三维激光扫描技术在岩土文物保护中的应用
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摘要
三维激光扫描是近年来飞跃发展的一项高新测绘与信息技术,在文物保护中发挥了重要作用介绍了三维激光扫描技术的主要特点,从岩土文物保护需求出发,结合实际文物保护工程,重点介绍了三维激光扫描技术在文物信息留存、虚拟修复、监测等方面的应用,最后指出三维扫描技术在岩土文物保护中的心用与发展须与保护需求紧密结合,而硬软件的改进完善及相关技术的集成心用亦是重要研究方向。
Three - dimensional laser scanning is a new,advanced and rapidly developing technique in the fields of both surveying and information technology.It has played an important role in the conservation of cultural relics. This report summarizes the characteristics of three -dimensional laser scanning technology.With the aim of meeting requirements and to satisfy the demand for the conservation of stone cultural relics,some specific applications of the technique are introduced,especially information retention,virtual restoration and monitoring.Finally it is pointed out that in future application of the 3-D laser scanning to the field of relic conservation,there should he a focus on combining different applications;improvements of both hardware and software are also very important.
Three - dimensional laser scanning is a new,advanced and rapidly developing technique in the fields of both surveying and information technology.It has played an important role in the conservation of cultural relics. This report summarizes the characteristics of three -dimensional laser scanning technology.With the aim of meeting requirements and to satisfy the demand for the conservation of stone cultural relics,some specific applications of the technique are introduced,especially information retention,virtual restoration and monitoring.Finally it is pointed out that in future application of the 3-D laser scanning to the field of relic conservation,there should he a focus on combining different applications;improvements of both hardware and software are also very important.
引文
[1]黄克忠.岩土文物建筑[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1998. HUANG Ke-zhong.Geotechnical heritage[M].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,1998.
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[3]李清泉,杨必胜,史文中,等.三维空间数据的实时获取、建模与可视化[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003. LI Qing-quan,YANF Bi-sheng,Shi Wenzhong,et al.The acquisition, modeling and visualization of the three-dimensional data. [M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2003.
[4]李德仁.论21世纪遥感与GIS的发展[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(2):127-131 LI De-ren.The discussion on the development of remote sensing and GIS in 21th century[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(2):127-131
[5]董秀军.三维激光扫描技术及其工程应用研究[D].成都理工大学硕士论文,2007. DONG Xiu-jun.D laser scanning technology and its application in engineering[D].Chengdu University of Technology Master's Thesis, 2007.
[6]郭祥,刘卉.三维激光扫描技术及其在地质中的应用展望[J].软件导刊,2009,18(3):183-185 GUO Xiang,LIU Hui.The application prospects of the Three-dimensional Laser Scan Technology in geology.Software Guide, 2009,18(3):183-185
[7]戴升山,李田凤.地面三维激光扫描技术的发展与应用前景[J].现代测绘,2009,32(4):11-12. DAI Sheng-shan,LI Tian-feng.The Development and Application Prospects of Ground Three-dimensional Laser Scan Technology [J].Modern surveying mapp,2009,32(4):11-12.
[8]李滨.徕卡三维扫描系统在文物保护领域的应用[J].测绘通报,2008,6:72-73. LI Bing.The application of the Lecia 3D laser scanning system in the cultural conservation[J].Bull Surveying Map,2008,6:72-73.
[9]胡少兴,查红彬,张爱武.大型古文物真三维数字化方法[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(4):951-954. HU Shao-xinng,ZHA Hong-bing,ZHANG Ai-wu.Modeling method for large-scale cultural heritage sites and objects using real geometric and real texture data[J].J Syst Simul,2006,18(4): 951-954.
[10]张瑞,骆岩林,周明全.等.文物数字化的关键技术[J].北京师范大学学报,2007,43(2):150-153. ZHANG Rui,LUO Yan-lin,ZHOU Ming-quan,et al.The key technology to the digitization of cultural heritage[J].J Beijing Normal Univ,2007,43(2):150-153.
[11]钱建国,赵军武,唐为刚.等.三维激光扫描仪获取的数据处理与应用研究[J].矿山测量,2009,6:44-46. QIAN Jian-guo,ZHAO Jun-wu,TANG Wei-gang,et al.The data handlling and application of the three-dimensional laser scanning data[J].Mine Surveying.2009,6:44-46.
[12]吴育华,王晏民,胡云岗,等.大足石刻千手观音三维测绘与信息留取[C]//大足石刻国际学术讨论会论文集-保护篇, 2009:84-91. WU Yu-hua,WANG Yan-min,HU Yun-gang,et al.Avalokitesvara Dazu Rock Carvings sacrificing three-dimensional mapping and information[C]//International Symposium Dazu Rock Carvings-protection articles,2009:84-91.
[13]潘云鹤,鲁东明.古代敦煌壁画的数字化保护与修复[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(3):310-314. PAN Yun-he,LU Dong-ming.Ancient Dunhuang murals Digital Protection and Restoration[J].System Simul,2003,15(3): 310-314
[14]周俊召.郑书民,胡松.等.地面三维激光扫描在石窟石刻文物保护测绘中的应用[J].测绘通报,2008,11:68-69. ZHOU Jun-zhao,ZHENG Shu-min,HU Song,et al.Terrestrial laser scanning in the grotto of stone conservation mapping[J]. Surveying Map,2008,11:68-69.
[15]魂涛.面向三维几何建模的数据融合与交互修补技术研究[D].北京大学硕士论文,2007. WEI Tao.Geometric Modeling for Data Fusion and Interactive repair technique[D].Master thesis,Peking University,2007.
[16]蔡广杰,张爱武,高峰,等.三维激光扫描技术在西藏壁画信息留取与病害调查中的应用[C]//2008系统仿真技术及其应用学术会议论文集,2008:279-322 CAI Guang-jie,ZHANG Ai-wu,GAO Feng,et al.The application of the 3d laser scanning in the information conservation and disease investigation of paintings in Tibet[C]//Conference on the System Simulation and its application,2008:279-322.
[17]王宴民,郭明,王国利,等.利用激光雷达技术制作古建筑正射影像图[J].北京建筑工程学院学报,2006,22(4):19-22. Wang Yanmin,Guo Ming,Wang Guoli,et al.Making Orthographic Images of Ancient Architecture With LIDAR technique [J].J Beijing Inst Civil Eng Archite,2006,22(4):19-22.
[18]侯妙乐,吴育华,张玉敏.三维激光扫描技术在震后铁旗杆保护中的应用[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(增刊1): 265-268. HOU Miao-le,WU Yu-hua,ZHANG Yu-min.Three-dimensional laser scanning technology in the flag after the earthquake protection of iron[J].Syst Simul,2009,21(suppl 1):265-268.
[19]张荣,李贞娥,徐世超.安岳石窟经目塔5.12汶川大地震后抢救性修缮——兼论三维激光扫描、计算机模拟技术在文物保护中的运用[J].文物保护与考古科学,2010,22(2):40-47. ZHANG Rong,LI Zhen-e,XU Shi-chao.Anyue Grottoes 5.12 by tower project after the earthquake rescue repair-On the three-dimensional laser scanning,computer simulation technology in the protection of cultural relics in the use of[J |.Sci Consery Archaeol, 2010,22(2):40-47.
[20]齐扬,方云,周伟强,等.唐陵石刻保护中新技术的应用[C]∥石窟寺研究论文集.第一辑.北京:文物出版社,2010: 279-284. QI Yang,FANG Yun,ZHOU Wei-qiang.et al.The new technology used in the conservation of Tangling carvings[C]//Collected works of Research on carvings I.Reijng:Cultural Relics Press, 2010:279-284.
[2]王金华.大足石刻保护[M].北京:文物出版社,2010. WANG Jin-hua.Dazu Rock Carvings protection[M].Beijing: Cultural Relics Publishing House,2010.
[3]李清泉,杨必胜,史文中,等.三维空间数据的实时获取、建模与可视化[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003. LI Qing-quan,YANF Bi-sheng,Shi Wenzhong,et al.The acquisition, modeling and visualization of the three-dimensional data. [M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2003.
[4]李德仁.论21世纪遥感与GIS的发展[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(2):127-131 LI De-ren.The discussion on the development of remote sensing and GIS in 21th century[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(2):127-131
[5]董秀军.三维激光扫描技术及其工程应用研究[D].成都理工大学硕士论文,2007. DONG Xiu-jun.D laser scanning technology and its application in engineering[D].Chengdu University of Technology Master's Thesis, 2007.
[6]郭祥,刘卉.三维激光扫描技术及其在地质中的应用展望[J].软件导刊,2009,18(3):183-185 GUO Xiang,LIU Hui.The application prospects of the Three-dimensional Laser Scan Technology in geology.Software Guide, 2009,18(3):183-185
[7]戴升山,李田凤.地面三维激光扫描技术的发展与应用前景[J].现代测绘,2009,32(4):11-12. DAI Sheng-shan,LI Tian-feng.The Development and Application Prospects of Ground Three-dimensional Laser Scan Technology [J].Modern surveying mapp,2009,32(4):11-12.
[8]李滨.徕卡三维扫描系统在文物保护领域的应用[J].测绘通报,2008,6:72-73. LI Bing.The application of the Lecia 3D laser scanning system in the cultural conservation[J].Bull Surveying Map,2008,6:72-73.
[9]胡少兴,查红彬,张爱武.大型古文物真三维数字化方法[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(4):951-954. HU Shao-xinng,ZHA Hong-bing,ZHANG Ai-wu.Modeling method for large-scale cultural heritage sites and objects using real geometric and real texture data[J].J Syst Simul,2006,18(4): 951-954.
[10]张瑞,骆岩林,周明全.等.文物数字化的关键技术[J].北京师范大学学报,2007,43(2):150-153. ZHANG Rui,LUO Yan-lin,ZHOU Ming-quan,et al.The key technology to the digitization of cultural heritage[J].J Beijing Normal Univ,2007,43(2):150-153.
[11]钱建国,赵军武,唐为刚.等.三维激光扫描仪获取的数据处理与应用研究[J].矿山测量,2009,6:44-46. QIAN Jian-guo,ZHAO Jun-wu,TANG Wei-gang,et al.The data handlling and application of the three-dimensional laser scanning data[J].Mine Surveying.2009,6:44-46.
[12]吴育华,王晏民,胡云岗,等.大足石刻千手观音三维测绘与信息留取[C]//大足石刻国际学术讨论会论文集-保护篇, 2009:84-91. WU Yu-hua,WANG Yan-min,HU Yun-gang,et al.Avalokitesvara Dazu Rock Carvings sacrificing three-dimensional mapping and information[C]//International Symposium Dazu Rock Carvings-protection articles,2009:84-91.
[13]潘云鹤,鲁东明.古代敦煌壁画的数字化保护与修复[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(3):310-314. PAN Yun-he,LU Dong-ming.Ancient Dunhuang murals Digital Protection and Restoration[J].System Simul,2003,15(3): 310-314
[14]周俊召.郑书民,胡松.等.地面三维激光扫描在石窟石刻文物保护测绘中的应用[J].测绘通报,2008,11:68-69. ZHOU Jun-zhao,ZHENG Shu-min,HU Song,et al.Terrestrial laser scanning in the grotto of stone conservation mapping[J]. Surveying Map,2008,11:68-69.
[15]魂涛.面向三维几何建模的数据融合与交互修补技术研究[D].北京大学硕士论文,2007. WEI Tao.Geometric Modeling for Data Fusion and Interactive repair technique[D].Master thesis,Peking University,2007.
[16]蔡广杰,张爱武,高峰,等.三维激光扫描技术在西藏壁画信息留取与病害调查中的应用[C]//2008系统仿真技术及其应用学术会议论文集,2008:279-322 CAI Guang-jie,ZHANG Ai-wu,GAO Feng,et al.The application of the 3d laser scanning in the information conservation and disease investigation of paintings in Tibet[C]//Conference on the System Simulation and its application,2008:279-322.
[17]王宴民,郭明,王国利,等.利用激光雷达技术制作古建筑正射影像图[J].北京建筑工程学院学报,2006,22(4):19-22. Wang Yanmin,Guo Ming,Wang Guoli,et al.Making Orthographic Images of Ancient Architecture With LIDAR technique [J].J Beijing Inst Civil Eng Archite,2006,22(4):19-22.
[18]侯妙乐,吴育华,张玉敏.三维激光扫描技术在震后铁旗杆保护中的应用[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(增刊1): 265-268. HOU Miao-le,WU Yu-hua,ZHANG Yu-min.Three-dimensional laser scanning technology in the flag after the earthquake protection of iron[J].Syst Simul,2009,21(suppl 1):265-268.
[19]张荣,李贞娥,徐世超.安岳石窟经目塔5.12汶川大地震后抢救性修缮——兼论三维激光扫描、计算机模拟技术在文物保护中的运用[J].文物保护与考古科学,2010,22(2):40-47. ZHANG Rong,LI Zhen-e,XU Shi-chao.Anyue Grottoes 5.12 by tower project after the earthquake rescue repair-On the three-dimensional laser scanning,computer simulation technology in the protection of cultural relics in the use of[J |.Sci Consery Archaeol, 2010,22(2):40-47.
[20]齐扬,方云,周伟强,等.唐陵石刻保护中新技术的应用[C]∥石窟寺研究论文集.第一辑.北京:文物出版社,2010: 279-284. QI Yang,FANG Yun,ZHOU Wei-qiang.et al.The new technology used in the conservation of Tangling carvings[C]//Collected works of Research on carvings I.Reijng:Cultural Relics Press, 2010:279-284.
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