爆破振动安全判据研究综述
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摘要
简要回顾了国内外爆破振动安全判据的发展历程,综合分析了岩石高边坡和地下洞室围岩的爆破振动破坏机理、动力稳定性评价方法和爆破振动对新浇混凝土影响等方面的研究现状与进展,介绍了国内矿山、水电及核电行业采用的有关建(构)筑物、岩石高边坡、地下洞室围岩、基岩以及新浇混凝土的主要爆破振动安全判据标准,并与国外相关标准进行比较。分析讨论了以往爆破振动破坏机理研究中存在的问题以及现有爆破安全判据中的不足,如未对爆破地震波作用下岩体中波的传播问题和边坡动力响应问题的不同破坏机理加以区分,现有爆破振动安全判据中未对振动频率和持续时间的影响加以考虑等。
The development of the safety criterion of blasting vibration is briefly reviewed.The state and advance is introduced and analyzed in the mechanism of failure or damage induced by blasting vibration,the analysis methods of dynamic stability for rock slopes and surrounding rock mass of underground caverns under blasting vibration,and the influence of blasting vibration on early-aged concrete,etc.The safety criteria of blasting vibration for high rock slope,underground caverns,foundation rock mass and early-aged concrete adopted by mining industry,hydropower and nuclear power engineering in China are presented,and compared with those employed abroad.Main problems exist in the study of the damage mechanism induced by blasting vibration and deficiencies of the currently adopted safety criteria are analyzed and discussed,such as there is made no distinguish between the different damage mechanics induced by the propagation of blasting seismic in rock mass and by the dynamic response of rock slope,and the adopted safety criteria without considering the influence of vibration frequency and duration and so on.
The development of the safety criterion of blasting vibration is briefly reviewed.The state and advance is introduced and analyzed in the mechanism of failure or damage induced by blasting vibration,the analysis methods of dynamic stability for rock slopes and surrounding rock mass of underground caverns under blasting vibration,and the influence of blasting vibration on early-aged concrete,etc.The safety criteria of blasting vibration for high rock slope,underground caverns,foundation rock mass and early-aged concrete adopted by mining industry,hydropower and nuclear power engineering in China are presented,and compared with those employed abroad.Main problems exist in the study of the damage mechanism induced by blasting vibration and deficiencies of the currently adopted safety criteria are analyzed and discussed,such as there is made no distinguish between the different damage mechanics induced by the propagation of blasting seismic in rock mass and by the dynamic response of rock slope,and the adopted safety criteria without considering the influence of vibration frequency and duration and so on.
引文
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[6]张永哲.岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定分析[J].工程爆破,1996,2(4):31-38.[6]ZHANG Yong-zhe.Dynamic Stability Analysis of Blastingand Excavation of Rock High Slope[J].Engineering Blas-ting,1996,2(4):31-38.(in Chinese)
[7]陈明,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破振动作用下边坡极限平衡分析的等效加速度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(04):784-790.[7]CHEN Ming,LU Wen-bo,SHU Da-qiang,et al.Calcula-tion Method of Equivalent Acceleration for Limit Equilib-rium Analysis of Slope Under Blasting Vibration[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(04):784-790.(in Chinese)
[8]卢文波,赖世骧,朱传云.岩石高边坡爆破振动动力稳定分析[J].矿冶工程,1996,16(1):3-7.[8]LU Wen-bo,LAI Shi-xiang,ZHU Chuan-yun.Analysis ofthe Dynamic Stability of Rock Slopes Under Blasting Vi-bration Conditions[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engi-neering,1996,16(1):3-7.(in Chinese)
[9]阎坤,张云.岩质高边坡爆破动力稳定分析方法研究[J].水力发电,1996,(8):27-29.[9]YAN Kun,ZHANG Yun.Study on Dynamic Stability A-nalysis Method of the High Side-Slope Rock Blasting[J].Water Power,1996,(8):27-29.(in Chinese)
[10]许红涛,卢文波,周创兵,等.基于时程分析的岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定性计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2 213-2 219.[10]XU Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo,ZHOU Chuang-bing,et al.Time History Analysis Method for Evaluating DynamicStability of High Rock Slope Under Excavation Blasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2006,25(11):2 213-2 219.(in Chinese)
[11]刘亚群,李海波,李俊如,等.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3 659-3 663.[11]LIU Ya-qun,LI Hai-bo,LI Jun-ru,et al.UDEC Silmula-tion on Dynamic Response of Rock Slope of Huangmail-ing Phosphorite Mine under Explosion[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3 659-3 663.(in Chinese)
[12]陈明,卢文波,吴亮,等.小湾水电站岩石高边坡爆破振动速度安全阈值研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):51-56.[12]CHEN Ming,LUWen-bo,WULiang,et al.Safety Thresh-old of Blasting Vibration Velocity to High Rock Slope ofXiaowan Hydropower Station[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):51-56.(in Chi-nese)
[13]SAVELY J P.Designing a Final Blast to Improve Stabili-ty[A].Preprint No.86~50,Presented at the SME An-nual Meeting,New Orleans,Louisiana,U.S.A.,1986.
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