高温单向约束下煤系砂岩物理力学及声学特性研究
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摘要
针对煤炭地下气化通道围岩在气化过程中具有两个自由面的情况,采用自行研制的高温单向膨胀约束试验装置对煤系砂岩试件常温至700℃高温过程中的物理力学及声学特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,高温后由于水分挥发、有机物分解,砂岩试件的质量逐渐减少;砂岩试件高温加热后尺寸均有变大趋势,但由于约束条件的影响,沿y方向试件膨胀缓慢;整个高温过程中,砂岩试件的纵波波速随温度的升高逐渐减小,整体上,y方向声速随温度呈反S型变化,而x方向声速随温度呈二次曲线下降,y方向声速因施加约束,降幅较小,膨胀约束抑制试件沿约束方向损伤的发展,同时对x方向损伤因子的发展也起限制作用;高温单向约束加热后砂岩单轴压缩全过程应力-应变曲线经历了压密、弹性、屈服、破坏4个阶段,温度越高,曲线右移趋势越明显,高温单向约束条件下砂岩的峰值强度、弹性模型都随温度升高而降低,峰值应变随温度升高而增加。
Aiming at the situation that surroungding rock of underground gasification furnace of coal has two free surfaces and is under high temperature during the gasification,the physico-mechanical and acoustic properties of coal-serial sandstone under high temperature and unidirectional restriction were tested from constand temperature to 700 ℃ on testing apparatus of high temperature and unidirectional expansion restriction.The results show that the quality of sandstone samples become less because of the evaporation of water,the decomposition of mineral,and organic matter.The dimension along each direction has trend to increase after sandstone sample is heated under high temperature,but compared with x,z direction,the expansion is slow along x direction owing to restriction.the longitudinal wave velocity of sandstone gradually reduces with temperature increasing,nevertheless,reduction in y direction is smaller.On the whole,longitudinal wave velocity along y direction change with temperature by reverse S,at the same time,longitudinal wave velocity along x direction decrease with temperature by a quadratic curve.Restriction holds up damage developmen in restriction direction,meantime,it has positive effect on restraining damage fator from enlarging.the complete stress-strain curve of sandstone from unaxial conpression after heating under high temperature and unidirectional restriction has four stages:consolidation,elasticity,yield and faliure.The tempereature is higher,the stress-strain curve moves towards right more evidently.The peak strength and elastic modulus of sandstone decreses with temperature increasing,on the contrast,the peak strain is in increase with temperature.
Aiming at the situation that surroungding rock of underground gasification furnace of coal has two free surfaces and is under high temperature during the gasification,the physico-mechanical and acoustic properties of coal-serial sandstone under high temperature and unidirectional restriction were tested from constand temperature to 700 ℃ on testing apparatus of high temperature and unidirectional expansion restriction.The results show that the quality of sandstone samples become less because of the evaporation of water,the decomposition of mineral,and organic matter.The dimension along each direction has trend to increase after sandstone sample is heated under high temperature,but compared with x,z direction,the expansion is slow along x direction owing to restriction.the longitudinal wave velocity of sandstone gradually reduces with temperature increasing,nevertheless,reduction in y direction is smaller.On the whole,longitudinal wave velocity along y direction change with temperature by reverse S,at the same time,longitudinal wave velocity along x direction decrease with temperature by a quadratic curve.Restriction holds up damage developmen in restriction direction,meantime,it has positive effect on restraining damage fator from enlarging.the complete stress-strain curve of sandstone from unaxial conpression after heating under high temperature and unidirectional restriction has four stages:consolidation,elasticity,yield and faliure.The tempereature is higher,the stress-strain curve moves towards right more evidently.The peak strength and elastic modulus of sandstone decreses with temperature increasing,on the contrast,the peak strain is in increase with temperature.
引文
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[14]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2 110-2 116.Wu Gang,Xing Aiguo,Zhang Lei.Mechanical characteristics ofsandstone after high temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2 110-2 116.
[15]晁俊奇,罗运军,侯建军,等.高温石灰岩纵波波速的实验研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(6):778-782.Chao Junqi,Luo Yunjun,Hou Jianjun,et al.Experimental researchon longgitudinal wave velocity of limestone[J].Journal of HenanPolytechnic University(Natural Science),2009,28(6):778-782.
[16]Chen Lunjian,He Jun,Chao Junqi,et al.Swelling and breakingcharacteristics of limestone under high temperatures[J].MiningScience and Technology,2009,19(4):503-507.
[2]沈芳,梁新星,毛伟志,等.中国煤炭地下气化的近期研究与发展[J].能源工程,2008(1):5-10.Shen Fang,Liang Xinxing,Mao Weizhi,et al.The recent study anddevelopment of UCG in China[J].Energy Engineering,2008(1):5-10.
[3]张祖培.煤炭地下气化技术[J].探矿工程,2000(1):6-9.Zhang Zupei.Underground coal gasification technolog[J].Explora-tion Engineering,2000(1):6-9.
[4]马瑞,卢敏杰,杨晓东.不同温压条件下弹性波在岩石中传播速度的试验研究[J].地震地质,1996,18(3):259-265.Ma Rui,Lu Minjie,Yang Xiaodong.Experiment study about elasticwave velocities in rocks under different pressure and tempereature[J].Seismology and Geology,1996,18(3):259-265.
[5]Rocchi Valentina,Sammomds P P,Kilburn C R J.Fractureing of ete-an and vesuvian rocks at high temperatures and low pressure[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2004,132(8):137-158.
[6]Mahmutoglu Y.Mechanical behaviour of cyslically heated finegrained rock[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1998,31(3):169-179.
[7]夏小和,王颖轶,黄醒村,等.高温作用下大理岩强度及变形特性影响的试验[J].上海交通学报,2004,38(6):996-998,1 002.Xia Xiaohe,Wang Yingyi,Huang Xingcun,et al.Experimental studyon high temperature effect’s influence to the strength and deforma-tion quality of marble[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2004,38(6):996-998,1 002.
[8]杜守继,马明,陈浩华,等.花岗岩经历不同高温后纵波波速分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1 803-1 806.Du Shouji,Ma Ming,Chen Haohua,et al.Testing study on longitudi-nal wave characteristics of granite after high tempereture[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1 803-1 806.
[9]Kil I C.The influence of high tempereture on limestone P-wave ve-locity and Schmidt hammer strength[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Science,2006,43:980-986.
[10]赵金昌,李义,赵阳升,等.花岗岩高温高压条件下冲击凿岩规律试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):904-909.Zhao Jinchang,Li Yi,Zhao Yangsheng,et al.Study on impactgrinding law of granite under the conditions of high temperature andhigh pressure[J].Journal of Ching Coal Society,2010,35(6):904-909.
[11]吴忠,秦本东,谌伦建,等.煤层顶板砂岩高温状态下力学特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(11):1 863-1 867.Wu Zhong,Qin Bendong,Chen Lunjian,et al.Experimental studyon mechanical character of sandstone of the upper plank of coal bedunder high tempereture[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2005,24(11):1 863-1 867.
[12]秦本东,吴忠,罗云军.鹤壁六矿砂岩的物理力学性能试验研究[J].岩土工程界,2004,7(7):69-70.Qin Bendong,Wu Zhong,Luo Yunjun.Experimental study on phys-ical and mechanical properties of sandstone from Hebi Sixth CoalGroup[J].Geotechnical Engineering Word,2004,7(7):69-70.
[13]赵洪宝,尹光志,谌伦建.温度对砂岩损伤影响试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(S1):2 784-2 788.Zhao Hongbao,Yin Guangzhi,Chen Lunjian.Experimental study oneffect of temperature on sandstone damage[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(S1):2 784-2 788.
[14]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2 110-2 116.Wu Gang,Xing Aiguo,Zhang Lei.Mechanical characteristics ofsandstone after high temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2 110-2 116.
[15]晁俊奇,罗运军,侯建军,等.高温石灰岩纵波波速的实验研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(6):778-782.Chao Junqi,Luo Yunjun,Hou Jianjun,et al.Experimental researchon longgitudinal wave velocity of limestone[J].Journal of HenanPolytechnic University(Natural Science),2009,28(6):778-782.
[16]Chen Lunjian,He Jun,Chao Junqi,et al.Swelling and breakingcharacteristics of limestone under high temperatures[J].MiningScience and Technology,2009,19(4):503-507.
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