坝体与库水的流固耦合分析
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摘要
基于流固耦合分析方法,分别应用势流模式和位移模式2种流体单元模拟库水,并与传统的附加质量方法模拟库水的方法做了比较,结果显示该方法可行;相比附加质量方法,流固耦合方法与理论解更为接近,其中位移模式流体单元对单元形态要求较高。对库水截取区域的敏感性分析表明,流体区域选取3~5倍坝高可以得到较为满意的结果。以重力坝的不同坝顶宽度为例,讨论了需要考虑库水可压缩性的条件,这些成果为后续工作奠定了基础。
Dam-reservoir interaction was analyzed in this paper using fluid-solid coupling method.The reservoir water was modeled respectively by two types of finite element,namely pressure-based element and displacement-based element.The fluid-solid coupling method was compared with traditional Westergaard additional mass method and the comparison showed that the former was closer to the theoretical solution than the latter.The displacement-based element demanded more regular element shape than pressure-based element.Moreover,sensitivity analysis of selected areas of the reservoir showed that satisfactory results can be obtained if the length of reservoir area to be modeled was designed only 3-5 times the height of the dam.Finally,the compressibility of water was also explored taking the gravity dam structured model with different dam crest widths as an example.The present results will be helpful for the following research.
Dam-reservoir interaction was analyzed in this paper using fluid-solid coupling method.The reservoir water was modeled respectively by two types of finite element,namely pressure-based element and displacement-based element.The fluid-solid coupling method was compared with traditional Westergaard additional mass method and the comparison showed that the former was closer to the theoretical solution than the latter.The displacement-based element demanded more regular element shape than pressure-based element.Moreover,sensitivity analysis of selected areas of the reservoir showed that satisfactory results can be obtained if the length of reservoir area to be modeled was designed only 3-5 times the height of the dam.Finally,the compressibility of water was also explored taking the gravity dam structured model with different dam crest widths as an example.The present results will be helpful for the following research.
引文
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[4]李遇春,楼梦麟,尚伟,等.大型渡槽抗震分析中流体的位移有限元模式[J].水利学报,2003,2:93-97.(LI Yu-chun,LOUMeng-lin,SHANG Wei,et al.Displacement-Based Fluid Finite Element for Seismic-Resistant Analysis of Large-Scale Aqueduct[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2003,2:93-97.(in Chinese))
[5]李遇春,楼梦麟,周成.大型渡槽的竖向地震效应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(2):102-107.(LI Yu-chun,LOU Meng-lin,ZHOU Cheng.Anal-ysis of Vertical Seismic Effects for Large-Scale AqueductBridges[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engi-neer Vibration,2008,28(2):102-107.(in Chinese))
[6]AKKAS N,AKAY H U,YILMAZ C.Applicability ofGeneral Purpose Finite Element Programs in Solid-FluidInteraction Problems[J].Computers&Structures,1979,10:773-783.
[7]陈厚群,侯顺载,杨大伟.地震条件下拱坝库水相互作用的实验研究[J].水利学报,1989,7(7):29-39.(CHEN Hou-qun,HOU Shun-zai,YANG Da-wei.Study on Arch Dam-Reservoir Water Interaction UnderEarthquake Condition[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineer-ing,1989,7(7):29-39.(in Chinese))
[8]WILSON E L,KHALVATI M.Finite Elements for Dy-namic Analysis of Fluid-Solid Systems[J].InternationalJournal of Numerical Methods in Engineering,1983,19:1657-1668.
[9]高瑞强,宫必宁,郭建平.坝-水相互作用中水的压缩性影响研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2008,6(1):106-108.(GAO Rui-qiang,GONG Bi-ning,GUO Jian-ping.Study on Effects of Compressibility of Water inDam-Water Interaction[J].Journal of Water Resourcesand Architectural Engineering,2008,6(1):106-108.(in Chinese))
[10]刘浩吾.混凝土坝动水压力与库水可压缩性效应[J].水利水电科技进展,2002,22(2):10-13.(LIU Hao-wu.Hydrodynamic Pressure on Concrete Dams and Res-ervoir Water Compressibility Effect[J].Advances in Sci-ence and Technology of Water Resources,2002,22(2):10-13.(in Chinese))
[2]WESTERGAARD HM.Water Pressures on Dams DuringEarthquakes[J].Transactions of the American Society ofCivil Engineers,1933,98:418-472.
[3]CLOUGH H M.Reservoir Interaction Effects on the Dy-namic Response of Arch Dam[J].Proceedings of China-US Bilateral Workshop on Earthquake Engineering,1982:58-84.
[4]李遇春,楼梦麟,尚伟,等.大型渡槽抗震分析中流体的位移有限元模式[J].水利学报,2003,2:93-97.(LI Yu-chun,LOUMeng-lin,SHANG Wei,et al.Displacement-Based Fluid Finite Element for Seismic-Resistant Analysis of Large-Scale Aqueduct[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2003,2:93-97.(in Chinese))
[5]李遇春,楼梦麟,周成.大型渡槽的竖向地震效应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(2):102-107.(LI Yu-chun,LOU Meng-lin,ZHOU Cheng.Anal-ysis of Vertical Seismic Effects for Large-Scale AqueductBridges[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engi-neer Vibration,2008,28(2):102-107.(in Chinese))
[6]AKKAS N,AKAY H U,YILMAZ C.Applicability ofGeneral Purpose Finite Element Programs in Solid-FluidInteraction Problems[J].Computers&Structures,1979,10:773-783.
[7]陈厚群,侯顺载,杨大伟.地震条件下拱坝库水相互作用的实验研究[J].水利学报,1989,7(7):29-39.(CHEN Hou-qun,HOU Shun-zai,YANG Da-wei.Study on Arch Dam-Reservoir Water Interaction UnderEarthquake Condition[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineer-ing,1989,7(7):29-39.(in Chinese))
[8]WILSON E L,KHALVATI M.Finite Elements for Dy-namic Analysis of Fluid-Solid Systems[J].InternationalJournal of Numerical Methods in Engineering,1983,19:1657-1668.
[9]高瑞强,宫必宁,郭建平.坝-水相互作用中水的压缩性影响研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2008,6(1):106-108.(GAO Rui-qiang,GONG Bi-ning,GUO Jian-ping.Study on Effects of Compressibility of Water inDam-Water Interaction[J].Journal of Water Resourcesand Architectural Engineering,2008,6(1):106-108.(in Chinese))
[10]刘浩吾.混凝土坝动水压力与库水可压缩性效应[J].水利水电科技进展,2002,22(2):10-13.(LIU Hao-wu.Hydrodynamic Pressure on Concrete Dams and Res-ervoir Water Compressibility Effect[J].Advances in Sci-ence and Technology of Water Resources,2002,22(2):10-13.(in Chinese))
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