基于复Morlet小波的地层钻探识别
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摘要
在低信噪比时,短时傅里叶变换和实小波变换无法准确提取钻头进入不同地层的时延信息。为此,提出一种复小波变换分析法。利用幅值和相位信息对信号突变点进行提取和定位,从而实时判断钻头钻进目的层的时刻。实验结果表明,该方法能准确表征振动信号的时频特征,与短时傅里叶变换和实小波变换相比,具有更好的时间定位和抑噪能力。
According to the bit excited in the layers with different characteristics of the vibration signal,the delay information of the bit into an another stratum can not be extracted accurately by real Short Time Fourier Transform(STFT) and wavelet transform in the case of low SNR.This paper puts forward a complex Morlet wavelet transform analysis.The message of the amplitude and the phase has a good sensitivity to the mutation,so the mutation position can be extracted and then the time when the drilling bit is into different stratum is determined in real time.Experimental result prove that complex Morlet wavelet transform can accurately characterize the time-frequency information and the delay time information.Compared with the STFT and the real wavelet transform,complex Morlet wavelet transform has a better time localization and noise suppression capabilities.
According to the bit excited in the layers with different characteristics of the vibration signal,the delay information of the bit into an another stratum can not be extracted accurately by real Short Time Fourier Transform(STFT) and wavelet transform in the case of low SNR.This paper puts forward a complex Morlet wavelet transform analysis.The message of the amplitude and the phase has a good sensitivity to the mutation,so the mutation position can be extracted and then the time when the drilling bit is into different stratum is determined in real time.Experimental result prove that complex Morlet wavelet transform can accurately characterize the time-frequency information and the delay time information.Compared with the STFT and the real wavelet transform,complex Morlet wavelet transform has a better time localization and noise suppression capabilities.
引文
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[6]黄建林,罗飞,付建红,等.小波理论在钻柱振动谱分析中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(2):7-9.
[7]Yesilyurt I.End Mill Breakage Detection Using Mean FrequencyAnalysis of Scalogram[J].International Journal of Machine Toolsand Manufacture,2006,46(3/4):450-458.
[8]李传辉,张繁昌,印兴耀.三种线性时频分析方法的影响因素及精度分析[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(4):239-242.
[9]张志刚,周晓军,宫燃,等.基于复Morlet小波的汽车主减速器故障特征提取[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(11):192-195.
[10]李永亭,齐咏生,肖志云.基于小波变换的动态心电信号伪差识别[J].计算机工程,2009,35(18):269-271.
[11]Tabaru T,Shin S.Relation Between Spectrum Density and WaveletTransform of Correlation Function[J].Trans.of SCIE,2003,39(5):425-431.
[12]陈泽鑫.小波基函数在故障诊断中的最佳选择[J].机械科学与技术,2005,24(2):172-175.
[2]邵养涛,姚爱国,张萌,等.电磁波随钻测量双向信号传输系统[J].煤田地质与勘探,2010,38(3):70-72.
[3]韩继勇,王瑞,单联瑜,等.钻井过程中实时检测裂缝的方法[J].钻采工艺,2010,30(2):5-7.
[4]高岩.三牙轮钻头钻进时钻柱轴向振动的特征[J].石油学报,2000,21(6):93-96.
[5]张绍槐,韩继勇.随钻地震技术的理论及工程应用[J].石油学报,1999,20(2):176-179.
[6]黄建林,罗飞,付建红,等.小波理论在钻柱振动谱分析中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(2):7-9.
[7]Yesilyurt I.End Mill Breakage Detection Using Mean FrequencyAnalysis of Scalogram[J].International Journal of Machine Toolsand Manufacture,2006,46(3/4):450-458.
[8]李传辉,张繁昌,印兴耀.三种线性时频分析方法的影响因素及精度分析[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(4):239-242.
[9]张志刚,周晓军,宫燃,等.基于复Morlet小波的汽车主减速器故障特征提取[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(11):192-195.
[10]李永亭,齐咏生,肖志云.基于小波变换的动态心电信号伪差识别[J].计算机工程,2009,35(18):269-271.
[11]Tabaru T,Shin S.Relation Between Spectrum Density and WaveletTransform of Correlation Function[J].Trans.of SCIE,2003,39(5):425-431.
[12]陈泽鑫.小波基函数在故障诊断中的最佳选择[J].机械科学与技术,2005,24(2):172-175.
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