绝缘子放电区段划分及污秽预测的泄漏电流分形维数研究
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摘要
污秽放电的极端结果是污闪,为提取反映绝缘子污秽放电发展的有效特征量,在实验室反复试验研究的基础上,利用分形理论中的变换法提取绝缘子污秽放电过程中泄漏电流波形的分形维数,分析不同污秽度下安全区、预报区和危险区3个区段内泄漏电流分形维数的差异,提取预报区分形维数的均值和标准差来预测污秽度。得出污秽放电不同阶段分形维数的变化特征明显,且不同污秽度的分形维数大小不同。试验证明泄漏电流分形维数的变化规律能有效预测污秽放电发展趋势及污闪的发生,分形维数的大小能有效判断绝缘子污秽的轻重,为污闪预警提供了新方法和新特征量。
The extreme result of insulators contamination discharge is contamination flashover.In order to obtain effective characteristics of contamination discharge,the variation method of fractal was used to extract the fractal dimension of leakage current waveform through a number of laboratory experiments.The differences of leakage current fractal dimension in safety,forecast and danger zones under several contamination degrees were analyzed;and the typical value and the standard deviation of fractal dimension in forecast zone were extracted to predict contamination degrees.Experiments showed that variation characteristics of fractal dimension in different stages of contamination discharge are obvious,and fractal dimension values under different contamination degrees are different.These results can predict the development of contamination discharge and the occurrence of contamination flashover,estimate contamination degrees,and thus provide new methods and valid characteristics for the pre-warning of contamination flashover.
The extreme result of insulators contamination discharge is contamination flashover.In order to obtain effective characteristics of contamination discharge,the variation method of fractal was used to extract the fractal dimension of leakage current waveform through a number of laboratory experiments.The differences of leakage current fractal dimension in safety,forecast and danger zones under several contamination degrees were analyzed;and the typical value and the standard deviation of fractal dimension in forecast zone were extracted to predict contamination degrees.Experiments showed that variation characteristics of fractal dimension in different stages of contamination discharge are obvious,and fractal dimension values under different contamination degrees are different.These results can predict the development of contamination discharge and the occurrence of contamination flashover,estimate contamination degrees,and thus provide new methods and valid characteristics for the pre-warning of contamination flashover.
引文
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[17]孙才新,许高峰,唐炬,等.以盒维数和信息维数为识别特征量的GIS局部放电模式识别方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(3):100-103.Sun Caixin,Xu Gaofeng,Tang Ju,et al.PD pattern recognition method using box dimension and information dimension as discriminating features in GIS[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(3):100-103(in Chinese).
[18]汪刘应,王汉功,华绍春,等.用分形理论研究超音速电弧喷涂PS45涂层结合强度与喷涂电压的关系[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(2):291-294.Wang Liuying,Wang Hangong,Hua Shaochun,et al.Study of the bond strength of PS45 alloy coatings prepared by high velocity arc spray and processing parameters on fractal theory[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(2):291-294(in Chinese).
[19]解文荣,张莉.地震波形的分形判别与特征提取[J].华北地震科学,2004,22(4):22-24.Xie Wenrong,Zhang Li.The fractal identification of seismic wave and the extraction for its characteristics[J].North China Earthquake Sciences,2004,22(4):22-24(in Chinese).
[20]杨书申,邵龙义.Matlab环境下图像分形维数的计算[J].中国矿业大学学报,2006,35(4):478-482.Yang Shushen,Shao Longyi.Estimation of fractal dimensions of images based on Matlab[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2006,35(4):478-482(in Chinese).
[21]孙霞,吴自勤,黄畇.分形原理及其应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2003:23-49.Sun Xia,Wu Ziqin,Huang Yun.Fractal principle and apply[M].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,2003:23-49(in Chinese).
[22]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 4585—2004/IEC60507交流系统用高压绝缘子的人工污秽试验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1991.Standardization Administration of China.GB/T 4585—2004/IEC60507,Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage to be used on a.c.systems[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,1991(in Chinese).
[23]Chen Weigen,Yao Chenguo,Sun Caixin,et al.A new broadband micro-current transducer for insulator leakage current monitoring system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(1):355-361.
[2]de la O A,Gorur R S.Flashover of contaminated nonceramic outdoor insulators in a wet atmosphere[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics and第13期陈伟根等:绝缘子放电区段划分及污秽预测的泄漏电流分形维数研究Electrical Insulation,1998,5(6):814-823.
[3]An Ling,Jiang Xiuchen,Han Zhendong.Measurements of equivalent salt deposit density(ESDD)on a suspension insulator[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2002,9(4):562-568.
[4]王雪,张冠军,严璋.国内高压绝缘子在线检测方法综述[J].电瓷避雷器,2002,190(6):3-8.Wang Xue,Zhang Guanjun,Yan Zhang.Online detection method summarizing of insulators[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2002,190(6):3-8(in Chinese).
[5]石岩,蒋兴良,黄欢.污秽瓷绝缘子泄漏电流的估算方法[J].高电压技术,2009,35(6):1350-1355.Shi Yan,Jiang Xingliang,Huang Huan.Method of evaluating leakage current of contaminated porcelain insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(6):1350-1355(in Chinese).
[6]毛颖科,关志成,王黎明,等.基于BP人工神经网络的绝缘子泄漏电流预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(27):7-12.Mao Yingke,Guan Zhicheng,Wang Liming,et al.Prediction of leakage current of outdoor insulators based on BP artificial neural network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(27):7-12(in Chinese).
[7]李璟延,姚陈果,胡建林,等.染污绝缘子放电发展区段与污闪预警的实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(13):8-14.Li Jingyan,Yao Chenguo,Hu Jianlin,et al.Experimental research on discharge development zones of contamination insulators and contamination flashover pre-warning[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(13):8-14(in Chinese).
[8]朱德恒,严璋.高电压绝缘[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998:34-51.Zhu Deheng,Yan Zhang.High voltage insulation[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1998:34-51(in Chinese).
[9]顾乐观,孙才新.电力系统的污秽绝缘[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1988:25-46.Gu Leguan,Sun Caixin.Contamination insulation of electrical power system[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,1988:25-46(in Chinese).
[10]蒋兴良,石岩,黄欢,等.污秽绝缘子泄漏电流频率和相位特征的试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(7):118-124.Jiang Xingliang,Shi Yan,Huang Huan,et al.Experimental research on the frequency and phase characteristics of leakage current of artificially polluted insulators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(7):118-124(in Chinese).
[11]焦尚彬,刘丁,郑岗,等.基于最小二乘支持向量机的绝缘子等值附盐密度预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):149-153.Jiao Shangbin,Liu Ding,Zheng Gang,et al.Forecasting the ESDD of insulator based on least squares support vector machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(2):149-153(in Chinese).
[12]陈伟根,夏青,李璟延,等.绝缘子污秽预测新特征量的泄漏电流时频特性分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(5):1107-1112.Chen Weigen,Xia Qing,Li Jingyan,et al.Time-frequency characteristic analysis of leakage current for new characteristics of insulators contamination prediction[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(5):1107-1112(in Chinese).
[13]Suda T.Frequency characteristics of leakage current waveforms of an artificially polluted suspension insulator[J].IEEE Trans.on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2001,8(4):705-710.
[14]Suda T,Member S.Frequency characteristics of leakage current waveforms of a string of suspension insulators[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery,2005,20(1):481-488.
[15]惠阿丽,林辉.高压绝缘子泄漏电流的分形特征[J].高电压技术,2008,34(6):1271-1276.Hui Ali,Lin Hui.Fractal characteristics of leakage current on HV insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(6):1271-1276(in Chinese).
[16]赵健,雷蕾,蒲小勤.分形理论及其在信号处理中的应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:23-56.Zhao Jian,Lei Lei,Pu Xiaoqin.Fractal theory and its apply in signal processing[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2008:23-56(in Chinese).
[17]孙才新,许高峰,唐炬,等.以盒维数和信息维数为识别特征量的GIS局部放电模式识别方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(3):100-103.Sun Caixin,Xu Gaofeng,Tang Ju,et al.PD pattern recognition method using box dimension and information dimension as discriminating features in GIS[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(3):100-103(in Chinese).
[18]汪刘应,王汉功,华绍春,等.用分形理论研究超音速电弧喷涂PS45涂层结合强度与喷涂电压的关系[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(2):291-294.Wang Liuying,Wang Hangong,Hua Shaochun,et al.Study of the bond strength of PS45 alloy coatings prepared by high velocity arc spray and processing parameters on fractal theory[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(2):291-294(in Chinese).
[19]解文荣,张莉.地震波形的分形判别与特征提取[J].华北地震科学,2004,22(4):22-24.Xie Wenrong,Zhang Li.The fractal identification of seismic wave and the extraction for its characteristics[J].North China Earthquake Sciences,2004,22(4):22-24(in Chinese).
[20]杨书申,邵龙义.Matlab环境下图像分形维数的计算[J].中国矿业大学学报,2006,35(4):478-482.Yang Shushen,Shao Longyi.Estimation of fractal dimensions of images based on Matlab[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2006,35(4):478-482(in Chinese).
[21]孙霞,吴自勤,黄畇.分形原理及其应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2003:23-49.Sun Xia,Wu Ziqin,Huang Yun.Fractal principle and apply[M].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,2003:23-49(in Chinese).
[22]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 4585—2004/IEC60507交流系统用高压绝缘子的人工污秽试验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1991.Standardization Administration of China.GB/T 4585—2004/IEC60507,Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage to be used on a.c.systems[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,1991(in Chinese).
[23]Chen Weigen,Yao Chenguo,Sun Caixin,et al.A new broadband micro-current transducer for insulator leakage current monitoring system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(1):355-361.
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