颗粒阻尼技术及其在土木工程中的应用展望
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摘要
介绍了国内外颗粒阻尼发展现状,比较了非阻塞性颗粒阻尼、柔性颗粒阻尼、带活塞振动颗粒阻尼的异同,按照颗粒阻尼的类型,系统地阐述了颗粒阻尼内部作用机理、常用计算模型、耗能影响因素等问题,指出其在应用中的诸多优点,及优于粘滞与机械阻尼的性能,验证了颗粒阻尼良好的工程应用前景与发展潜力。同时指出了现今理论模型、实际运用及设计中存在的一些问题与不足,对颗粒阻尼的研究与发展方向提出了建议。
The Chinese and international development status and study results of particle damping technology are summarized,and similarities and differences among non-obstructive particle damping(NOPD),bean bag damping(BBD) and piston-based particle damping(PPD)are given.According to the type of particle damping,its interaction mechanism,computing models,dissipated-energy effect factors and some other questions have been demonstrated systematically,and advantages in application and its superiority over viscous damping & mechanical damping have been pointed out to prove its bright prospect in application and development potential.Meanwhile,some problems to be solved in present computing model,actual application and design of particle damper have also been indicated,and the research and development orientation of particle dampers is suggested in future.
The Chinese and international development status and study results of particle damping technology are summarized,and similarities and differences among non-obstructive particle damping(NOPD),bean bag damping(BBD) and piston-based particle damping(PPD)are given.According to the type of particle damping,its interaction mechanism,computing models,dissipated-energy effect factors and some other questions have been demonstrated systematically,and advantages in application and its superiority over viscous damping & mechanical damping have been pointed out to prove its bright prospect in application and development potential.Meanwhile,some problems to be solved in present computing model,actual application and design of particle damper have also been indicated,and the research and development orientation of particle dampers is suggested in future.
引文
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[2]Skinner R J,Kelly J M,Heine A J.Hysteresis dampers for earthquake-resistant structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1975,3(3):287-296.
[3]Lieber P,Jenson D P.An acceleration damper:development,design and some application[J].Trans.ASME,1945,67(7):523-530.
[4]Shah B M,Pillet D,Bai Xianming,et al.Construction and characterization of a particle-based thrust[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2009,326,489-502.
[5]徐志伟,陶宝祺,黄协清.NOPD颗粒减振机理的理论及实验研究[J].航空学报,2001,22(3),347-350.Xu Zhiwei,Tao Baoqi,Huang Xieqing.Theoretical and Experimental Research Vibration Absorption Mechanisms of NOPD Particles[J].Acta Aero-nautica et Astronautica Sinica,2001,22(3),347-350.
[6]Wanga B,Yangb M.Damping of honeycomb sandwich beams[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,2000,05(1):67-72.
[7]Bai Xianming,Shah B,Keer L M,et al.Snurr R Q.Particle dynamics simulations of a piston-based particle damper[J].Powder Technology,2009,(189):115-125.
[8]Popplewell N,Semercigil S E.Performance of the bean bag impact damper for a sinusoidal external force[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,(283):433-448.
[9]陈天宁,陈花玲,黄协清.豆包消振器的阻尼特性研究[J].西安交通大学学报,1996,30(7):25-31.Cheng Tianning,Chen Hualing,Huang Xieqing.Investigation on property of bean damper[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,1996,30(7):25-31.
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[11]胡溧,黄其柏,柳占新,等.颗粒阻尼的动态特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(1):134-137.Hu Li,Huang Qibai,Liu Zhanxin,et al.Dynamic Characteristics of Particle Dampers[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(1):134-137.
[12]赵玲,刘平,卢媛媛.NOPD单自由度体系阻尼特性的实验研究[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(3):34-38.Zhao Ling,Liu Ping,Lu Yuanyuan.Experimental studies on damping characteristics of a SDOF、NOPD system[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2009,25(3):34-38.
[13]段勇,陈前,周宏伟.垂直简谐激励下颗粒阻尼耗能特性的仿真研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(2),28-35Duan Yong,Chen Qian,Zhou Hongwei.Simulation investigation on particle damping for its characteristic of loss power under vertical excitation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(2):28-35.
[14]李伟,胡选利,黄协清,等.柔性约束颗粒阻尼耗能特性研究[J].西安交通大学学报,1997,31(7):23-28.Li Wei,Hu Xuanli,Huang Xieqing,et al.Study on energy dissipation charateristics of granular damping with flexible boundary[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,1997,31(7):23-28.
[15]邵益勤,梁小燕,李伟.柔性约束颗粒冲击阻尼技术及应用[J].汽车工程,1999,21(6):358-363.Shao Yiqin,Liang Xiaoyan,Li Wei.The bean bag damping technique and its application[J].Automotive Engineering,1999,21(6):358-363.
[16]Lu Zheng,Masri S F,Lu Xilin.Parametric studies of the performance of particle dampers under harmonic excitation[J].Structural Control andHealth Monitoring,2009,10(1002),359-382.
[17]张向东.高架路交通诱发振动与建筑物减振控制方法研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2009.Zhang Xiangdong.Elevated road and vibration controlmethods of buildings[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2009.
[18]周宏伟,陈前,段勇.颗粒阻尼系统动力学特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(5):109-111.Zhou Hongwei,Chen Qian,Duan Yong.Dynamic characteristic investigation on vertical particle damping structure systems[J].Journal of Vibrationand Shock,2008,27(5):109-111.
[19]毛宽民,师汉民,黄其柏,等.NOPD的椭球状散体元建模[J].工程力学,2000,17(6):65-72.Mao Kuanmin,Shi Hanmin,Huang Qibai,et al.Three Dimensional ellipsoildal element dem model of NOPD[J].Engneering Mechanics,2001,17(6):65-72.
[20]崔升,沈晓冬,高志强,等.高阻尼材料的研究进展[J].材料导报,2006,20(3):33-36.Cui Sheng,Shen Xiaodong,Gao Zhiqiang,et al.The Development of research on high damping materials[J].Materials Review,2006,20(3):33-36.
[21]Hollkamp J J,Gordon R W.Experiments with particle damping[J].Proc.of SPIE,1998,3327(2):2-12.
[22]李伟,黄协清.柔性约束颗粒阻尼于板结构的减震研究[J].噪声与振动控制,1998,4(3):2-5.Li Wei,Huang Xieqing.Study on vibration absorption of granular damping with flexible boundary on plane structure[J].Noise and Vibration Control,1998,4(3),2-5.
[23]李英民,郑妮娜,周长安.结构设计地震作用效应影响因素及规律分析[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):51-56.Li Yingmin,Zheng Nina,Zhou Changan.Analysis on factors influencing the structural seismic effects based on comparison of the last and now-usedseismic codes of China[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2003,19(1):51-56.
[2]Skinner R J,Kelly J M,Heine A J.Hysteresis dampers for earthquake-resistant structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1975,3(3):287-296.
[3]Lieber P,Jenson D P.An acceleration damper:development,design and some application[J].Trans.ASME,1945,67(7):523-530.
[4]Shah B M,Pillet D,Bai Xianming,et al.Construction and characterization of a particle-based thrust[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2009,326,489-502.
[5]徐志伟,陶宝祺,黄协清.NOPD颗粒减振机理的理论及实验研究[J].航空学报,2001,22(3),347-350.Xu Zhiwei,Tao Baoqi,Huang Xieqing.Theoretical and Experimental Research Vibration Absorption Mechanisms of NOPD Particles[J].Acta Aero-nautica et Astronautica Sinica,2001,22(3),347-350.
[6]Wanga B,Yangb M.Damping of honeycomb sandwich beams[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,2000,05(1):67-72.
[7]Bai Xianming,Shah B,Keer L M,et al.Snurr R Q.Particle dynamics simulations of a piston-based particle damper[J].Powder Technology,2009,(189):115-125.
[8]Popplewell N,Semercigil S E.Performance of the bean bag impact damper for a sinusoidal external force[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,(283):433-448.
[9]陈天宁,陈花玲,黄协清.豆包消振器的阻尼特性研究[J].西安交通大学学报,1996,30(7):25-31.Cheng Tianning,Chen Hualing,Huang Xieqing.Investigation on property of bean damper[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,1996,30(7):25-31.
[10]胡溧,黄其柏,许智生.颗粒阻尼的回归分析研究[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(23):2834-2837.Hu Li,Huang Qibai,Xu Zhisheng.Regression analysis of particle damping[J].China Mechnical Engineering,2008,19(23):2834-2837.
[11]胡溧,黄其柏,柳占新,等.颗粒阻尼的动态特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(1):134-137.Hu Li,Huang Qibai,Liu Zhanxin,et al.Dynamic Characteristics of Particle Dampers[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(1):134-137.
[12]赵玲,刘平,卢媛媛.NOPD单自由度体系阻尼特性的实验研究[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(3):34-38.Zhao Ling,Liu Ping,Lu Yuanyuan.Experimental studies on damping characteristics of a SDOF、NOPD system[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2009,25(3):34-38.
[13]段勇,陈前,周宏伟.垂直简谐激励下颗粒阻尼耗能特性的仿真研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(2),28-35Duan Yong,Chen Qian,Zhou Hongwei.Simulation investigation on particle damping for its characteristic of loss power under vertical excitation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(2):28-35.
[14]李伟,胡选利,黄协清,等.柔性约束颗粒阻尼耗能特性研究[J].西安交通大学学报,1997,31(7):23-28.Li Wei,Hu Xuanli,Huang Xieqing,et al.Study on energy dissipation charateristics of granular damping with flexible boundary[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,1997,31(7):23-28.
[15]邵益勤,梁小燕,李伟.柔性约束颗粒冲击阻尼技术及应用[J].汽车工程,1999,21(6):358-363.Shao Yiqin,Liang Xiaoyan,Li Wei.The bean bag damping technique and its application[J].Automotive Engineering,1999,21(6):358-363.
[16]Lu Zheng,Masri S F,Lu Xilin.Parametric studies of the performance of particle dampers under harmonic excitation[J].Structural Control andHealth Monitoring,2009,10(1002),359-382.
[17]张向东.高架路交通诱发振动与建筑物减振控制方法研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2009.Zhang Xiangdong.Elevated road and vibration controlmethods of buildings[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2009.
[18]周宏伟,陈前,段勇.颗粒阻尼系统动力学特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(5):109-111.Zhou Hongwei,Chen Qian,Duan Yong.Dynamic characteristic investigation on vertical particle damping structure systems[J].Journal of Vibrationand Shock,2008,27(5):109-111.
[19]毛宽民,师汉民,黄其柏,等.NOPD的椭球状散体元建模[J].工程力学,2000,17(6):65-72.Mao Kuanmin,Shi Hanmin,Huang Qibai,et al.Three Dimensional ellipsoildal element dem model of NOPD[J].Engneering Mechanics,2001,17(6):65-72.
[20]崔升,沈晓冬,高志强,等.高阻尼材料的研究进展[J].材料导报,2006,20(3):33-36.Cui Sheng,Shen Xiaodong,Gao Zhiqiang,et al.The Development of research on high damping materials[J].Materials Review,2006,20(3):33-36.
[21]Hollkamp J J,Gordon R W.Experiments with particle damping[J].Proc.of SPIE,1998,3327(2):2-12.
[22]李伟,黄协清.柔性约束颗粒阻尼于板结构的减震研究[J].噪声与振动控制,1998,4(3):2-5.Li Wei,Huang Xieqing.Study on vibration absorption of granular damping with flexible boundary on plane structure[J].Noise and Vibration Control,1998,4(3),2-5.
[23]李英民,郑妮娜,周长安.结构设计地震作用效应影响因素及规律分析[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):51-56.Li Yingmin,Zheng Nina,Zhou Changan.Analysis on factors influencing the structural seismic effects based on comparison of the last and now-usedseismic codes of China[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2003,19(1):51-56.
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