振动筛试验模型和原型相似试验研究
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摘要
通过对27 m2大型直线振动筛及缩比为1:10的相似试验模型筛的试验模态分析,得到其幅频特性曲线并提取其中6阶固有频率,测试分析出其模态振型。根据相似理论,通过对原型筛与相似试验模型筛的固有频率对比,得出二者固有频率的相对误差小于8.62%。通过对原型筛及其相似试验模型筛的振型分析对比,发现二者各阶振型基本一致。结果表明,用模态分析法可以直观有效地得到直线振动筛的固有特性参数,为提高直线振动筛的使用寿命和可靠性以及结构优化设计提供了理论依据,证实了利用缩小比例的相似试验模型筛进行试验模态分析的有效性,验证了相似模型与原型的试验数据的一致性和可靠性。从而可知振动筛试验模型可以近似代替原型样机进行试验模态分析,对相似模型试验研究提供了参考。
The six order natural frequencies are extracted from amplitude-frequency curve and modal shapes are tested through the experimental modal analysis carried out by the 1:10 scale similar test model and the prototype of 27 m2 large-scale linear vibrating screen.According to the similarity theory the relative error of the natural frequencies between the prototype of vibrating screen and the similar test model is less than 8.62%.The modal shapes of all orders are consistent between the prototype of vibrating screen and the similar test model.The results show that the inherent parameters of the linear vibrating screen can be obtained visually and effectively by using modal analysis method,which provides theoretical foundation for improving service life,reliability and structural optimization of the linear vibrating screen.The modal experimental results of the 1:10 scale similar test model are proved to be correct and valid compared with the data of the prototype of vibrating screen and the consistency and reliability of the experimental data are verified.The experimental modal analysis can be carried out by the similar test model instead of the prototype of the large-scale linear vibrating screen approximately,which provides reference for similar experimental studies.
The six order natural frequencies are extracted from amplitude-frequency curve and modal shapes are tested through the experimental modal analysis carried out by the 1:10 scale similar test model and the prototype of 27 m2 large-scale linear vibrating screen.According to the similarity theory the relative error of the natural frequencies between the prototype of vibrating screen and the similar test model is less than 8.62%.The modal shapes of all orders are consistent between the prototype of vibrating screen and the similar test model.The results show that the inherent parameters of the linear vibrating screen can be obtained visually and effectively by using modal analysis method,which provides theoretical foundation for improving service life,reliability and structural optimization of the linear vibrating screen.The modal experimental results of the 1:10 scale similar test model are proved to be correct and valid compared with the data of the prototype of vibrating screen and the consistency and reliability of the experimental data are verified.The experimental modal analysis can be carried out by the similar test model instead of the prototype of the large-scale linear vibrating screen approximately,which provides reference for similar experimental studies.
引文
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[3]SHEN Fan,ZHENG Min,CHEN Huaihai.Using cross-correlation theory to extract modal parameters in frequency-domain[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,16(1):83-86.
[4]马维金,熊诗波,熊晓燕.基于模态理论的振动结构声辐射信号特征提取方法及其应用[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(5):15-20.MA Weijin,XIONG Shibo,XIONG Xiaoyan.Method for sound signal characteristic extraction based on modal analysis and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(5):15-20.
[5]贠超,宋量量,李然,等.120 kg点焊机器人试验模态分析[J].机械工程学报,2001,37(6):38-42.YUN Chao,SONG Liangliang,LI Ran,et al.Experimental modal analysis of 120 kg spot welding robots[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2001,37(6):38-42.
[6]杨小卫,刘咏萱,周孔亢,等.车辆驾驶室顶板振动的影响分析[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(8):221-227.YANG Xiaowei,LIU Yongxuan,ZHOU Kongkang,et al.Effect analysis of cab roof panel vibration[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(8):221-227.
[7]林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1-8.LIN Gao,ZHU Tong,LIN Bei.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2000,40(1):1-8.
[8]迟世春,林少书.结构动力模型试验相似理论及其验证[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(4):11-20.CHI Shichun,LIN Shaoshu.Validation of similitude laws for dynamic structural model test[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2004,20(4):11-20.
[9]EWINS D J.Modal testing:Theory and practice[M].England:Research Studies Press Ltd.,1984.
[10]沈松,应怀樵,雷速华,等.用锤击法和变时基技术进行黄河铁路桥的模态试验分析[J].振动工程学报,2000,13(3):492-495.SHEN Song,YING Huaiqiao,LEI Suhua,et al.Modal test for the Yellow River bridge exciting with hammer[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2000,13(3):492-495.
[11]王永岩,邰英楼,孙奇涵.大型直线振动筛动态仿真的研究[J].计算力学学报,2001,18(1):94-98.WANG Yongyan,TAI Yinglou,SUN Qihan.Study on the dynamic simulation of the large linear vibration mesh[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2001,18(1):94-98.
[12]巨丽,李永堂.对击式液压锤理论与试验模态分析[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(1):273-276.JU Li,LI Yongtang.Theoretical and test modal analysis of counterblow hydraulic hammer[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(1):273-276.
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