煤冲击破坏过程中的近距离瞬变磁场变化特征研究
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摘要
通过分离式霍普金森杆动载实验装置和ZDKT-1型瞬变磁振测试系统,研究冲击速度为4.174～17.652 m/s条件下的煤冲击破坏过程中动力学特性和瞬变磁场变化特征。分别采用一维应力波理论和希尔伯特-黄变换对煤冲击过程中的应变信号和瞬变磁场变化信号进行分析研究。研究结果表明:(1)在一定应变率范围内随着应变率的增加,煤材料的动态响应由硬化向软化过渡;(2)煤动载冲击破坏过程中距离煤样4 cm处的区域内磁场发生明显变化,通过整体经验模式分解(EEMD)法分析发现,其持续时间小于2 s,频率为0～40 Hz;(3)煤冲击破坏过程中瞬变磁场变化信号曲线表现为直线上升,指数下降,末尾小幅振荡的特征;(4)煤的冲击破坏过程中瞬变磁场变化信号幅值,随着冲击速度、平均应变率、最大应变率、断裂应力极限值的增大均出现增大趋势,随着破坏应变的增加而减小,但实验数据的离散性较大。
By a standard split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) dynamic test device and ZDKT–1 type transient magnetic vibration test system,the dynamic properties of coal and the characteristics of the transient magnetic nearby field in the process of coal impact damage are researched under impact velocity of 4.174–17.652 m/s.The one-dimensional stress wave theory and the signal analysis of Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) method are used to analyze the strain signal and the transient magnetic signal,respectively.The results show that:(1) The dynamic response of coal transforms from hardening to softening within certain range of strain rate;(2) The magnetic field has varied obviously in 4 cm distance of coal sample area during coal dynamic impact process,and it shows that the duration is less than 2 s and the frequency is less than 40 Hz through the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) analysis;(3) The characteristics of the signal curve of the transient magnetic changes in coal impact damage process is shown that the first performance straight up,then exponential decline,at the end of small oscillation;(4) The amplitudes of transient magnetic field changes in coal impact damage process rises with the impact velocity,average strain rate,the maximum strain rate and the limit value of fracture stress increasing,while it reduces with the failure strain increasing,but the data are of a larger dispersion.
By a standard split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) dynamic test device and ZDKT–1 type transient magnetic vibration test system,the dynamic properties of coal and the characteristics of the transient magnetic nearby field in the process of coal impact damage are researched under impact velocity of 4.174–17.652 m/s.The one-dimensional stress wave theory and the signal analysis of Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) method are used to analyze the strain signal and the transient magnetic signal,respectively.The results show that:(1) The dynamic response of coal transforms from hardening to softening within certain range of strain rate;(2) The magnetic field has varied obviously in 4 cm distance of coal sample area during coal dynamic impact process,and it shows that the duration is less than 2 s and the frequency is less than 40 Hz through the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) analysis;(3) The characteristics of the signal curve of the transient magnetic changes in coal impact damage process is shown that the first performance straight up,then exponential decline,at the end of small oscillation;(4) The amplitudes of transient magnetic field changes in coal impact damage process rises with the impact velocity,average strain rate,the maximum strain rate and the limit value of fracture stress increasing,while it reduces with the failure strain increasing,but the data are of a larger dispersion.
引文
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[19]DONNBO D.Denoising by soft-thresholding[C]//Proceedings of theIEEE Transactions on Information Transactions on Signal.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1996:2 141-2 150.
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[2]何学秋,王恩元,聂百胜,等.煤岩流变电磁动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:102-137.(HE Xueqiu,WANG Enyuan,NIEBaisheng,et al.Electromagnetic dynamics of coal or rock rheology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:102-137.(in Chinese))
[3]聂百胜,何学秋,王恩元,等.煤体剪切破坏过程电磁辐射与声发射研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(2):609-611.(NIEBaisheng,HE Xueqiu,WANG Enyuan,et al.Study on electromagneticradiation and acoustic emission in shearing process of coal[J].Journalof China University of Mining and Technology,2002,31(2):609-611.(in Chinese))
[4]王恩元,何学秋.煤岩变形破裂电磁辐射的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):131-137.(WANG Enyuan,HE Xueqiu.Anexperimental study of the electromagnetic emission during thedeformation and fracture of coal or rock[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2000,43(1):131-137.(in Chinese))
[5]何学秋,聂百胜,王恩元,等.矿井煤岩动力灾害电磁辐射预警技术[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(1):56-59.(HE Xueqiu,NIE Baisheng,WANG Enyuan,et al.Electromagnetic emission forecasting technology ofcoal or rock dynamic disasters in mine[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2007,32(1):56-59.(in Chinese))
[6]撒占友,何学秋,王恩元.煤与瓦斯突出危险性电磁辐射异常判识方法[J].煤炭学报,2008,32(12):1373-1376.(SAZhanyou,HEXueqiu,WANG Enyuan.Electromagnetic radiation anomaly identificationmethod of coal and gas outburst fatalness[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2008,32(12):1 373-1 376.(in Chinese))
[7]万国香,李夕兵.应力波作用下节理面前后电磁辐射强度的变化[J].地震学报,2009,31(4):411-423.(WANG Guoxiang,LI Xibing.Intensity variation of electromagnetic emission of the rock masseswith joints under stress wave action[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(4):411-423.(in Chinese))
[8]万国香,李夕兵.岩石破裂电磁辐射幅值与岩石属性参数的关系[J].力学与实践,2008,30(2):70-73.(WANG Guoxiang,LI Xibing.Relationship between the electromagnetic radiation and rock massesparamenter during rock failure[J].Mechanics and Practice,2008,30(2):70-73.(in Chinese))
[9]万国香.应力波作用下岩石电磁辐射与声发射特性研究[博士学位论文][D].长沙:中南大学,2008:15-67.(WANG Guoxiang.Studyon the charateristics of the electromagnetic emission and acousticemission in rock under stress wave[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University,2008:15-67.(in Chinese))
[10]李成武,许延超.煤与瓦斯突出主要影响因素主成分分析[J].煤矿安全,2007,38(7):14-17.(LI Chengwu,XUYanchao.The componentanalysis of mainly affecting factors of coal and gas outburst[J].CoalMine Safety,2007,38(7):14-17.(in Chinese))
[11]DAVIES E D H,HUNTER S C.The dynamic compression testing ofsolids by the method of the split Hopkinson on pressure bar[J].Journalof the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1963,11(2):155-179.
[12]李胜林,刘殿书,李祥龙,等.75mm分离式霍普金森压杆试件长度效应的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(1):93-97.(LI Shenglin,LIU Dianshu,LI Xianglong,et al.The effect ofspecimen length in 75 mm split Hopkinson pressure bar experiment[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2010,39(1):93-97.(in Chinese))
[13]ZENCKER U,CLOS R.Limiting conditions for compression testingof flat specimens in the Hopkinson pressure bar[J].ExperimentalMechaincs,1998,39(4):343-348.
[14]WEINONG W,CHEN B S.Split Hopkinson(Kolsky)bar design,testing and applications[M].[S.l.]:[s.n.],2011:7-17.
[15]SEMION K,THOMAS P F,HUANG N E,et al.On the Hilbert-Huangtransform data processing system development[C]//Proceedings of2004 IEEE Aeaospace Conference.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2004:1 961-1 979.
[16]李夕兵,凌同华,张义平.爆破震动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:82-84.(LI Xibing,LING Tonghua,ZHANGYiping.Analysis of theory and technology signal of blast vibration[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009:82-84.(in Chinese))
[17]薛嫚.总体平均经验模式分解法的理论研究[硕士学位论文][D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007:28-30.(XUE Man.A study ofensemble empirical mode decomposition[M.S.Thesis][D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2007:28-30.(in Chinese))
[18]WU Z H,HUANG N E.Ensemble empirical mode decomposition:anoise-assisted data analysis method[J].World Scientific,2009,1(1):1-41.
[19]DONNBO D.Denoising by soft-thresholding[C]//Proceedings of theIEEE Transactions on Information Transactions on Signal.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1996:2 141-2 150.
[20]李英雷,胡时胜,彭建祥,等.霍普金森压杆实验中的磁场干扰[J].爆炸与冲击,2002,22(3):274-276.(LI Yinglei,HU Shisheng,PENG Jianxiang,et al.Magnetic influence on strain signal ofHopkinson pressure bar[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2002,22(3):274-276.(in Chinese))
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