贯流泵内部压力脉动特性的数值计算
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摘要
压力脉动是影响贯流泵稳定运行的关键因素之一,本文采用大涡模拟对其内部流场进行分析总结,研究表明:压力脉动主要受叶轮旋转及动静相互干扰的影响;叶轮外缘与壁面间隙的存在,使小部分流体会从高压压力面流向低压吸入面出现回流,而加剧了压力脉动的影响,其幅值为进口压力脉动幅值的38倍;在大流量和小流量下压力脉动幅值均大于设计工况下的压力脉动幅值,导叶的整流特性减弱了叶轮压力脉动的影响;非设计工况下,在叶片进口边处,压力脉动幅频谱幅值最大,水力激振与叶轮旋转的影响相互叠加,在小流量下幅频谱幅值最大约为设计工况的1.5倍,在大流量下约为1.1倍。
Pressure pulsation is a key factor to stable operation of tubular pump.This paper presents an analysis and the following summary of the pressure pulsation on the basis of large eddy simulation data.Pressure pulsation is caused by two major factors,rotating impeller and stator-rotor interaction,and it is further enhanced by reverse flow in the gap between impeller and wall surface,i.e.the water flow from the blade pressure side of high pressure to the blade suction side of low pressure.The pulsation amplitude around this gap could be as great as 38 times of that at the pump inlet,and under large and small flow rates it is greater than the design values,while the flow management of guide vanes reduces the pulsation on the rotor.Under the off-design condition,the amplitude spectra of pressure pulsation shows the maximum intensity on the cross section upstream and close to the blades,where flow-induced vibration is intensified by pulsating forces of the rotating impeller.The maximum intensity of these spectra is roughly 1.5 and 1.1 times of the design value under the operating conditions of small and large flow rates,respectively.
Pressure pulsation is a key factor to stable operation of tubular pump.This paper presents an analysis and the following summary of the pressure pulsation on the basis of large eddy simulation data.Pressure pulsation is caused by two major factors,rotating impeller and stator-rotor interaction,and it is further enhanced by reverse flow in the gap between impeller and wall surface,i.e.the water flow from the blade pressure side of high pressure to the blade suction side of low pressure.The pulsation amplitude around this gap could be as great as 38 times of that at the pump inlet,and under large and small flow rates it is greater than the design values,while the flow management of guide vanes reduces the pulsation on the rotor.Under the off-design condition,the amplitude spectra of pressure pulsation shows the maximum intensity on the cross section upstream and close to the blades,where flow-induced vibration is intensified by pulsating forces of the rotating impeller.The maximum intensity of these spectra is roughly 1.5 and 1.1 times of the design value under the operating conditions of small and large flow rates,respectively.
引文
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[15]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.1.XIE Xu.Bridge seismic response analysis and seismic design[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006,1.(in Chinese)
[16]Igor J.Karassik,Joseph P.Messina,Paul Cooper,Charles C.Heald.Pump Handbook[M].Original edition Copyright(2001)by The McGraw-Hill Companies.
[2]成立,刘超,汤方平,等.对称翼型转轮双向泵装置紊流数值模拟与性能预测[J].农业机械学报,2004,35(5):78～81.CHENG Li,LIU Chao,TANG Fangping,et al.Numerical simulation and performance prediction of reversible pump with symmetric aerofoil[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2004,35(5):78～81.(in Chinese)
[3]宋振华,周济人,汤方平,等.贯流泵压力脉动测试信号的采集及处理分析[J].扬州大学学报(自然科学版)2009,12(2):54～57.SONG Zhenhua,ZHOU Jiren,TANG Fangping,et al.Acquisition and analysis of signals in tubular pump pressure pulsation test[J].Journal of Yangzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2009,12(2):54～57.(in Chinese)
[4]郑明,张改兰.轴流泵装置紊流数值模拟与性能预测[J].人民长江,2008,39(15):66～69.ZHENG Ming,ZHANG Gailan.Numerical simulation and performance prediction for axial flow pump devices[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(15):66～69.(in Chinese)
[5]王德军,周惠忠,黄志勇,等.对旋式轴流泵全流道三维非定常紊流场的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2004,21(3):150～154.WANG Dejun,ZHOU Huizhong,HUANG Zhiyong,et al.3-D numerical simulation on unsteady turbulence flow through the full passage of a contra-rotating axial flow pump[J].Engineering Mcchanics,2004,21(3):150～154.(in Chinese)
[6]YuanShouqi,NiYongyan,PangZhongyong.Unsteady turbulent simulation and pressure fluctuation analysis for centrifugal pumps[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,22(1):1～6.
[7]JoséGonzález,Carlos Santolaria.Unsteady Flow Structure and Global Variables in a Centrifugal Pump[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,2006,128(9):937～945.
[8]王福军,张玲,黎耀军,等.轴流式水泵非定常湍流数值模拟的若干关键问题[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(8):73～77.WANG Fujun,ZHANG Ling,LI Yaojun,et al.Some key issues of unsteady turbulent numerical simulation in axial-flow pump[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(8):73～77.(in Chinese)
[9]K M Guleren,A Pinarbasi.Numerical simulation of the stalled flow within a vaned centrifugal pump[J].Mechanical Engineering Science,2004,218:425～435.
[10]江帆,黄鹏.Fluent高级应用与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008.7.JIANG Fan,HUANG Peng.Fluent advanced application and case analysis[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2008.7.(in Chinese)
[11]Gonza'lez,J.,Santolaria,C.,Blanco,E.,and Ferna'ndez,J.Unsteady Flow Structure on a Centrifugal Pump:Experimental and Numerical Approaches[J].ASME Paper FEDSM2002～31182.
[12]Hagelstein,D.,Hillewaert,K.,Van den Braembussche,R.A.,Engeda,A.,Keiper,R.,and Rautenberg,M.Experimental and Numerical Investigationof the Flow in a Centrifugal Compressor Volute[J].ASME J.Turbomach,2000,(122):22～31.
[13]Weidong Zhou,Zhimei Zhao,T.S.Lee and S.H.Winoto.Investigation of flow through centrifugal pump impellers using computational fluid dynamics[J].International Journal of Rotating Machinery,2003,9(1):46～61.
[14]Jorge L.Parrondo-Gayo,Jose'Gonza'lez-Pe'rez,Joaqu'n Ferna'ndez-Francos.The effect of the operating point on the pressure fluctuations at the blade passage frequency in the volute of a centrifugal pump[J].Transactions of the ASME,2002,123(9):466～474.
[15]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.1.XIE Xu.Bridge seismic response analysis and seismic design[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006,1.(in Chinese)
[16]Igor J.Karassik,Joseph P.Messina,Paul Cooper,Charles C.Heald.Pump Handbook[M].Original edition Copyright(2001)by The McGraw-Hill Companies.
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