高阶统计量及AIC方法在区域地震事件和直达P波初动识别中的应用
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摘要
利用高阶统计量(偏斜度和峰度)与赤池信息量准则(简称AIC)相结合,进行区域地震事件实时检测和P波初至精细识别的新方法研究,通过处理山东地震台网记录的地震波资料,结果表明:应用高阶统计量(偏斜度和峰度,尤其是峰度)能够有效识别地震事件,降低地震事件的错误报警率和漏报率;与人工识别震相到时结果相比,根据Ske-AIC、Kur-AIC震相自动识别方法得到的震相到时的平均绝对值误差小。
Basing on high order statistics and AIC method,we put forward new methods for real-time detection of regional earthquake event and automatic identification of direct P-wave first motion,and apply it to process seismic data recorded by Shandong Seismic Network.The results show as follows:①The high order statistics method(skewness and kurtosis,kurtosis especially) effectively detect earthquake events,and may effectively reduce false alarm and missing report rates;②Compared with phase arrival time results in manual identification,average absolute error of phase arrival time in automatic identification based on Kur-AIC and SkeAIC method are(0.09±0.08)s and(0.06±0.14)s,respectively.
Basing on high order statistics and AIC method,we put forward new methods for real-time detection of regional earthquake event and automatic identification of direct P-wave first motion,and apply it to process seismic data recorded by Shandong Seismic Network.The results show as follows:①The high order statistics method(skewness and kurtosis,kurtosis especially) effectively detect earthquake events,and may effectively reduce false alarm and missing report rates;②Compared with phase arrival time results in manual identification,average absolute error of phase arrival time in automatic identification based on Kur-AIC and SkeAIC method are(0.09±0.08)s and(0.06±0.14)s,respectively.
引文
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刘希强,周蕙兰,沈萍,等.用于三分向记录震相识别的小波变换方法[J].地震学报,2000,22(2):125-131.
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刘希强,周彦文,曲均浩,等.应用单台垂向记录进行区域地震事件实时检测和直达P波初动自动识别[J].地震学报,2009,31(3):260-271.
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王娟,刘俊民,范万春.神经网络在震相识别中的应用[J].现代电子技术,2004,27(8):35-37.
杨配新,邓存华,刘希强,等.数字化地震记录震相自动识别的方法研究[J].地震研究,2004,27(4):308-313.
张范民,李清河.利用人工神经网络理论对地震信号及地震震相进行识别[J].西北地震学报,1998,20(4):43-49.
赵大鹏,刘希强,李红,等.峰度和AIC方法在区域地震事件和直达P波初动自动识别方面的应用[J].地震研究,2012,35(2):220-225.
赵荣国.震相分析是地震科学的心脏[J].地震地磁观测与研究,1999,20(5):121-126.
朱元清,佟玉霞,于海英,等.数字化台网的近震震相自动识别[J].西北地震学报,2002,24(1):5-12.
周彦文,刘希强,李铂,等.基于单台P波记录的快速自动地震定位方法研究[J].地震研究,2010,33(2):183-188.
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Wang J.Teng T L.Artificial neural network-based seismic detector[J].BSSA,1995,85(1):308—319.
Wu Y M,Kanamori H.Experiment on an onsite early warning method for the Taiwan early warning system[J].BSSA,2005a,95:347-353.
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Zhang H J.Thurber C,Rowe C.Automatic P-wave arrival detection and picking with muhiscale wavelet analysis for singlecomponent recordings[J].BSSA,2003,93(5):1904-1 912.
常旭,刘伊克.地震记录的广义分维及其应用[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):839-846.
刘希强,周蕙兰,沈萍,等.用于三分向记录震相识别的小波变换方法[J].地震学报,2000,22(2):125-131.
刘希强,周蕙兰,曹文海,等.高斯线调频小波变换极其在地震震相识别中的应用[J].地震学报,2002,24(6):607-616.
刘希强,周彦文,曲均浩,等.应用单台垂向记录进行区域地震事件实时检测和直达P波初动自动识别[J].地震学报,2009,31(3):260-271.
李慧婷,黄文辉.应用人工神经网络方法识别近震与远震[J].华南地震,2000,20(4):71-75.
王暾,龚宇,顾建华,等.建立地震预警、地震报警和烈度速报综合系统的思考[J].国际地震动态,2011,(9):24-29.
王海军,靳平,刘贵忠,等.区域震相初至估计[J].西北地震学报,2003,25(4):298-303.
王继,陈九辉,刘启元,等.流动地震台阵观测初至震相的自动检测[J].地震学报,2006,28(1):42-51.
王娟,刘俊民,范万春.神经网络在震相识别中的应用[J].现代电子技术,2004,27(8):35-37.
杨配新,邓存华,刘希强,等.数字化地震记录震相自动识别的方法研究[J].地震研究,2004,27(4):308-313.
张范民,李清河.利用人工神经网络理论对地震信号及地震震相进行识别[J].西北地震学报,1998,20(4):43-49.
赵大鹏,刘希强,李红,等.峰度和AIC方法在区域地震事件和直达P波初动自动识别方面的应用[J].地震研究,2012,35(2):220-225.
赵荣国.震相分析是地震科学的心脏[J].地震地磁观测与研究,1999,20(5):121-126.
朱元清,佟玉霞,于海英,等.数字化台网的近震震相自动识别[J].西北地震学报,2002,24(1):5-12.
周彦文,刘希强,李铂,等.基于单台P波记录的快速自动地震定位方法研究[J].地震研究,2010,33(2):183-188.
Allen R V.Automatic earthquake recognition and timing from single traces[J].BSSA,1978,68:1 521—1 532.
Allen R V.Automatic phase pickers;their present use and future prospects[J].BSSA,1982,72:225—242.
Bear M.Kradolfer U.An automatic phase picker for local and teleseismic events[J].BSSA,1987,77:1 437—1 445.
Bai C Y,Kennett B L N.Automatic phase-detection and identification by full use of single three-component broadband seismogram[J].BSSA,2000,90:187-198.
Diehl T,Kissling E,Husen S,et al.Consistent phase picking for regional tomography models:application to the Greater Alpine region[J].Geophys J Int,2009,176:542—554.
Haykin S.Adaptive Filter Theory[M].New Jersey:Upper Saddle River,1996:1-989.
Kuperkoch L,Meier T,Lee J,et al.Automated determination of P-phase arrival times at regional and local distances using higher order statistics[J].Geophys J Int,2010,181:1159—1170.
Maeda N.A method for reading and checking phase times in autoprocessing system of seismic wave data[J].Zisin,1985,38:385-379.
Saita J,Sato T,Nakamura Y.What is the useful application of the earthquake early warning system[C]?The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Beijing,China,2008.
Sleeman R,Van E T.Robust automatic P-phase picking:An on-line implementation in the analysis of broadband seismogram recordings[J].Phys Earth Planet Interi,1999,113:265—275.
Wang J.Teng T L.Artificial neural network-based seismic detector[J].BSSA,1995,85(1):308—319.
Wu Y M,Kanamori H.Experiment on an onsite early warning method for the Taiwan early warning system[J].BSSA,2005a,95:347-353.
Wu Y M,Kanamori H.Rapid assessment of damaging potential of earthquakes in Taiwan from the beginning of P waves[J].BSSA,2005b,95:1 181-1 185.
Zhang H J.Thurber C,Rowe C.Automatic P-wave arrival detection and picking with muhiscale wavelet analysis for singlecomponent recordings[J].BSSA,2003,93(5):1904-1 912.
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