岩石动力破坏的高速数字图像相关研究
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摘要
在液压伺服万能试验机上,对某工程现场天然花岗岩材料进行轴向压缩试验。试验机施加的应变率在5×10-3 s-1左右,符合地震作用下的应变率范围。结合高速图像采集系统,采用数字图像相关技术研究了花岗岩材料在动力作用下的拉应变场与破坏形态的关系。在3个立方体试样的压缩破坏试验中都发现,岩石材料在破坏前最大拉应变发生的位置,都是最先出现破坏的位置。这说明,动力作用下岩石材料的破坏符合第二强度理论,即最大拉应变破坏理论。研究还表明,数字图像相关技术可以用于岩石材料的破坏研究,甚至有可能用于边坡稳定的监测。
Compression tests were conducted to natural granite cubic samples exploited from a hydraulic construction site.Simulating earthquake,strain ratio was about 5×10-3 s-1 applied by hydraulic servo materials test system.The relation between tension strain field and damage mode of granite under dynamic loading was studied by digital image correlation method coupling with high-speed image acquisition.From the results on three samples,damage locations always appear at the site where maximum tension strain concentrates.The second strength theory or maximum tension strain strength theory is suitable to granite damage under dynamic loading.This research indicates that digital image correlation method can used to study rock failure mode,even to monitoring slop stability.
Compression tests were conducted to natural granite cubic samples exploited from a hydraulic construction site.Simulating earthquake,strain ratio was about 5×10-3 s-1 applied by hydraulic servo materials test system.The relation between tension strain field and damage mode of granite under dynamic loading was studied by digital image correlation method coupling with high-speed image acquisition.From the results on three samples,damage locations always appear at the site where maximum tension strain concentrates.The second strength theory or maximum tension strain strength theory is suitable to granite damage under dynamic loading.This research indicates that digital image correlation method can used to study rock failure mode,even to monitoring slop stability.
引文
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[15]马少鹏,金观昌,潘一山.岩石材料基于天然散斑场的变形观测方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):792-796.Ma Shaopeng,Jin Guanchang,Pan Yishan.Deformation measure-ment method for rock materials based on natural speckle pattern[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):792-796.
[16]赵永红,凌勇.细砂岩裂纹周围变形破坏过程及应变场分布[J].岩土力学,2004,25(6):865-870.Zhao Yonghong,Ling Yong.Fracture development and strain fieldaround the stress induced crack area in sandstone[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2004,25(6):865-870.
[2]Li X P,Siming H E.Seismically induced slope instabilities and thecorresponding treatments:the case of a road in the Wenchuan earth-quake hit region[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2009,6(1):96-100.
[3]许强,黄润秋.5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):721-729.Xu Qiang,Huang Runqiu.Kinetics characteristics of large landslidestriggered by May 12th Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engi-neering Geology,2008,16(6):721-729.
[4]刘汉龙,费康,高玉峰.边坡地震稳定性时程分析方法[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):553-556.Liu Hanlong,Fei Kang,Gao Yufeng.Time-history analysis method ofslope seismic stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(4):553-556.
[5]李刚,陈正汉,谢云,等.高应变率条件下三峡工程花岗岩动力特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(9):1 833-1840.Li Gang,Chen Zhenghan,Xie Yun,et al.Test research on dynamiccharacteristics of Three Gorges granite under high strain rate[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(9):1 833-1 840.
[6]李铁,孙学会,吕毓国,等.强矿震临界破裂阶段的岩体弹性波场[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(5):747-751.Li Tie,Sun Xuehui,LüYuguo,et al.Rockmass elastic-wave field atthe critical unstable failure stage of strong mining-induced seismicity[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(5):747-751.
[7]杨更社,刘慧.基于CT图像处理技术的岩石损伤特性研究[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(5):463-468.Yang Gengshe,Liu Hui.Study on the rock damage characteristicsbased on the technique of CT image processing[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2007,32(5):463-468.
[8]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2 792-2 797.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Liu Chunling.Engineering geology analy-sis of stability of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2 792-2 797.
[9]王怀文,亢一澜,谢和平.数字散斑相关方法与应用研究进展[J].力学进展,2005,35(2):195-203.Wang Huaiwen,Kang Yilan,Xie Heping.Advance in digital specklecorrelation method and its application[J].Advances in Mechanics,2005,35(2):195-203.
[10]侯方,雷冬,龚兴龙.结合数码显微镜的数字散斑相关方法精度分析及应用[J].实验力学,2008,24(4):269-275.Hou Fang,Lei Dong,Gong Xinglong.Analysis of digital image cor-relation method coupling with digital microscopy and its application[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2008,24(4):269-275.
[11]Lei D,Hou F,Gong X.Investigation of deformation at the grainscale in polycrystalline materials by coupling digital image correla-tion and digital microscopy[J].Experimental Techniques,2010(2):(DOI:10.1111/j.1747-1567.2010.00670.x).
[12]刘敬辉,王端宜.采用数字图像相关法进行收缩试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(6):1 867-1 872.Liu Jinghui,Wang Duanyi.Shrinkage experimental study using dig-ital image correlation method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(6):1 867-1 872.
[13]朱万成,杨天鸿,霍中刚,等.基于数字图像处理技术的煤层瓦斯渗流过程数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(1):18-23.Zhu Wancheng,Yang Tianhong,Huo Zhonggang,et al.Numericalsimulation on gas flow through coal seam based on digital image-based technique[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(1):18-23.
[14]徐文杰,胡瑞林,王艳萍.基于数字图像的非均质岩土材料细观结构PFC2D模型[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(4):358-362.Xu Wenjie,Hu Ruilin,Wang Yanping.PFC2D model formesostruc-ture of inhomogeneous geomaterial based on digital image process-ing[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(4):358-362.
[15]马少鹏,金观昌,潘一山.岩石材料基于天然散斑场的变形观测方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):792-796.Ma Shaopeng,Jin Guanchang,Pan Yishan.Deformation measure-ment method for rock materials based on natural speckle pattern[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):792-796.
[16]赵永红,凌勇.细砂岩裂纹周围变形破坏过程及应变场分布[J].岩土力学,2004,25(6):865-870.Zhao Yonghong,Ling Yong.Fracture development and strain fieldaround the stress induced crack area in sandstone[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2004,25(6):865-870.
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