拟动力试验方法的发展与展望
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摘要
结构抗震试验是模拟地震作用、分析掌握地震机制及结构抗震性能的有效方法。对拟动力试验技术的研究现状和进展进行了概括总结,分析探讨了拟动力试验特别是基于子结构技术试验的逐步积分方法、加载控制方式、误差分析、拟动力子结构试验、实时子结构试验、远程协同拟动力试验、混合子结构拟动力试验等关键技术,对比分析了拟动力试验技术与其他试验方法的差异,以及拟动力试验技术中基于子结构技术各试验方法间的区别和特点,并进一步阐述了各种拟动力试验的现存问题、应用前景,指出了需要进一步研究的方向。
Seismic testing is an effective way to simulate earthquake action,analyze the seismic mechanism of the earthquake and seismic behavior of structures.This paper makes conclusions of present research status and advances in the technique of pseudo-dynamic testing which is one kind of seismic testing method,discusses key technologies of pseudo-dynamic testing such as:step-by-step integration method,ways of loading control,error analysis,real-time substructure testing,remotely collaborative pseudo-dynamic testing method,hybrid testing method for seismic simulation shaking tables.Besides,the differences between pseudo-dynamic testing and other testing are presented.At last,existing problems,application prospect and research direction in pseudo-dynamic testing are described.
Seismic testing is an effective way to simulate earthquake action,analyze the seismic mechanism of the earthquake and seismic behavior of structures.This paper makes conclusions of present research status and advances in the technique of pseudo-dynamic testing which is one kind of seismic testing method,discusses key technologies of pseudo-dynamic testing such as:step-by-step integration method,ways of loading control,error analysis,real-time substructure testing,remotely collaborative pseudo-dynamic testing method,hybrid testing method for seismic simulation shaking tables.Besides,the differences between pseudo-dynamic testing and other testing are presented.At last,existing problems,application prospect and research direction in pseudo-dynamic testing are described.
引文
[1]Nakashima M,Kato H,Takaoka E.Development of real-time pseudo dynamic testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,1992,21:79-92.
[2]吴斌,王倩颖.实时子结构实验的研究进展[J].实验力学,2007,22(6):547-555.
[3]Wu B,Bao H,Ou J,Tian S.Stability and Accuracy Analysis of Central Difference Method for Real-time Substructure Testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34:705-718.
[4]WUBin,BAO Haie.Stability and Accuracy of Chang Algorithm for Real-time Substructure Testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(2):41-48.
[5]Zhang Y,Sause R,Ricles J,etal.Modiffed predictor-correc-tor numerical scheme for real-time pseudo dynamic tests using state-space formulation[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,2005,34(3):271-288.
[6]Wu B,Xu G,Wang Q,etal.Operator-splitting Method for Real-time Substructure Testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2006,35(3):293-314.
[7]Jung R,Shing P B.Performance Evaluation of a Real-time Pseudo dynamic Test System[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,2006,35(6):789-810.
[8]BayerV,Dorka U,Fllekrug U,etal.On real-time pseudo-dynamic sub-structure testing:algorithm,numerical and experi-mental results[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2005,9:223-232.
[9]Nakashima M,and Masaoka N.Real-time on-line test for MDOF systems[J].Earthquake Engineering Structural Dynam-ics,1999,28(4):393-420.
[10]DarbyA P,Blakeborough A,WilliamsM S.Improved control al-gorithm for real-time substructure testing[J].Earthquake Engi-neering Structural Dynamics,2001,30(3):431-448.
[11]Blakeborough A,WilliamsM S,DarbyA P,etal.The develop-ment of real-time substructure testing[J].Phil.Trans.R.Soc.Lond.A2001,359:1869-1891.
[12]王倩颖,吴斌,欧进萍.实时子结构实验的研究与应用[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(1):40-46.
[13]Wu Bin,Wang Qianying,Shing P Benson,etal.Equivalent force control method for generalized real-time substructure testing with implicit integration[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,2007,36:1127-1149.
[14]许国山,吴斌.采用比例-积分控制的实时子结构试验等效力控制方法[J].工程力学,2009,26(9):251-256.
[15]许国山,Shing P.Benson,吴斌.砌体填充框架结构的实时子结构试验方法及仿真分析[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(2):234-241.
[16]袁涌,熊世树,青木-彦.基于速度控制型子结构实验的橡胶隔震支座性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(6):151-154.
[17]Horiuchi T,Inoue M,Konno T,etal.Real-time hybrid exper-imental systemwith actuator delay compensation and its application to a piping system with energy absorber[J].Earthquake Engi-neering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28:71-81.
[18]Wallace MI,SieberJ,Neild S A,etal.Stability analysis of real-time dynamic substructuring using delay differential equation models[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34:1817-1832.
[19]Darby A P,Williams MS,Blakeborough A.Stability and Delay Compensation for Real-Time Substructure Testing[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2002,128(12):712-721.
[20]Bonnet P A,Williams MS,Blakeborough A.Actuator Perform-ance in Real-Time Hybrid Tests[C]//Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advances in Experimental Structural Engineering,Nagoya,Japan,July,2005:465-472.
[21]王倩颖,吴斌,欧进萍.考虑作动器时滞及其补偿的实时子结构实验稳定性分析[J].工程力学,2007,24(2):9-14.
[22]WILLIAMS D M.Numerical Modeling of Real-time Substructure Testing[D].Oxford:Oxford University,2001.
[23]SPENCER B F.NEESGRID:a Distributed Collaboratory for Ad-vanced Earthquake Engineering Experiment and Simulation[C]//WCEE.13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver:Venue West Conference Services Ltd,2004:1674.
[24]PENG P,MOTOHID T,MASAGOSHI N,etal.On-Line Hy-brid Test by Internet Linkage of Distributed Test Analysis Domains[J].Earthquake Eng Struct,2005,34(1):1407-1425.
[25]吕建民,郭玉荣,肖岩.结构远程协同试验研究进展[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(4):39-43.
[26]PARK D,YUN C B,L EE J W,etal.On-Line Pseudo-dy-namic Network Testing on Base-Isolated Bridges Using Internet and Wireless Internet[J].Experimental Mechanics,2005,45(4):45-51.
[27]郭玉荣,张国伟,肖岩,等.单自由度结构远程分析及拟动力试验平台[J].湖南大学学报,2006,33(2):18-21.
[28]郭玉荣,曾东,肖岩.桥梁结构远程协同拟动力试验平台开发[J].湖南大学学报,2009,36(9):2-6.
[29]范云蕾,肖岩,郭玉荣,等.多层框架结构远程协同拟动力试验方法研究[J].湖南大学学报,2009,36(4):19-23.
[30]邱法维.结构抗震实验方法进展[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(10):19-27.
[31]HORIUCHI T,INOUE M,KONNO T,etal.Real-time Hybrid Experimental System with Actuator Delay Compensation and Its Application to a Piping System with Energy Absorber[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28(10):1121-1141.
[32]DARB Y AP,BLAKEBOROUGHA,WILLIAMS MS.Real-time Substructure Tests Using Hydraulic Actuator[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1999,125(10):1133-1139.
[33]李海洋,王向英,田石柱.地震模拟振动台子结构混合试验方法[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):75-80.
[34]王向英,田石柱.子结构地震模拟振动台混合试验原理与实现[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):46-52.
[35]王向英,田石柱,张洪涛,等.位移控制的子结构地震模拟振动台混合试验方法[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(2):30-35.
[36]保海娥,张自平,程绍革.振动台型混合试验系统试验设备研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2006,28(6):61-65.
[37]PAUSCHKE J,ANDERSON T L,GOLDSTEIN SN,etal.Net-work for Earthquake Engineering Simulation[C]∥Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.Proceedings of the7th U.S.National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Boston:Earth-quake Engineering Research Institute,2002:9-19.
[38]Hakuno M,Shidowara M,Hara T.Dynamic Destrutive Test of a Cantilever Beam,Cantrolled by an Analog-Computer[J].Transactions of the Japan Society of Civil Engineering,1969,171(12):101-105.
[39]邱法维,钱稼茹,陈志鹏.结构抗震实验方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[40]陈伯望,王海波.结构拟动力试验方法综述[J].湖南城市学院学报,2004,13(4):1-4.
[41]Tsutsumi H,Higashiura A.Pseudo dynamic Testing Method u-sing the Newmark Implicit Integration Method[R].Proceedings of Ninth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,1988.
[42]Ralf Peek,Waon-He Yi.Error Anslysis for Pseudo dynamic Test Method Application[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1990,116(7):75-81.
[43]M.Nakashima and H.Takai.Use of substructure Techniques in Pseudo dynamic Testing[C]//Research Paper.No.111,1985.
[44]M.Nakashima etal.Feasibility of Pseudo dynamic Test Using Substructuring Techniques[C]//Proceedings of Ninth World Con-ference on Earthquake Engineering.1988
[45]M.Nakashima,T.Akazawa and O.Sakaguchi.Integration Method Capable of Controlling Experimental Error Growth in Sub-structure Pseudo dynamic test[J].Journal of Structural Construc-tion Engineering.1993(454):61-71.
[46]李暄,刘季.田石柱结构拟动力试验力控制实现技术[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(1):49-53.
[47]田石柱,赵桐.抗震拟动力试验技术研究[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(4):60-66.
[2]吴斌,王倩颖.实时子结构实验的研究进展[J].实验力学,2007,22(6):547-555.
[3]Wu B,Bao H,Ou J,Tian S.Stability and Accuracy Analysis of Central Difference Method for Real-time Substructure Testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34:705-718.
[4]WUBin,BAO Haie.Stability and Accuracy of Chang Algorithm for Real-time Substructure Testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(2):41-48.
[5]Zhang Y,Sause R,Ricles J,etal.Modiffed predictor-correc-tor numerical scheme for real-time pseudo dynamic tests using state-space formulation[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,2005,34(3):271-288.
[6]Wu B,Xu G,Wang Q,etal.Operator-splitting Method for Real-time Substructure Testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2006,35(3):293-314.
[7]Jung R,Shing P B.Performance Evaluation of a Real-time Pseudo dynamic Test System[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,2006,35(6):789-810.
[8]BayerV,Dorka U,Fllekrug U,etal.On real-time pseudo-dynamic sub-structure testing:algorithm,numerical and experi-mental results[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2005,9:223-232.
[9]Nakashima M,and Masaoka N.Real-time on-line test for MDOF systems[J].Earthquake Engineering Structural Dynam-ics,1999,28(4):393-420.
[10]DarbyA P,Blakeborough A,WilliamsM S.Improved control al-gorithm for real-time substructure testing[J].Earthquake Engi-neering Structural Dynamics,2001,30(3):431-448.
[11]Blakeborough A,WilliamsM S,DarbyA P,etal.The develop-ment of real-time substructure testing[J].Phil.Trans.R.Soc.Lond.A2001,359:1869-1891.
[12]王倩颖,吴斌,欧进萍.实时子结构实验的研究与应用[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(1):40-46.
[13]Wu Bin,Wang Qianying,Shing P Benson,etal.Equivalent force control method for generalized real-time substructure testing with implicit integration[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,2007,36:1127-1149.
[14]许国山,吴斌.采用比例-积分控制的实时子结构试验等效力控制方法[J].工程力学,2009,26(9):251-256.
[15]许国山,Shing P.Benson,吴斌.砌体填充框架结构的实时子结构试验方法及仿真分析[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(2):234-241.
[16]袁涌,熊世树,青木-彦.基于速度控制型子结构实验的橡胶隔震支座性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(6):151-154.
[17]Horiuchi T,Inoue M,Konno T,etal.Real-time hybrid exper-imental systemwith actuator delay compensation and its application to a piping system with energy absorber[J].Earthquake Engi-neering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28:71-81.
[18]Wallace MI,SieberJ,Neild S A,etal.Stability analysis of real-time dynamic substructuring using delay differential equation models[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34:1817-1832.
[19]Darby A P,Williams MS,Blakeborough A.Stability and Delay Compensation for Real-Time Substructure Testing[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2002,128(12):712-721.
[20]Bonnet P A,Williams MS,Blakeborough A.Actuator Perform-ance in Real-Time Hybrid Tests[C]//Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advances in Experimental Structural Engineering,Nagoya,Japan,July,2005:465-472.
[21]王倩颖,吴斌,欧进萍.考虑作动器时滞及其补偿的实时子结构实验稳定性分析[J].工程力学,2007,24(2):9-14.
[22]WILLIAMS D M.Numerical Modeling of Real-time Substructure Testing[D].Oxford:Oxford University,2001.
[23]SPENCER B F.NEESGRID:a Distributed Collaboratory for Ad-vanced Earthquake Engineering Experiment and Simulation[C]//WCEE.13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver:Venue West Conference Services Ltd,2004:1674.
[24]PENG P,MOTOHID T,MASAGOSHI N,etal.On-Line Hy-brid Test by Internet Linkage of Distributed Test Analysis Domains[J].Earthquake Eng Struct,2005,34(1):1407-1425.
[25]吕建民,郭玉荣,肖岩.结构远程协同试验研究进展[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(4):39-43.
[26]PARK D,YUN C B,L EE J W,etal.On-Line Pseudo-dy-namic Network Testing on Base-Isolated Bridges Using Internet and Wireless Internet[J].Experimental Mechanics,2005,45(4):45-51.
[27]郭玉荣,张国伟,肖岩,等.单自由度结构远程分析及拟动力试验平台[J].湖南大学学报,2006,33(2):18-21.
[28]郭玉荣,曾东,肖岩.桥梁结构远程协同拟动力试验平台开发[J].湖南大学学报,2009,36(9):2-6.
[29]范云蕾,肖岩,郭玉荣,等.多层框架结构远程协同拟动力试验方法研究[J].湖南大学学报,2009,36(4):19-23.
[30]邱法维.结构抗震实验方法进展[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(10):19-27.
[31]HORIUCHI T,INOUE M,KONNO T,etal.Real-time Hybrid Experimental System with Actuator Delay Compensation and Its Application to a Piping System with Energy Absorber[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28(10):1121-1141.
[32]DARB Y AP,BLAKEBOROUGHA,WILLIAMS MS.Real-time Substructure Tests Using Hydraulic Actuator[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1999,125(10):1133-1139.
[33]李海洋,王向英,田石柱.地震模拟振动台子结构混合试验方法[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):75-80.
[34]王向英,田石柱.子结构地震模拟振动台混合试验原理与实现[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):46-52.
[35]王向英,田石柱,张洪涛,等.位移控制的子结构地震模拟振动台混合试验方法[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(2):30-35.
[36]保海娥,张自平,程绍革.振动台型混合试验系统试验设备研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2006,28(6):61-65.
[37]PAUSCHKE J,ANDERSON T L,GOLDSTEIN SN,etal.Net-work for Earthquake Engineering Simulation[C]∥Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.Proceedings of the7th U.S.National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Boston:Earth-quake Engineering Research Institute,2002:9-19.
[38]Hakuno M,Shidowara M,Hara T.Dynamic Destrutive Test of a Cantilever Beam,Cantrolled by an Analog-Computer[J].Transactions of the Japan Society of Civil Engineering,1969,171(12):101-105.
[39]邱法维,钱稼茹,陈志鹏.结构抗震实验方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[40]陈伯望,王海波.结构拟动力试验方法综述[J].湖南城市学院学报,2004,13(4):1-4.
[41]Tsutsumi H,Higashiura A.Pseudo dynamic Testing Method u-sing the Newmark Implicit Integration Method[R].Proceedings of Ninth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,1988.
[42]Ralf Peek,Waon-He Yi.Error Anslysis for Pseudo dynamic Test Method Application[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1990,116(7):75-81.
[43]M.Nakashima and H.Takai.Use of substructure Techniques in Pseudo dynamic Testing[C]//Research Paper.No.111,1985.
[44]M.Nakashima etal.Feasibility of Pseudo dynamic Test Using Substructuring Techniques[C]//Proceedings of Ninth World Con-ference on Earthquake Engineering.1988
[45]M.Nakashima,T.Akazawa and O.Sakaguchi.Integration Method Capable of Controlling Experimental Error Growth in Sub-structure Pseudo dynamic test[J].Journal of Structural Construc-tion Engineering.1993(454):61-71.
[46]李暄,刘季.田石柱结构拟动力试验力控制实现技术[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(1):49-53.
[47]田石柱,赵桐.抗震拟动力试验技术研究[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(4):60-66.
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