冲击矿压的声发射监测技术研究
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摘要
煤岩体的破坏伴随着声发射现象,通过分析煤岩体损伤破坏与声发射之间的耦合关系,论述了利用声发射评价冲击矿压危险的可行性,提出了冲击矿压危险性评价的声发射指标的表达方式、临界指标的确定以及危险等级的划分。实验室测试了某冲击矿压矿井煤样破坏过程的声发射特征,为现场应用提供参照。最后分析了波兰ARES声发射系统在冲击矿压矿井中的应用效果与存在的问题。
The feasibility of the monitoring technology of acoustic emission(AE) accompanying the fracture of coal and rock mass is discussed based on the analysis of coupling relationship between the damage failure and acoustic emission;and then the expression of rockburst risk assessment using acoustic emission index and its determination methods as well as classification of risk rank are put forward.The acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples under uniaxial compression are tested and obtained in the laboratory in order to provide reference for on-site application.Finally,the effects and limitations of Polish ARES acoustic emission system at rockburst mine hazard are analyzed.
The feasibility of the monitoring technology of acoustic emission(AE) accompanying the fracture of coal and rock mass is discussed based on the analysis of coupling relationship between the damage failure and acoustic emission;and then the expression of rockburst risk assessment using acoustic emission index and its determination methods as well as classification of risk rank are put forward.The acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples under uniaxial compression are tested and obtained in the laboratory in order to provide reference for on-site application.Finally,the effects and limitations of Polish ARES acoustic emission system at rockburst mine hazard are analyzed.
引文
[1]窦林名,何学秋.冲击矿压防治理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[2]窦林名,赵从国,杨思光,等.煤矿开采冲击矿压灾害防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[3]李世愚,和雪松,张天中,等.地震学在减轻矿山地质灾害中的应用进展[J].国际地震动态,2006,(4):2-9.LI Shi-yu,HE Xue-song,ZHANG Tian-zhong,et al.Recent developments of mining seismology for mitigating mining hazards[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2006,(4):2-9.
[4]LOCKNER D.The role of acoustic emission in the study of rock fracture[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1993,30(7):883-899.
[5]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.LI Shu-lin,YIN Xian-gang,WANG Yong-jia,et al.Studies of acoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[6]陈忠辉,傅宇方,唐春安.岩石破裂声发射过程的围压效应[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(1):65-70.CHEN Zhong-hui,FU Yu-fang,TANG Chun-an.Confining pressure effect on acoustic emissions during rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(1):65-70.
[7]张茹,谢和平,刘建峰,等.单轴多级加载岩石破坏声发射特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(12):2584-2588.ZHANG Ru,XIE He-ping,LIU Jian-feng,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics of rock failure under uniaxial multilevel loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(12):2584-2588.
[8]苏承东,高保彬,南华,等.不同应力路径下煤样变形破坏过程声发射特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):757-766.SU Cheng-dong,GAO Bao-bin,NAN Hua,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics during deformation and failure processes of coal samples under different stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):757-766.
[9]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.花岗岩破裂全过程的声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3673-3678.ZHAO Xing-dong,TANG Chun-an,LI Yuan-hui,et al.Study of AE activity characteristics under uniaxial compression loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.2):3673-3678.
[10]CHANG S H,LEE C I.Estimation of cracking and damage mechanisms in rock under triaxial compression by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(7):1069-1086.
[11]姜永东,鲜学福,许江.岩石声发射Kaiser效应应用于地应力测试的研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):946-950.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu,XU Jiang.Research on application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission to measuring initial tress in rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):946-950.
[12]易武,孟召平.岩质边坡声发射特征及失稳预报判据研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(12):2529-2538.YI Wu,MENG Zhao-ping.Study of acoustic emission feature of rock slope and its instability forecast criterion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(12):2529-2538.
[13]万志军,周楚良,马文顶,等.边坡稳定声发射监测的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增刊2):627-629.WAN Zhi-jun,ZHOU Chu-liang,MA Wen-ding,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission monitoring of slope’s stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(Supp.2):627-629.
[14]唐春安.岩石破裂过程中的灾变[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993.
[2]窦林名,赵从国,杨思光,等.煤矿开采冲击矿压灾害防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[3]李世愚,和雪松,张天中,等.地震学在减轻矿山地质灾害中的应用进展[J].国际地震动态,2006,(4):2-9.LI Shi-yu,HE Xue-song,ZHANG Tian-zhong,et al.Recent developments of mining seismology for mitigating mining hazards[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2006,(4):2-9.
[4]LOCKNER D.The role of acoustic emission in the study of rock fracture[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1993,30(7):883-899.
[5]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.LI Shu-lin,YIN Xian-gang,WANG Yong-jia,et al.Studies of acoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[6]陈忠辉,傅宇方,唐春安.岩石破裂声发射过程的围压效应[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(1):65-70.CHEN Zhong-hui,FU Yu-fang,TANG Chun-an.Confining pressure effect on acoustic emissions during rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(1):65-70.
[7]张茹,谢和平,刘建峰,等.单轴多级加载岩石破坏声发射特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(12):2584-2588.ZHANG Ru,XIE He-ping,LIU Jian-feng,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics of rock failure under uniaxial multilevel loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(12):2584-2588.
[8]苏承东,高保彬,南华,等.不同应力路径下煤样变形破坏过程声发射特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):757-766.SU Cheng-dong,GAO Bao-bin,NAN Hua,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics during deformation and failure processes of coal samples under different stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):757-766.
[9]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.花岗岩破裂全过程的声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3673-3678.ZHAO Xing-dong,TANG Chun-an,LI Yuan-hui,et al.Study of AE activity characteristics under uniaxial compression loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.2):3673-3678.
[10]CHANG S H,LEE C I.Estimation of cracking and damage mechanisms in rock under triaxial compression by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(7):1069-1086.
[11]姜永东,鲜学福,许江.岩石声发射Kaiser效应应用于地应力测试的研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):946-950.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu,XU Jiang.Research on application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission to measuring initial tress in rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):946-950.
[12]易武,孟召平.岩质边坡声发射特征及失稳预报判据研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(12):2529-2538.YI Wu,MENG Zhao-ping.Study of acoustic emission feature of rock slope and its instability forecast criterion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(12):2529-2538.
[13]万志军,周楚良,马文顶,等.边坡稳定声发射监测的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增刊2):627-629.WAN Zhi-jun,ZHOU Chu-liang,MA Wen-ding,et al.Experimental study of acoustic emission monitoring of slope’s stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(Supp.2):627-629.
[14]唐春安.岩石破裂过程中的灾变[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993.
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