2-27.
[13]McFadden P L,Drummond B J,Kravis S.The Nth-rootstack:Theory,applications,and examples[J].Geophysics,1986,51:1879~1892.
[14]Harjes H P,Henger M.Array-Seismology[J].Z.Geophs.,1973,39:865~905.
[15]Rost S,Weber M.A reflector at 200 km depth beneath theNW Pacific[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2001,147:12~28.
[16]King D W,Haddon R A W,Husebye E S.Precursors to PP[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1975,10:103~127.
[17]Kv e rna T,Doornboos D J.An integrated approach to slow-ness analysis with arrays and three-component stations[R].Report NORSAR 2-85/86,1986,Norway:Norw.SeismicArray.
[18]Douglas A,Bowers D,Marshall P D,et al.Putting nuclear-test monitoring to the test[J].Nature,1999,398:474~475.
[19]Douglas A.Seismometer arrays-Their use in earthquake andtest ban seismology[A].In:Handbook of Earthquake andEngineering Seismology,edited by P.Jennings,H.Kanamo-ri,and W.Lee,Academic,San Diego,Calif.2002,357~367.
[20]Yamazaki A,Hirahara K.The thickness of upper mantle dis-continuities as inferred from short-period J-Array data[J].Geophys.Res.lett.,1994,21:1811~1814.
[2]郝春月,郑重,周公威.兰州台阵勘址测点相关值曲线的计算分析与初选台阵评估[J].地震学报,2003,25(6):608~614.Hao C Y,Zheng Z,ZHou G W.The calculation and analysisof correlation for Lanzhou seismic array site survey and the es-timation of array response[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(6):608~614.
[3]郝春月,郑重.信号相关性方法在西藏那曲台阵设计中的应用[J].中国地震,2006,22(1):34~42.Hao C Y,Zheng Z.Application of Correlation and CoherencyMethods to Naqu Seismic Array Design[J].Earthquake Re-search in China,2006,22(1):34~42.
[4]刘启元,李顺成,沈扬,陈九辉.延怀盆地及其邻区地壳上地幔速度结构的宽频带地震台阵研究[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(6):763~773.Liu Q Y,Li S C,Shen Y,Chen J H.Broadband seismic arraystudy of the crust and upper mantle velocity structure beneathyanhuai basin and its neighbouring region[J].ACTA GEO-PHYSICA SINICA,1997,40(6):763~773.
[5]李顺成,刘启元,陈九辉,郭飚,赖院根,王继.横跨天山的宽频带流动地震台阵观测[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):955~960.Li S C,Liu Q Y,CHen J H,etc.Passive broadband seismicarray observation across Tianshan[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(4):955~960.
[6]王继,陈九辉,刘启元,李顺成,郭飚.流动地震台阵观测初至震相的自动检测[J].地震学报,2006,28(1):42~51.Wang J,Chen J H,Liu Q Y,etc.Automatic onset phasepicking for portable seismic array observation[J].Acta Seis-mologica Sinica,2006,28(1):42~51.
[7]杨选辉,沈萍,刘希强,郑治真.地震与核爆识别的小波包分量比方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):148~156.Yang X H,Shen P,Liu X Q,Zheng Z Z.Application ofmethod of spectral component ratio of wavelet-packets to dis-crimination between earthquakes and nuclear explosions[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1):148~156.
[8]刘代志,张斌,李夕海,赵克.核爆地震模式识别中的特征相空间研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):871~876Liu D Z,Zhang B,Li X H,Zhao K.On the feature phasespace in the seismic pattern recognition of underground nuclearexplosions[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):871~876
[9]钱建复,郑永春,沈春霞.磁法探测地下核爆炸初探[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1323~1327.Qian J F,Zheng Y C,Shen C X.On the use of magnetic a-nomalies to detect underground nuclear explosion[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1323~1327.
[10]Posmentier,E.S.,R.W.Herrmann.Cophase:An ad hocarray processor[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1971,76:2194~2201.
[11]Davies D,Kelly E J,Filson J R.Vespa process for analysisof seismic signals[J].Nature Phys.Sci.,1971,232:8~13.
[12]Sebastian Rost,Christine Thomas.Array seismology:Meth-ods and applications[J].Reviews of Geophysics,2002,40(3):2-1~2-27.
[13]McFadden P L,Drummond B J,Kravis S.The Nth-rootstack:Theory,applications,and examples[J].Geophysics,1986,51:1879~1892.
[14]Harjes H P,Henger M.Array-Seismology[J].Z.Geophs.,1973,39:865~905.
[15]Rost S,Weber M.A reflector at 200 km depth beneath theNW Pacific[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2001,147:12~28.
[16]King D W,Haddon R A W,Husebye E S.Precursors to PP[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1975,10:103~127.
[17]Kv e rna T,Doornboos D J.An integrated approach to slow-ness analysis with arrays and three-component stations[R].Report NORSAR 2-85/86,1986,Norway:Norw.SeismicArray.
[18]Douglas A,Bowers D,Marshall P D,et al.Putting nuclear-test monitoring to the test[J].Nature,1999,398:474~475.
[19]Douglas A.Seismometer arrays-Their use in earthquake andtest ban seismology[A].In:Handbook of Earthquake andEngineering Seismology,edited by P.Jennings,H.Kanamo-ri,and W.Lee,Academic,San Diego,Calif.2002,357~367.
[20]Yamazaki A,Hirahara K.The thickness of upper mantle dis-continuities as inferred from short-period J-Array data[J].Geophys.Res.lett.,1994,21:1811~1814.
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