高分辨率过井地震层析成像的级联算法及其应用
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摘要
将过井地震层析成像的级连算法应用到垦71区井间地震资料处理中,得到了高分辨率、精确的井间纵波速度结构。首先根据初至出射角,旋转合成得到清晰的纵波波场,再精确拾取初至到时。初始速度模型是参考测井资料的分层模型,第一级反演算法为分辨率较低但稳定的BPT反演算法,为第二级高分辨率反演算法——阻尼LSQR迭代反演算法提供模型。层析结果显示出清晰的泥、砂互层,与测井参数构造解释对比,高、低速带与砂/泥岩层基本吻合,最高能分辨1/4地震波波长的薄层。研究证明级连算法能很好地兼顾高分辨率和高精度,大大提高了井间地震走时层析成像的质量,可以广泛地应用于油田的勘探和检测。
We apply cross-hole seismic tomography cascade algorithms to obtain accurate and high resolution P wave velocity structure in Ken 71 block.At first,for precisely picking the first-arriving travel times,we compose the break first wave filed according to take off angle of receiver recording.And then,a multi-layered velocity is structured consisted with well sonic logs as the starting model.Finally,we perform cascade algorithms.This method is characterized by the idea of successive approximation from low to high resolutions.The BPT algorithm of low resolution and stability was used first to provide initial earth model for higher resolution algorithm: improved algorithm of LSQR with damping iterations.The high resolution tomography results are matched well with borehole logs,the distribution of the high/low velocity layers in tomography image are consistent with the location of sand/mud layers which are predicted from the borehole logs.The result can image sand-mud interbed with layers 1/4 wavelength.The research shows that cascade algorithms simultaneously considers the high resolution and accuracy of tomography and can significantly improve the quality of crosswell traveltime tomography.So this method could be widely used in exploration and monitoring of oil fields.
We apply cross-hole seismic tomography cascade algorithms to obtain accurate and high resolution P wave velocity structure in Ken 71 block.At first,for precisely picking the first-arriving travel times,we compose the break first wave filed according to take off angle of receiver recording.And then,a multi-layered velocity is structured consisted with well sonic logs as the starting model.Finally,we perform cascade algorithms.This method is characterized by the idea of successive approximation from low to high resolutions.The BPT algorithm of low resolution and stability was used first to provide initial earth model for higher resolution algorithm: improved algorithm of LSQR with damping iterations.The high resolution tomography results are matched well with borehole logs,the distribution of the high/low velocity layers in tomography image are consistent with the location of sand/mud layers which are predicted from the borehole logs.The result can image sand-mud interbed with layers 1/4 wavelength.The research shows that cascade algorithms simultaneously considers the high resolution and accuracy of tomography and can significantly improve the quality of crosswell traveltime tomography.So this method could be widely used in exploration and monitoring of oil fields.
引文
[1]陈国金,高志凌,吴永栓.井间地震层析成像中自动生成初始速度模型的方法研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(4):339-342.
[2]陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,等.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):915-922.
[3]孔庆丰,王延光,左建军,等.垦71区块井间地震资料处理研究与应用[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):175-179.
[4]杜剑渊,杨文采.跨孔地震层析成像的级联方法[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(6):771-780.
[5]杨文采,杜剑渊.地震成像新算法及其在工程检测上的应用[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(2):239-244.
[6]Yang Wencai,Du Jianyuan.Approaches to solve nonlinear prob-lems of seismic tomography[J].Acoustic Imaging,1993,l20:591-604.
[7]Langan R T,Lerche I,Cutler R T.Tracing of rays through hetero-geneous media:An accurate and efficient procedure[J].Geophys,1985,50:1456-1465.
[8]杨文采.地球物理反演与地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1989:153-161.
[9]Paige C C,Saunders M A.LSQR:an Algorithm for Sparse linearEquations and Sparse least squares[J].ACM Trans Math Softw,1982,8(1):43-71.
[10]Paige C C,Saunders M A.LSQR:Sparse linear equations andleastsquare prolems[J].ACM Trans Math Softw,1982,8(1):195-209.
[11]杨文采.井间多波地震层析成像与波场反演[R].中国地质科学院地质研究所,2009.
[12]邹最红,陈晓非.利用SV分量接收函数反演地壳横波速度结构[J].地震学报,2003,25(1):15-23.
[13]李九生,夏吉庄,乔玉雷,等.井间地震资料解释方法初探[J].油气地球物理,2005,3(2):27-30.
[14]黄迎松.胜利油区整装油田非均质油层分类及评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6):729-733.
[15]季玉新,陈娟,谢雄举.测井曲线精细处理解释技术在复杂储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):139-144.
[16]李舟波,潘保芝,范晓敏,等.地球物理测井数据处理与综合解释[M].北京:地质出版社,2008.
[17]Tiziana Angionia,Richard D Rechtiena,Steven J Cardimonaa,Ro-naldo Luna.Crosshole seismic tomography and borehole logging forengineering site characterization in Sikeston,MO,USA[J].Tec-tonophysics,2003,368:119-137.
[2]陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,等.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):915-922.
[3]孔庆丰,王延光,左建军,等.垦71区块井间地震资料处理研究与应用[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):175-179.
[4]杜剑渊,杨文采.跨孔地震层析成像的级联方法[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(6):771-780.
[5]杨文采,杜剑渊.地震成像新算法及其在工程检测上的应用[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(2):239-244.
[6]Yang Wencai,Du Jianyuan.Approaches to solve nonlinear prob-lems of seismic tomography[J].Acoustic Imaging,1993,l20:591-604.
[7]Langan R T,Lerche I,Cutler R T.Tracing of rays through hetero-geneous media:An accurate and efficient procedure[J].Geophys,1985,50:1456-1465.
[8]杨文采.地球物理反演与地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1989:153-161.
[9]Paige C C,Saunders M A.LSQR:an Algorithm for Sparse linearEquations and Sparse least squares[J].ACM Trans Math Softw,1982,8(1):43-71.
[10]Paige C C,Saunders M A.LSQR:Sparse linear equations andleastsquare prolems[J].ACM Trans Math Softw,1982,8(1):195-209.
[11]杨文采.井间多波地震层析成像与波场反演[R].中国地质科学院地质研究所,2009.
[12]邹最红,陈晓非.利用SV分量接收函数反演地壳横波速度结构[J].地震学报,2003,25(1):15-23.
[13]李九生,夏吉庄,乔玉雷,等.井间地震资料解释方法初探[J].油气地球物理,2005,3(2):27-30.
[14]黄迎松.胜利油区整装油田非均质油层分类及评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6):729-733.
[15]季玉新,陈娟,谢雄举.测井曲线精细处理解释技术在复杂储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):139-144.
[16]李舟波,潘保芝,范晓敏,等.地球物理测井数据处理与综合解释[M].北京:地质出版社,2008.
[17]Tiziana Angionia,Richard D Rechtiena,Steven J Cardimonaa,Ro-naldo Luna.Crosshole seismic tomography and borehole logging forengineering site characterization in Sikeston,MO,USA[J].Tec-tonophysics,2003,368:119-137.
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