基于炮孔不同耦合介质的孔壁爆炸载荷及比能时间函数分析
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摘要
为从炮孔装药耦合介质的选取上改善爆破效果和控制爆破振动危害,应用爆炸力学的相关理论建立耦合装药、不同耦合介质(水、空气、泥土)装药条件下孔壁爆炸载荷和透射比能的计算方法,通过MATLAB编程计算得到岩石介质中炮孔孔壁爆炸载荷和透射比能的时间函数并作图比较分析。研究表明:耦合装药时,孔壁爆炸载荷的初始值最大,但是衰减也最快;水不耦合装药时,孔壁爆炸载荷的初始值次之,但衰减速度最慢,作用时间最长;水不耦合装药时,孔壁透射比能量最大,耦合装药时次之;空气和泥土不耦合装药孔壁爆炸载荷与透射比能均较小。因此水不耦合装药提高了能量利用率,更有利于改善爆破效果,但产生的爆破振动强度大、作用时间长,不利于爆破振动危害控制。
To improve explosive crushing effect and control explosive vibration through selection of coupling mediums,the calculation models of explosive loading and specific energy were established under different coupling mediums of explosion source.The time function and curve of explosive loading and specific energy in rock medium were calculated with programming.The results showed that: the initial borehole explosive loading is the maximum,but its attenuation is also the fastest when using coupling charge;although that is smaller in water decoupling charge,its attenuation is the slowest;the specific energy of water decoupling charge is the maximum,that of water coupling charge is smaller;while both of barehole explosive loading and specilfic energy of air and soil-decoupling charge are minimum.So water decoupling charge was good for improving blasting crushing effect and bad for controlling blasting vibration.
To improve explosive crushing effect and control explosive vibration through selection of coupling mediums,the calculation models of explosive loading and specific energy were established under different coupling mediums of explosion source.The time function and curve of explosive loading and specific energy in rock medium were calculated with programming.The results showed that: the initial borehole explosive loading is the maximum,but its attenuation is also the fastest when using coupling charge;although that is smaller in water decoupling charge,its attenuation is the slowest;the specific energy of water decoupling charge is the maximum,that of water coupling charge is smaller;while both of barehole explosive loading and specilfic energy of air and soil-decoupling charge are minimum.So water decoupling charge was good for improving blasting crushing effect and bad for controlling blasting vibration.
引文
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[2]宗琦,孟德君.炮孔不同装药结构对爆破能量影响的理论探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):614-645.
[3]杜俊林,周胜兵,宗琦.不耦合装药时孔壁压力的理论分析和求算[J].西安科技大学学报,2007,27(3):347-351.
[4]武海军,杨军,黄风雷,等.不同耦合装药下岩石的应力波传播特性[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(1):44-49.
[5]宗琦,罗强.炮孔水耦合装药爆破应力分布特性试验研究[J].实验力学,2006,21(3):393-397.
[6]李顺波,东兆星,齐燕军,等.爆炸冲击波在不同介质中传播衰减规律的数值模拟[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(7):115-117.
[7]姜鹏飞,唐德高,龙源,等.不耦合装药爆破对硬岩应力场影响的数值分析[J].岩土力学,2009,28(7):276-279.
[8]林大超,白春华,等.爆炸地震效应[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[9]高金石,张奇编著.爆破理论与爆破优化[M].西安地图出版社,1985.
[10]J.亨利奇.爆炸动力学及其应用[M].熊建国等译.北京:科学出版社,1987.
[11]赵颜军,傅菊根.不同装药结构条件下爆炸能量的理论计算[J].安徽理工大学学报,2004,24(3):37-39.
[12]A H哈努卡耶夫.矿岩爆破物理过程[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1980.
[13]李夕兵,凌同华,张义平.爆破震动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
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