油气井井喷失控灭火仿真平台的研究与应用
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摘要
为了解决油气勘探、开发过程中因各种异常复杂情况(特别是在有毒有害气体泄漏、着火扩散蔓延)导致油气井井喷失控着火后的处理技术难题,开展了油气井井喷失控灭火现场仿真系统的研究开发与设计。采用3DS Max技术对油气井着火现场进行三维场景建模,运用虚拟现实技术实现灭火现场实时漫游及灭火操作人机交互功能,参照油气井灭火抢险作业工艺流程,确定仿真系统设计流程,并对抢险灭火流程进行了重点模拟,通过RPG角色扮演使操作员熟悉各抢险流程,最终实现了具有三维可视化、人机交互等特色功能的油气井灭火抢险作业仿真训练平台的开发,为实际灭火作业操作提供重要参考依据,并成功应用于2009年中国石油天然气集团公司举行井喷事件专项应急预案演练中,为灭火抢险演习作业带来了较好的社会效应和经济价值。
In the hydrocarbon exploration and development process,it is a great challenge for operators to deal with well blowouts and fight fires due to many kinds of complicated accidents,especially hazardous gas leakage or fire/flame spread.In view of this,a simulation platform for the above cases is designed after a detailed study and development.First,the 3DS MAX modeling is made on the fire scene of an oil or gas well.Second,the virtual reality technology is applied to achieve real-time walkthrough and human-computer interaction in virtual environment.Third,according to real fire-fighting experiences,the process of the simulation system design is determined,focusing on the fire-fighting procedures.Finally,the RPG game helps operators to be familiar with all kinds of fire-fighting process.This simulation platform has been smoothly applied in the specific emergency drill practice in a well blowout control and fire fighting case held by the CNPC in 2009.Therefore,this successfully developed simulation platform will provide important reference for actual fire-fighting measures in emergency events at well sites with rather good social and economic values achieved as a result.
In the hydrocarbon exploration and development process,it is a great challenge for operators to deal with well blowouts and fight fires due to many kinds of complicated accidents,especially hazardous gas leakage or fire/flame spread.In view of this,a simulation platform for the above cases is designed after a detailed study and development.First,the 3DS MAX modeling is made on the fire scene of an oil or gas well.Second,the virtual reality technology is applied to achieve real-time walkthrough and human-computer interaction in virtual environment.Third,according to real fire-fighting experiences,the process of the simulation system design is determined,focusing on the fire-fighting procedures.Finally,the RPG game helps operators to be familiar with all kinds of fire-fighting process.This simulation platform has been smoothly applied in the specific emergency drill practice in a well blowout control and fire fighting case held by the CNPC in 2009.Therefore,this successfully developed simulation platform will provide important reference for actual fire-fighting measures in emergency events at well sites with rather good social and economic values achieved as a result.
引文
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[2]苏堪华.多媒体技术在石油钻井工程中的应用及前景分析[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(6):72-75.
[3]朱海龙,李智宏,赵群.利用地震物理模拟技术研究井间地震观测系统[J].天然气工业,2010,30(4):46-49.
[4]刘伟,李丽,潘登雷,等.川西陆相深井钻井完井技术[J].天然气工业,2008,28(8):76-78.
[5]马宗金,杨令瑞.油气井井喷着火灭火方法和作业程序[J].钻采工艺,2002,25(4):1-3.
[6]王瑞娥,张秋菊,宋怀玉.天然气井井喷着火的三次井控作业程序[J].西部探矿工程,2004,16(2):42-43.
[7]谢华,刘金环,谢青,等.井口套管头损坏井喷抢险配套技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2010,32(5):107-109.
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