杨木径切面准纵波传播路径追踪及速度变化试验研究
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摘要
为了研究准纵波在木材中的传播规律,测试并模拟了准纵波在完好杨木径切而的传播轨迹,分析了木材各向异性对准纵波速度的影响。首先将径切面离散网格化,测试准纵波在径切面内的传播时间,绘制传播时间等值线;然后对比木材纵向、径向以及心材、边材中准纵波速度差异,探讨纹理角与速度之间的关系;最后采用二次抛物线模型和Hankinson公式对径切面内准纵波速度进行预测,对两个模型进行比较和校验。研究结果表明,木材的各向异性对准纵波传播轨迹及速度都有显著影响,准纵波在木材纵向传播速度大大高于径向传播速度。
In order to understand the propagation rule of quasi-P wave in wood,the effects of wood anisotropy on the propagation velocity and the traveling path of quasi-P wave in the radial section of poplar wood were discussed in this study.Firstly,a series of grids were drawn on the radial section,in which the transmitting time of quasi-P wave was tested and used to simulate the isolines.Then,the velocities of quasi-P wave in different direction of wood were compared and the relationship between wood grain angle and propagation velocities was discussed.Finally,the second order parabolic model and Hankinson formula were employed to predict the quasi-P wave velocities.The results show that wood anisotropy has significant effects on both the velocity and traveling path of quasi-P wave,and the velocities in longitudinal are much higher than that in radial.
In order to understand the propagation rule of quasi-P wave in wood,the effects of wood anisotropy on the propagation velocity and the traveling path of quasi-P wave in the radial section of poplar wood were discussed in this study.Firstly,a series of grids were drawn on the radial section,in which the transmitting time of quasi-P wave was tested and used to simulate the isolines.Then,the velocities of quasi-P wave in different direction of wood were compared and the relationship between wood grain angle and propagation velocities was discussed.Finally,the second order parabolic model and Hankinson formula were employed to predict the quasi-P wave velocities.The results show that wood anisotropy has significant effects on both the velocity and traveling path of quasi-P wave,and the velocities in longitudinal are much higher than that in radial.
引文
1邓明晰.各向异性固体板中的非线性超声导波.声学学报,2008; 33(3):252-261
2邓明晰,李明轩.固体板中SH板波非线性效应的实验观察.声学学报,2009;34(1):1-10
3吴昊,张碧星,汪承濒.声波在固体板中的多径传播及其时间反转声场.声学学报,2005;30(3):215-221
4朱金林,刘晓宙,周到,龚秀芬.声波在有裂纹的固体中的非经??典非线性传播.声学学报,2009;34(3):234-241
5王耀俊,许明翔.层状各向异性固体媒质的声反射和声透射.声学学报,1995;20(3):161-169
6魏建新.正交各向异性介质波场特性的物理模拟研究.中国地震局地球物理研究所博士论文,2003
7王军,王寅观.金属薄板中Lamb波波速与静应力关系的理论研究.声学学报,2006;31(6):527-531
8 Lima W J,Hamilton M F.Finite-amplitude waves in isotropic elastic plates.Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2003;265(4):819-839
9 Bucur V.Ultrasonic techniques for nondestructive testing of standing trees.Ultrasonics,2005;43:237-239
10 Wang X P.Stress wave-based nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods for wood quality of standing trees.A doctoral dissertation of Michigan Technological University, 1999
11 Mattheck C G,Bethge K A.Detection of decay in trees with the Metriguard Stress Wave Timer.Journal of Abroriculture, 1993;19(6):374-378
12 Divos F,Szalai L.Tree evaluation by acoustic tomography. In Proceedings of the 13th International symposium on nondestructive testing of wood,Berkeley,CA.Madison, WI:Forest Products Society,2002:251-256
13 Ross J,Ward J C,TenWolde A.Stress wave nondestructive evaluation of wetwood.Forest Products Journal,1994; 44(7/8):79-83
14王立海,徐华东,闫在兴,吕建雄,杨学春,周次林.传感器的数量与分布对应力波检测原木缺陷效果的影响.林业科学,2008; 44(5):115-121
15 Sandoz J L.Grading of construction timber by ultrasonic. Wood Science and Technology,1989;23:95-108
16 SANDOZ J,殷亚方,BENOIT Y,姜笑梅.木材声学-超声波分等检测技术及工业应用.木材工业,2007;21(6):27-30
17 Halabe U B,Bidigalu G M,GangaRao H V,Ross R J. Nondestructive evaluation of green wood using stress wave and transverse vibration techniques.Materials Evaluation, 1997;55(9):1013-1018
18刘镇波.云杉木材共振板的振动特性与钢琴声学品质评价的研究.东北林业大学博士论文,2007
19 Kabir M F.Prediction of ultrasonic properties from grain angle.Journal of the Institute of Wood Science,2001; 15(5):235-246
20 Mishiro A.Effects of grain and ring angles on ultrasonic velocity in wood.Mokuzai Gakkaishi,1996;42(2):211- 215
21杨学春,王立海.应力波在原木中传播理论的研究.林业科学, 2005;41(5):132-138
22冯海林,李光辉.木材无损检测中的应力波传播建模和仿真.系统仿真学报,2009;21(8):2373-2376
23 Armstrong J P,Patterson DW,Sneckenberger J E.Comparison of three equations for predicting stress wave velocity as a function of grain angle.Wood and Fiber Science, 1991;23(1):32-43
2邓明晰,李明轩.固体板中SH板波非线性效应的实验观察.声学学报,2009;34(1):1-10
3吴昊,张碧星,汪承濒.声波在固体板中的多径传播及其时间反转声场.声学学报,2005;30(3):215-221
4朱金林,刘晓宙,周到,龚秀芬.声波在有裂纹的固体中的非经??典非线性传播.声学学报,2009;34(3):234-241
5王耀俊,许明翔.层状各向异性固体媒质的声反射和声透射.声学学报,1995;20(3):161-169
6魏建新.正交各向异性介质波场特性的物理模拟研究.中国地震局地球物理研究所博士论文,2003
7王军,王寅观.金属薄板中Lamb波波速与静应力关系的理论研究.声学学报,2006;31(6):527-531
8 Lima W J,Hamilton M F.Finite-amplitude waves in isotropic elastic plates.Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2003;265(4):819-839
9 Bucur V.Ultrasonic techniques for nondestructive testing of standing trees.Ultrasonics,2005;43:237-239
10 Wang X P.Stress wave-based nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods for wood quality of standing trees.A doctoral dissertation of Michigan Technological University, 1999
11 Mattheck C G,Bethge K A.Detection of decay in trees with the Metriguard Stress Wave Timer.Journal of Abroriculture, 1993;19(6):374-378
12 Divos F,Szalai L.Tree evaluation by acoustic tomography. In Proceedings of the 13th International symposium on nondestructive testing of wood,Berkeley,CA.Madison, WI:Forest Products Society,2002:251-256
13 Ross J,Ward J C,TenWolde A.Stress wave nondestructive evaluation of wetwood.Forest Products Journal,1994; 44(7/8):79-83
14王立海,徐华东,闫在兴,吕建雄,杨学春,周次林.传感器的数量与分布对应力波检测原木缺陷效果的影响.林业科学,2008; 44(5):115-121
15 Sandoz J L.Grading of construction timber by ultrasonic. Wood Science and Technology,1989;23:95-108
16 SANDOZ J,殷亚方,BENOIT Y,姜笑梅.木材声学-超声波分等检测技术及工业应用.木材工业,2007;21(6):27-30
17 Halabe U B,Bidigalu G M,GangaRao H V,Ross R J. Nondestructive evaluation of green wood using stress wave and transverse vibration techniques.Materials Evaluation, 1997;55(9):1013-1018
18刘镇波.云杉木材共振板的振动特性与钢琴声学品质评价的研究.东北林业大学博士论文,2007
19 Kabir M F.Prediction of ultrasonic properties from grain angle.Journal of the Institute of Wood Science,2001; 15(5):235-246
20 Mishiro A.Effects of grain and ring angles on ultrasonic velocity in wood.Mokuzai Gakkaishi,1996;42(2):211- 215
21杨学春,王立海.应力波在原木中传播理论的研究.林业科学, 2005;41(5):132-138
22冯海林,李光辉.木材无损检测中的应力波传播建模和仿真.系统仿真学报,2009;21(8):2373-2376
23 Armstrong J P,Patterson DW,Sneckenberger J E.Comparison of three equations for predicting stress wave velocity as a function of grain angle.Wood and Fiber Science, 1991;23(1):32-43
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