高构造应力区矿震规律研究
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摘要
利用华亭煤矿微震监测系统,研究了处于褶皱区域矿震灾害严重的250102工作面开采过程中矿震时空演化规律.结果表明:强矿震大部分发生在向斜轴部,向斜轴处冲击动力灾害危险高于其他位置.向斜轴部强矿震周期短,频次高;强矿震发生前,震动次数持续上升,但震动能量出现"平静"或下降趋势,可作为高应力向斜构造区强矿震预测的前兆信息.高构造应力区强矿震波形持续时间长,频谱呈高频多峰分布,破坏性大.降低产量,工作面匀速推进与超前卸压相结合,能控制高构造应力区矿震灾害强度.
The space-time evolution of mining shock during the extraction of the 250102 work face that was subject to the disasters in the fold region was studied using the micro-seismic system installed in the Huating colliery.The results show that most large mine shock occurs along the synclinal axis.Hence,these are much more dangerous than other areas.Large tremors along the synclinal axis are characterized by short cycles and a high frequency of occurrence It also seems that the number of tremors continued rise while the energy level was trending downward or "calm".The waveforms from large tremors last much longer and have a multi-peak high frequency spectrum characteristic of great destructive power.Methods suggested for controlling tremor intensity are reduced output and uniform advance at the working face combined with stress relief ahead the work face.
The space-time evolution of mining shock during the extraction of the 250102 work face that was subject to the disasters in the fold region was studied using the micro-seismic system installed in the Huating colliery.The results show that most large mine shock occurs along the synclinal axis.Hence,these are much more dangerous than other areas.Large tremors along the synclinal axis are characterized by short cycles and a high frequency of occurrence It also seems that the number of tremors continued rise while the energy level was trending downward or "calm".The waveforms from large tremors last much longer and have a multi-peak high frequency spectrum characteristic of great destructive power.Methods suggested for controlling tremor intensity are reduced output and uniform advance at the working face combined with stress relief ahead the work face.
引文
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[2]齐庆新,陈尚本,王怀新,等.冲击地压、岩爆、矿震的关系及其数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1852-1858.QI Qing-xin,CHEN Shang-ben,WANG Huai-xin,et al.Study on relations among coal bump rockburstand mining tremor with numerical simulation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1852-1858.
[3]窦林名,何学秋.冲击矿压防治理论与技术[M].中国矿业大学出版社,2003.
[4]LI Zhi-hua,DOU Lin-ming,LU Cai-ping,et al.Study on fault induced rock bursts[J].Journal ofChina University of Mining&Technology,2008,18(3):321-326.
[5]潘一山,王来贵,章梦涛,等.断层冲击地压发生的理论与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6):642-649.PAN Yi-shan,WANG Lai-gui,ZHANG Meng-tao,et al.The theoretical and testing study of fault rock-burst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,1998,17(6):642-649.
[6]GIBOWICZ S J,KIJKOA.矿山地震学引论[M].修济刚,徐平,杨心平,译.北京:地震出版社,1998.
[7]SHEN B,KING A,GUO H,Displacement stressand seismicity in roadway roofs during mining-in-duced failure[J].International Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Mining Sciences,2008,45(5):672-688.
[8]URBANCIC T I,TRIFU C I.Recent advances inseismic monitoring technology at Canadian mines[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2000,45(4):225-237.
[9]姜福兴,XUN Luo,杨淑华.采场覆岩空间破裂与采动应力场的微震探测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):23-25.JIANG Fu-xing,XUN Luo,YANG Shu-hua.Studyon micro seismic monitoring for spatial structure of o-verlying strata and mining pressure field in longwallface[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineer-ing,2003,25(1):23-25.
[10]潘一山,赵扬锋,官福海,等.矿震监测定位系统的研究及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):1002-1011.PAN Yi-shan,ZHAO Yang-feng,GUAN Fu-hai,et al.Study on rockburst monitoring and orientationsystem and its application[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):1002-1011.
[11]李铁,蔡美峰,孙丽娟,等.强矿震地球物理过程及短临阶段预测的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):961-967.LI Tie,CAI Mei-feng,SUN Li-juan,et al.Studyon geophysical process of strong mining-inducedearthquakes and forecast in the short-term and im-pending stages[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(4):961-967.
[12]CAO An-ye,DOU Lin-ming,CHEN Guo-xiang,etal.Focal mechanism caused by fracture or burst of acoal pillar[J].Journal of China University of Min-ing&Technology,2008,18(2):153-158.
[13]曹安业,窦林名,秦玉红,等.高应力区微震信号特征分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):146-149.CAO An-ye,DOU Lin-ming,QIN Yu-hong,et al.Characteristic of microseismic monitoring signal inhigh stressed zone[J].Journal of Mining&SafetyEngineering,2007,24(2):146-149.
[14]NEUBERG J W,TUFFEN H,COLLIER L,et al.The trigger mechanism of low-frequency earth-quakes on Montserrat[J].Journal of Volcanologyand Geothermal Research,2006,153(1/2):37-50.
[15]何满潮,苗金丽,李德建,等.深部花岗岩试样岩爆实验过程研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):865-876.HE Man-chao,MIAO Jin-li,LI De-jian,et al.Ex-perimental study on rockburst processes of granitespecimen at great depth[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):865-876.
[16]阿特金森B K.岩石断裂力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[17]窦林名,何学秋.冲击矿压的分级预测研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(6):717-722.DOU Lin-ming,HE Xue-qiu.Technique of classifi-cation forecasting rock burst in coal mine[J].Jour-nal of China University of Mining&Technology,2007,36(6):717-722.
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