采煤面覆岩破坏动态测试模拟研究
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摘要
利用煤层顶板钻孔及巷道形成电法测试系统,根据采动速度测取不同时期岩层电场变化特征,可对上覆岩层受采动影响的变化规律进行全面分析研究,所获得的垮落带和导水裂缝带(以下简称"两带")高度值对煤矿安全生产具有重要的指导意义。以井下实测煤层为地质模型,通过相似模拟技术构建煤层开采条件,结合孔巷电法系统进行测试模拟与综合分析,提高对"两带"高度值判断的准确性。模拟研究结果表明,孔巷电阻率法对岩层采动产生的结构变化反应灵敏,单次测试电阻率与背景电阻率比值剖面可有效分辨模型开挖过程中的应力超前、岩层变形、破坏等特征,判定垮落带高度为0.07 m,导水裂缝带高度为0.33 m,其相似比例为100,该结果与井下实测值相一致。
Through bore in the top rock and laneway,the bore-laneway observing system is formed.According to mining velocity,the changing characters of electric field in different time can be tested;and the changing law of overburden failure affected by mining can be analyzed comprehensively.The height of "two belts" gained by detection is helpful for safety production of mine.Using the practical coal seam as the geological model,the mining condition of coal seam is found through the technique of the similar simulation.The detection simulation is arranged combined with the bore-laneway resistivity system.The comprehensive analysis result can improve the accuracy for the height of the "two belts".The research results of simulation show that the bore-laneway resistivity method has sensitive reaction to structure change affected by mining.The resistivity ratio section of several time and background detection can resolve effectively the characters of stress excess,distortion and failure of rock during the process of the model mining.According to the detecting results in model workface,the height of caving zone is 0.07 m;and the height of failure zone is 0.33 m.According to the proportional similarity of 100,the result is consistent with the practical measured values in mine workface.
Through bore in the top rock and laneway,the bore-laneway observing system is formed.According to mining velocity,the changing characters of electric field in different time can be tested;and the changing law of overburden failure affected by mining can be analyzed comprehensively.The height of "two belts" gained by detection is helpful for safety production of mine.Using the practical coal seam as the geological model,the mining condition of coal seam is found through the technique of the similar simulation.The detection simulation is arranged combined with the bore-laneway resistivity system.The comprehensive analysis result can improve the accuracy for the height of the "two belts".The research results of simulation show that the bore-laneway resistivity method has sensitive reaction to structure change affected by mining.The resistivity ratio section of several time and background detection can resolve effectively the characters of stress excess,distortion and failure of rock during the process of the model mining.According to the detecting results in model workface,the height of caving zone is 0.07 m;and the height of failure zone is 0.33 m.According to the proportional similarity of 100,the result is consistent with the practical measured values in mine workface.
引文
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[2]杨建立,滕永海.综采放顶煤导水裂缝带发育规律分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(12):100–103.(YANG Jianli,TENG Yonghai.Study on development law of water conducted fracture zone in top coal of fully mechanized top coal caving mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2009,37(12):100–103.(in Chinese))
[3]张文泉,张红日,徐方军.大采深倾斜薄煤层底板采动破坏形态的连续探测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000,28(2):39–42.(ZHANG Wenquan,ZHANG Hongri,XU Fangjun.Continuous exploration for the mining failure form of the incline and thin coal seam′s floor under the high depth[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2000,28(2):39–42.(in Chinese))
[4]刘传武,张明,赵武升.用声波测试技术确定煤层开采后底板破坏深度[J].煤炭科技,2003,(4):4–5.(LIU Chuanwu,ZHANG Ming,ZHAO Wusheng.Destroying depth of coal seam floor′s failure by sound wave technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2003,(4):4–5.(in Chinese))
[5]张平松,刘盛东,吴荣新.地震波CT技术探测煤层上覆岩层破坏规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 510–2 513.(ZHANG Pingsong,LIU Shengdong,WU Rongxing.Observation of overburden failure of coal seam by CT of seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 510–2 513.(in Chinese))
[6]张平松,吴基文,刘盛东.煤层采动底板破坏规律动态观测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):3 009–3 013.(ZHANG Pingsong,WU Jiwen,LIU Shengdong.Study on dynamic observation of coal seam floor′s failure law[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.1):3 009–3 013.(in Chinese))
[7]张平松,刘盛东,吴荣新.采煤面覆岩变形与破坏立体电法动态测试[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(9):1 870–1 875.(ZHANG Pingsong,LIU Shengdong,WU Rongxin.Dynamic detection of overburden deformation and failure in mining workface by 3D resistivity method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(9):1 870–1 875.(in Chinese))
[8]李通林,谭学书,刘传伟.矿山岩石力学[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1991.(LI Tonglin,TAN Xueshu,LIU Chuanwei.Rock mechanics of mine[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,1991.(in Chinese))
[9]万虹.地下空区稳定性的相似模拟研究[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(6):74–77.(WAN Hong.Similar imitation research on ground empty stope stability[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(6):74–77.(in Chinese))
[10]李向阳,李俊平,周创兵.采空场覆岩变形数值模拟与相似模拟比较研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(12):1 907–1 912.(LI Xiangyang,LI Junping,ZHOU Chuangbing.Comparative study on numerical simulation and similarity simulation of overburden deformation in abandoned stope[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(12):1 907–1 912.(in Chinese))
[11]李俊平,周创兵,李向阳.下凹地形下采空区处理方案的相似模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(4):581–586.(LI Junping,ZHOU Chuangbing,LI Xiangyang.Similarity-simulation study of project disposing abandoned stope under the sunken topographty[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(4):581–586.(in Chinese))
[12]SASAKI Y.3D resistivity inversion using the finite-element method[J].Geophysics,1994,59(11):1 839–1 848.
[13]程久龙,于师建.覆岩变形破坏电阻率响应特征的模拟实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5):699–706.(CHENG Jiulong,YU Shijian.Simulation experiment on the response of resistivity to deformation and failure of overburden[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(5):699–706.(in Chinese))
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